Critical Thinking, Idea Innovation, and Creativity

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1 Introduction
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 What is Critical Thinking?
	1.3 The Influence of Myths
	1.4 Critical Thinking in Problem-Solving
	1.5 Simple and Complex Problems: Definitions
	1.6 Concluding Comments
	1.7 Exercises
	1.8 Activities
Chapter 2 Processes for Problem-Solving
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Definition of Problem-Solving Efficiency
	2.3 The Scientific Method
	2.4 A Model of the Research Process
	2.5 The Decision Process
	2.6 The Design Process
	2.7 The Modeling Process
	2.8 Innovation: Definition and Process
	2.9 The Creative Thinking Process
	2.10 The Critical Problem-Solving Process
	2.11 de Bono’s Model of Thinking
	2.12 The Intellectual Development Model
	2.13 Concluding Comments
	2.14 Exercises
	2.15 Activities
Chapter 3 Fundamentals of Imaginative Idea Generation
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Brainstorming
	3.3 Brainwriting: Individual Brainstorming
	3.4 Pictostorming (A.K.A., Sketchstorming)
	3.5 Brain Diagramming
	3.6 Concluding Comments
	3.7 Exercises
	3.8 Activities
Chapter 4 Synectics: Analogical Brainstorming
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 The Synectics Procedure
	4.3 Development of a Synectics Topic
	4.4 Role of the Facilitator
	4.5 Advantages of Synectics
	4.6 Individual Synectics
	4.7 Overt Synectics
	4.8 Concluding Comments
	4.9 Exercises
	4.10 Activities
Chapter 5 The Delphi Method
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Definitions
	5.3 The Delphi Method Procedure
	5.4 Facilitating a Delphi Session
	5.5 Decision-Making with the Delphi Method
	5.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Delphi Method
	5.7 Use of the Delphi Method for Problem-Solving
	5.8 Concluding Comments
	5.9 Exercises
	5.10 Activities
Chapter 6 Checklist Development and Applications
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Definition of a Checklist
	6.3 Examples of Checklists
	6.4 Application of a Checklist
	6.5 Development of a Checklist
	6.6 Concluding Comments
	6.7 Exercises
	6.8 Activities
Chapter 7 Inhibitors of Creativity and Innovation
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Definitions
	7.3 Effects of Inhibitors on Efficiency
	7.4 Creativity Inhibitors: Organizational
	7.5 Creative Inhibitors: Associates
	7.6 Creativity Inhibitors: Oneself
	7.7 Pessimism: A Mindset Inhibitor
	7.8 Effects of Inhibitors on Values
	7.9 Concluding Comments
	7.10 Exercises
	7.11 Activities
Chapter 8 Assessment of Critical Thinking Activities
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Definitions
	8.3 Assessment Criteria and Relations with Critical Thinking
	8.4 Assessment of Idea Generation Sessions
	8.5 Development of Assessment Reports
	8.6 The Role of Values in Assessments
	8.7 Concluding Comments
	8.8 Exercises
	8.9 Activities
Chapter 9 A New Perspective on Critical Thinking
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Introduction to Critical Thinking
	9.3 Critical Thinking versus Creative Thinking
	9.4 A Framework for Critical Thinking
	9.5 Critical Analysis and Synthesis
	9.6 Fundamental Characteristics of a Critical Thinker
	9.7 Problem Complexity and Critical Thinking
	9.8 Knowledge Requirements of Critical Thinkers
	9.9 Problem Characteristics and Critical Thinker Needs
	9.10 Improving Characteristics Needed for Critical Thinking
	9.11 Development of Critical Thinking Abilities
	9.12 The Influence of Experience
	9.13 The Advancement of Critical Thinking Ability
	9.14 Assessment of Critical Problem-Solving
	9.15 Concluding Comments
	9.16 Exercises
	9.17 Activities
Chapter 10 The Skill Dimension of Critical Problem-Solving
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Definitions
	10.3 Outline of a Skill Model
	10.4 Primary Skill: Courage
	10.5 Primary Skill: Perception
	10.6 Primary Skill: Skepticism
	10.7 Primary Skill: Critiquing
	10.8 Primary Skill: Questioning
	10.9 Primary Skill: Curiosity
	10.10 Primary Skill: Emergence
	10.11 Primary Skill: Consequence
	10.12 Auxiliary Skill: Self-Confidence
	10.13 Auxiliary Skill: Self-Discipline
	10.14 Auxiliary Skill: Persistence
	10.15 Auxiliary Skill: Flexibility
	10.16 Application of the Intellectual Development (ID) Model
	10.17 Assessing the Competency of the Skill Dimension
	10.18 Skill Set Efficiency and Effectiveness
	10.19 Iterative Questioning
	10.20 Concluding Comments
	10.21 Exercises
	10.22 Activities
Chapter 11 The Value Dimension of Critical Problem-Solving
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Critical Thinking: The Value Dimension
	11.3 The Origin and Changing of Values
	11.4 Organizational Value Systems
	11.5 Balancing Values in an Uncertain World
	11.6 Application of the Intellectual Development (ID) Model
	11.7 Assessing the Competency of the Value Dimension
	11.8 The Experiences-Values-Beliefs Model
	11.9 Concluding Comments
	11.10 Exercises
	11.11 Activities
Chapter 12 The Mindset Dimension of Critical Problem-Solving
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Introduction to the Mindset Dimension
	12.3 Definitions
	12.4 Mindset and Control Issues
	12.5 Mindset and Decision-Making
	12.6 Application of the Intellectual Development (ID) Model
	12.7 Assessing the Competency of the Mindset Dimension
	12.8 Self-Discipline: A Mindset Characteristic
	12.9 Procrastination: A Mindset Constraint
	12.10 Pessimism: A Mindset Constraint
	12.11 Assessment of Counter-Skill Activities
	12.12 Concluding Comments
	12.13 Exercises
	12.14 Activities
Chapter 13 The Thinking Dimension of Critical Problem-Solving
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Types of Thinking
	13.3 Thinking Type versus Characteristics
	13.4 Logical Thinking
	13.5 A Perspective on Lateral Thinking
	13.6 Divergent-Convergent Thinking
	13.7 Divergent Thinking
	13.8 Convergent Thinking
	13.9 Stochastic Thinking
	13.10 Counterfactual Thinking
	13.11 Upward-Downward Thinking
	13.12 Application of the Intellectual Development (ID) Model
	13.13 Assessing the Competency of the Four Dimensions
	13.14 Concluding Comments
	13.15 Exercises
	13.16 Activities
Chapter 14 Leadership of Critical Problem-Solving
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Organizational Creativity
	14.3 Organizational Inhibitors
	14.4 Leadership and Values
	14.5 Leadership and Thinking Type
	14.6 Organizational Mindset and Leadership
	14.7 Mindset Contrast: Optimism versus Pessimism
	14.8 Leadership Applications of Critical Thinking
	14.9 Leadership and Subordinate Confidence
	14.10 Leadership and Stress Management
	14.11 Professional Benefits of Creative Humor
	14.12 Concluding Comments
	14.13 Exercises
	14.14 Activities
Chapter 15 Critical Thinking: Applications to Research
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Research Planning
	15.3 A Model of the Research Process
	15.4 Methods of Identifying New Research Topics
	15.5 Critical Analysis in Research
	15.6 Characteristics Relevant to Critical Thinking
	15.7 A Mindset for Conducting Research
	15.8 Assessment Using the Intellectual Development Model
	15.9 Values in Research
	15.10 Self-Confidence in the Conduct of Research
	15.11 Critical Thinking and Research Efficiency
	15.12 Research Assessment
	15.13 Concluding Comments
	15.14 Exercises
	15.15 Activities
Chapter 16 Critical Decision-Making
	16.1 Introduction
	16.2 The Decision Process
	16.3 Critical Time Management
	16.4 The Assessment of Decision Failures
	16.5 Decision-Making Inhibitors
	16.6 Mindset and Decision-Making
	16.7 Values in Decision-Making
	16.8 A Skill Set for Decision-Making
	16.9 Concluding Comments
	16.10 Exercises
	16.11 Activities
Chapter 17 Introspective Idea Innovation
	17.1 Introduction
	17.2 Definitions
	17.3 Phases of the I[sup(3)] Method
	17.4 Skills Essential for I[sup(3)] Applications
	17.5 Conducting Phase I of I[sup(3)]
	17.6 Use of I[sup(3)] for Model Development
	17.7 Concluding Comments
	17.8 Exercises
	17.9 Activities
Chapter 18 Conclusions
	18.1 Introduction
	18.2 The Universal Dimensions
	18.3 Attitudes and Abilities of Critical Thinkers
	18.4 Learning Outcomes
	18.5 Postscript
Index