Critical Approaches to Harm Reduction: Conflict, Institutionalization, (De-)Politicization, and Direct Action

CRITICAL APPROACHES  TO HARM REDUCTION   CONFLICT, INSTITUTIONALIZATION,  (DE-)POLITICIZATION,  AND DIRECT ACTION
CRITICAL APPROACHES  TO HARM REDUCTION   CONFLICT, INSTITUTIONALIZATION,  (DE-)POLITICIZATION,  AND DIRECT ACTION
CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
	REFERENCES
PART ONE: CRITICAL HARM REDUCTION POLICY:  FROM OPPOSITIONAL SOCIAL MOVEMENT  TO INSTITUTIONALIZED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY
	Chapter 1  WHO NEEDS NALOXONE?
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		METHODOLOGY
			Background/Context: Placing Naloxone within the Politics of Needs Interpretation
			Results: The Politics of Needs Interpretation in Identifying the Limits of Risk and Harm
			Discussion: Professionalizing Harm Reduction: Social Movements, Research Communities, Policy and Advocacy Networks
		CONCLUSION
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 2  LOW THRESHOLD METHADONE PROGRAM:  13 YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN PORTUGAL
		ABSTRACT
		1. HARM REDUCTION
		2. LOW THRESHOLD METHADONE PROGRAMS
		3. THE CONTEXT OF THE DRUG ABUSE PROBLEM IN LISBON
		4. THE ARES DO PINHAL INSTITUTION
		5. LOW THRESHOLD METHADONE PROGRAMS IN LISBON
		6. GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
			6.1. Base Structures of the LTMP-Lx
				Support Offices (GAFs)
				Proximity Mobile Units (UMPs)
				Mobile Care Unit (UMC)
				The LTMP-Lx Support Vehicle
			6.2. Brief Description of the LTMP-Lx Function
				Syringe Exchange and Condom Distribution Program
		7. PARTNERSHIPS
		8. INTERVENTION IMPACT OVER 13 YEARS
			8.1. Health Impact
			8.2. Public Healthcare
			8.3. Behaviours/Social Experiences
			8.4. Degree of Satisfaction and Impact of the Program
			8.5. Admissions and Referrals in LTMP-Lx
		CONCLUSION
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 3  LAW ENFORCEMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH:  HOW NORTH CAROLINA BECAME A LEADER  IN HARM REDUCTION POLICY CHANGE
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
			Harm Reduction: Policy and Methodological Challenges
				Why Policy Is Needed to Reduce Overdose Fatalities
			North Carolina: Political Context
				Legislative Advocacy: A Response to Overdose Fatalities in North Carolina
			Law Enforcement Officer Training and Harm Reduction Pragmatism
		METHOD
			Data Collection
		RESULTS
		CONCLUSION
		REFERENCES
PART TWO: CRITICAL HARM REDUCTION  PRACTICE: AUTONOMY, IDEOLOGY,  AND EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS
	Chapter 4  POWER, POLITICS AND THE PRODUCTION OF HARM:  A CRITICAL LOOK AT THE INTERSECTING, YET UNEQUAL, ROLES OF SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE,  POWER, AND POLITICS IN THE PROVISION OF HARM REDUCTION SERVICES FOR PEOPLE  WHO SMOKE CRACK
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		THE ACTION – POWERFUL POLITICS
		THE REACTION: COLLECTIVE RESISTANCE
		THE IMPACT: THE PRODUCTION OF HARM
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 5  RETHINKING HARM REDUCTION AND PREGNANCY:  A STUDY OF WOMEN’S EXPECTATIONS AND  EXPERIENCES OF SPECIALIST MATERNITY CARE AND OPIATE SUBSTITUTION TREATMENT
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		THE MULTIPLE AND CONFLICTING AIMS OF  SPECIALIST MATERNITY CARE
		METHODS
		WOMEN’S EXPECTATIONS AND EXPERIENCES  OF SPECIALIST MATERNITY CARE AND OST
		ADDRESSING THE BARRIERS TO CARE IN  SPECIALIST MATERNITY SERVICES
		CONCLUSION
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 6  “AND THE WORLD'S ALRIGHT WITH ME”:   HARM REDUCTION AND SURVIVAL AT BLOCKORAMA
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 7  WHAT’S GLITTER GOT TO DO WITH IT?:  RE-IMAGINING HARM REDUCTION, YOUTH  DECISION-MAKING, AND THE POLITICS OF YOUTH ENGAGEMENT
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		BACKGROUND/CONTEXT
			Empower: An Arts-Based Harm Reduction and HIV Prevention Program for Youth by Youth
			Methodology (Our Approach)
		THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
			Youth Engagement and Harm Reduction: Supporting Youth-Led Spaces in Practice
				Section 1: Accountable Programs for Youth by Youth
				Section 2: Collective Capacity-Building
				Section 3: Accessible and Safe(r) Spaces
				Section 4: Worker’s Approaches
				Section 5: Organizational and Funding Policy
				Section 6: Re-Imagining Harm Reduction, Decision-Making and Youth Engagement
		CONCLUSION
		ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
		REFERENCES
PART THREE: CRITICAL HARM REDUCTION  PHILOSOPHY: DEPOLITICIZATION, DIRECT ACTION,  DRUG/SERVICE USERS’ EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE
	Chapter 8  EVERYTHING ABOUT THEM, WITHOUT THEM:  SEX WORK AND THE HARMS OF MISRECOGNITION
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION: HARM REDUCTION AND SEX WORK
		BACKGROUND: SITUATING SEX WORK AND HARM  REDUCTION ON “THE ROCK”2
		METHODOLOGY: RESEARCHING WITH  HARD-TO-REACH POPULATIONS
		THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK: MISRECOGNITION AND  THE EXPANSION OF HARM REDUCTION PRINCIPLES TO SEX WORK
		RESULTS: (MIS)RECOGNITION, IDEOLOGY, AND RESISTANCE
			Misrecognition, Radical Feminism, and Sex Work
			Current Canadian Context: Ideological Harms
		COLONIZING IDENTITIES: THE CANADIAN CONTEXT  AND POSTCOLONIALISM
		CONCLUSION: RECOGNITION AS HARM REDUCTION
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 9  EXPANDING THE MISSION OF HARM REDUCTION:  A PUBLIC HEALTH POPULATION AND ITS MEMBERS’   PERSPECTIVES TOWARDS HEALTH
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		BACKGROUND
			Genealogy of a Risk Category
				Suspicions and Concerns (1984-1985)
				Surveillance and Differentiation (1986)
				Behaviour Change and Self-Advocacy (1987-1988)
			Harm Reduction
		METHODS
		RESULTS
			Narratives of Risk
			Narratives of Illness
		LIMITATIONS
		CONCLUSION
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 10  RECOGNITION, EXPLOITATION, OR BOTH?:  A ROUNDTABLE ON PEER LABOUR  AND HARM REDUCTION
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION
		METHODS
		DISTINCTIONS AND TENSIONS BETWEEN PEER  AND BY-AND-FOR MODELS
		WORKING CONDITIONS AND WORKPLACE PRACTICE
		SELF-MANAGEMENT, AUTONOMY, AND LABOUR ORGANIZING
		PROFESSIONALIZATION
		INSTITUTIONS, PUBLIC HEALTH, AND INSTITUTIONALIZATION
		GLOSSARY
		REFERENCES
	Chapter 11  HARM REDUCTION HIPSTERS:  SOCIO-SPATIAL-POLITICAL DISPLACEMENT  AND THE GENTRIFICATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH
		ABSTRACT
		INTRODUCTION:  THE HIPSTER-IZATION OF HARM REDUCTION
		METHODOLOGY: ETHNOGRAPHIC APPROACHES TO ADDICTION, CONTEMPORARY HIPSTERDOM, AND THE DEPOLITICIZATION  OF INSTITUTIONALIZED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY
		DISPLACEMENT #1: SOCIAL CLASS, USER SPACE,  AND HIPSTER GENTRIFICATION
		DISPLACEMENT #2: THE DISPLACEMENT OF DIRECT USER INVOLVEMENT IN HARM REDUCTION PRACTICE
		DISPLACEMENT #3: THE GENTRIFICATION OF PUBLIC HEALTH
		CONCLUSION: QUESTIONING RESEARCH MOTIVES/ALLIANCES  AND (RE)MAPPING UNEQUAL DISTRIBUTIONS OF POWER IN  A FLUID LANDSCAPE OF CONTROL
		REFERENCES
ABOUT THE EDITORS
ABOUT THE CONTRIBUTORS
	PART ONE:  CRITICAL HARM REDUCTION POLICY:  FROM OPPOSITIONAL SOCIAL MOVEMENT TO INSTITUTIONALIZED PUBLIC HEALTH POLICY
	PART TWO: CRITICAL HARM REDUCTION PRACTICE:  AUTONOMY, IDEOLOGY, AND EVIDENCE-BASED INTERVENTIONS
	PART THREE: CRITICAL HARM REDUCTION PHILOSOPHY: DEPOLITICIZATION, DIRECT ACTION, AND DRUG/SERVICE USERS’ EXPERIENTIAL KNOWLEDGE
INDEX