Culturally responsive practices in speech, language and hearing sciences

Foreword
Preface
Acknowledgments
Reviewers
1. Introduction
	Definition of Culture
	Cultural Responsiveness
		Opportunities for Reflection
		Unconscious Bias
	Building Blocks of This Textbook
	References
2. Definitions and Concepts
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
		Activity 2–1
	The Contexts That Give Meaning to Culture and Cultural Responsiveness
		Globalization and Its Multidimensional Effects
		Changing Demographics Around the World
		Health Disparities and the Goal of Health Equity
		World Health Organization’s International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health
		World Report on Disability
	Defining Concepts
		Essential Concepts and Their Definitions
		Activity 2–2
		Critical Self-Reflection Questions
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Further Reading
	References
3. Theoretical Frameworks
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids — A Problem or a Solution?
	Theory and Social Theory
		Components of a Theory
		Conceptual Frameworks
	World Report on Disability
	Meaning of Illness, Disease, and Disability
	The Tip of the Iceberg
	Dimensions of Culture (Hofstede)
		Power Distance
		Uncertainty Avoidance
		Individualism–Collectivism
		Masculinity–Femininity
		Long-Term–Short-Term Orientation
		Indulgence–Restraint
	Models from Disability Studies
	Models from Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences
		The VISION Model
		Proposed Pedagogical Frameworks
		Salas-Provance’s (2021) Cultural Growth Profile Model
		Hyter’s (2021) Pathway for Responsive and Sustainable Engagement
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Discussion Questions
	Further Reading
	References
4. Culturally Responsive Practices Using a Human Rights Approach Through a Social Justice Lens
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Cultural Responsiveness Using a Human Rights Approach
	Cultural Responsiveness Through a Social Justice Lens
	Equity
	Intersectionality
	Power
		Physical Violence
		Structural Violence
		Symbolic Violence
		Manufactured Consent
		Privilege
		Organization of Work
		Macroaggressions and Microaggressions
		Microinterventions
		Macrointerventions
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Discussion Questions
	Further Reading
	References
5. Culture and Language
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Linguistic Relativity
	Communication and Language
	High- and Low-Context Cultures
	Language Variation
		Social Networks
		Communities of Practice
		Bilingual Language Development
		Theories About Second Language
		African American English
			Morphosyntactic Features of AAE
			Lexicon of AAE
			Pragmatic Characteristics of AAE
		Written Language Variation
		Language Politics
		Linguistic Culture and Language Policy
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Further Reading
	References
	Appendix 5–1. Contextualized Timeline Chart
6. Culture and Hearing
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Prevalence of Deafness and Hearing Disability
	Cultural and Ethnic Differences and Hearing
	Assessment and Intervention Across the Lifespan and Across Hearing Levels
		Considerations for Assessment
		Considerations for Intervention
	Bilingualism
	Black American Sign Language
	Social-Political Issues and Hearing
		Due Process
		Disparity in Hearing Aid Purchase and Use
		Environmental and Personal Factors
		Audism
	Models of Cultural Beliefs and Stigmas
		Explanatory Models
		Biopsychosocial Model
		Health Beliefs Model
		Stigma
	Health Literacy
	Deaf Culture
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Further Reading
	References
7. Building Ethnographic Skills
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
		Activity 7–1
	Ethnography
		Ethnographic Methods
			The Ethnographic Interview
			Learning Through Observations
		Analyzing Cultural Artifacts
		Analyzing Documents
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Further Reading
	References
	Appendix 7–1. Ethnographic Participant Observation Form
	Appendix 7–2. Artifact Analysis Form
8. Working With Interpreters
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
		Defining “Interpreter”
	The Need for an Interpreter
	Responsibilities of the Interpreter
		Activity 8–1
	Skills of the Interpreter
	BID Interpreting Process
	Risk Inherent in the Interpreting Process
	Chapter Summary
	Further Reading
	References
9. Culturally Responsive Assessment
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Culturally Responsive Assessment Practices
		Activity 9–1
		Activity 9–2
	Appropriate Assessment Practices, Measures, and Tools
		Interview Protocol
		Alternative Assessment Procedures
		Modifying Norm-Referenced Tests
		Dynamic Assessment
		Holistic Assessments
		Portfolio Assessments
		Developing a New Screening and/or Assessment Measure
	Speech Sound Assessment
	Articulation and Phonological Assessments in the First Language
	African American English
	Fluency Disorders
	Voice Disorders
	Cleft Lip and Cleft Palate
	Swallowing Disorders
		Activity 9–3
	Counseling
	Chapter Summary
	Further Reading
	References
10. Culturally Responsive Intervention
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Culturally Responsive Intervention
		Services to Bilingual Clients
	Intervention Services for Children Who Speak Language Variations With Language Disorders
	Intervention Strategies for Adults From Various Cultural and Linguistic Backgrounds With Language Disorders
	Intervention Strategies for Children With Speech Sound Disorders
	Intervention Strategies for People Who Stutter
	Intervention Strategies for People With Voice Disorders
	Intervention Strategies for People With Cleft Lip and Palate
	Swallowing Disorders
	Telepractice
	Chapter Summary
	Further Reading
	References
11. Culturally Responsive Research
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	“Whose Knowledge Is It Anyway?”
	History of Research With Communities of Color and With Scientific Racism and Ableism
	Culturally Responsive Research (CRR)
	The Necessity of CRR
		Research Compliance
	Engaging in CRR
		Skills of CRR Investigators
		Begin With a Theoretical Framework
		Critical Consciousness
		Political Consciousness
		Sociocultural Approach
		Biopsychosocial Model
		Social Theory of Transformation (Praxis)
		Research Team
		Criteria for Inclusion/Exclusion of Research Participants
		Research Purpose and Research Questions
	Imagine
		Activity 11–1
	Chapter Summary
	Further Reading
	References
12. Global Engagement, Sustainability, and Culturally Responsive Practices
	Learning Objectives
	Key Concepts
	Movement of People Around the World
	International Documents, Guidelines, and Policies
		UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
		UN Millennium Development Goals
		UN Sustainable Development Goals (2015–2030)
		WHO and World Bank World Report on Disability (2011)
		PRECEDE-PROCEED Model
		Building Resource Capacity in Uganda
		A Human Rights Approach to SLHP Services
	“Voluntourism” or Effective Volunteering?
	Sustainable Practice
	Chapter Summary
	Extended Learning
	Further Reading
	References
Index