Creative Concepts in Psychology: Case Studies and Activities

Cover......Page 1
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright......Page 5
Contents......Page 9
CHAPTER 1 Introduction to Psychology......Page 20
Wilhelm Wundt’s Structuralism......Page 21
William James’s Functionalism......Page 22
Sigmund Freud’s Psychoanalytic Perspective......Page 23
Behaviorism......Page 24
Diversity in Psychology......Page 25
Naturalistic Observation......Page 26
Summary......Page 27
Case Study #1 Psychology at Work......Page 28
Case Study #2 Why Do People Fall in Love?......Page 29
Case Study #3 Does TV Corrupt Your Mind?......Page 30
Case Study #4 The Power of Persuasion......Page 31
Case Study #5 Are You Just Lucky?......Page 32
Activity #1 Write a Creative Story......Page 33
Activity #2 Conduct an Experiment......Page 34
Activity #3 Who Am I?......Page 35
References......Page 36
CHAPTER 2 Biological Bases of Behavior......Page 37
Peripheral Nervous System......Page 38
Central Nervous System......Page 39
Brain Functions......Page 40
Summary......Page 42
Case Study #1 Too Much, Who Me?......Page 43
Case Study #2 Sensing and Making Sense of the World......Page 44
Case Study #3 Alzheimer’s Whodunit?......Page 45
Activity #1 Phineas Gage......Page 46
Activity #2 What Do You See?......Page 47
Activity #3 Are You Left Brained or Right Brained?......Page 48
References......Page 49
CHAPTER 3 Sensation, Perception, and Neuroscience......Page 50
Vision......Page 51
Auditory Processes (Hearing)......Page 53
Taste......Page 54
Smell......Page 55
Perception......Page 56
Summary......Page 57
Case Study #1 What Can You See?......Page 58
Case Study #2 Movie Theater Blindness......Page 59
Case Study #3 Spring Carnival......Page 60
Case Study #4 Illusions or Delusions?......Page 61
Case Study #5 Tiny Trees......Page 62
Activity #1 Taste Tests......Page 63
Activity #2 What Can You Hear?......Page 64
Activity #3 What Is a Blind Spot?......Page 65
References......Page 66
CHAPTER 4 States of Consciousness......Page 67
Stages of Sleep......Page 68
Why Do We Need Sleep?......Page 69
Insomnia......Page 70
Parasomnia......Page 71
Hypnosis......Page 72
Stimulants......Page 73
Summary......Page 74
Case Study #1 Why Am I So Tired?......Page 75
Case Study #2 Dream World......Page 76
Case Study #3 Drugs and Consciousness......Page 77
Case Study #4 Which Is It?......Page 78
Activity #1 Dream Log......Page 79
Activity #2 Dream Analysis......Page 80
Activity #3 Meditation......Page 81
Activity #4 Sleep Disorders......Page 82
References......Page 83
CHAPTER 5 Learning......Page 85
Classical Conditioning......Page 86
Generalization and Discrimination......Page 88
Operant Conditioning......Page 89
The Skinner Box......Page 90
Observational Learning......Page 91
Summary......Page 92
Case Study #1 Classical Conditioning: What’s Wrong with Ziggy?......Page 93
Case Study #2 Operant Conditioning: Behavior Problems......Page 94
Case Study #3 Operant Conditioning: Who Can Train Snoopy?......Page 95
Case Study #4 Lunch Anyone?......Page 96
Activity #1 Maze Learning......Page 97
Activity #2 Bells Make So Much Noise......Page 98
Activity #3 Phobias?......Page 99
Activity #4 Behavior Modification Contract......Page 100
References......Page 101
CHAPTER 6 Memory......Page 102
Memory......Page 103
Types of Memory......Page 104
Types of Memory Retrieval......Page 105
Memory Disorders......Page 106
Forgetting......Page 107
Summary......Page 108
Case Study #1 How Odd . . .......Page 109
Case Study #2 Forget Puppy Love......Page 110
Case Study #3 Remember That?......Page 111
Case Study #4 Memory Loss at the Theater......Page 112
Case Study #5 Wild Days......Page 113
Activity #1 Implicit Versus Explicit Memory......Page 114
Activity #2 Photos from the Past......Page 115
Activity #3 Six Tips to Improve Memory......Page 116
Activity #4 Numbers Game......Page 117
Activity #5 Flashbulb Memories......Page 118
Activity #6 Forgetful?......Page 119
References......Page 120
CHAPTER 7 Motivation and Emotion......Page 122
Biological Theories of Motivation......Page 123
Humanistic Theory of Motivation......Page 124
Conflict......Page 125
Theories of Emotion......Page 126
Summary......Page 127
Case Study #1 How Quickly Can Date Night Happen?......Page 128
Case Study #2 Retirement Life......Page 129
Case Study #3 I Bet I Can Beat You!......Page 130
Case Study #4 How Quickly Things Can Change......Page 131
Case Study #5 Road Rage......Page 132
Activity #1 Goal Setting and Achievement......Page 133
Activity #2 Cognitive Dissonance......Page 134
Activity #3 What Motivates Us to Eat?......Page 135
Activity #4 Where Am I Going?......Page 136
References......Page 137
CHAPTER 8 Development......Page 138
Human Development from Conception to Birth......Page 139
Genetics......Page 140
Infancy......Page 141
Psychosocial Development......Page 142
Stage Theories of Development......Page 143
Cognitive Development......Page 145
Vygotsky’s Theory of Sociocultural Development......Page 146
Moral Development......Page 147
Adolescence to Adulthood......Page 148
Summary......Page 149
Case Study #1 Who Knows More?......Page 150
Case Study #2 Developmental Effects on Personality......Page 151
Case Study #3 What, No Sleepover?......Page 152
Case Study #4 Let’s Make Applesauce......Page 153
Case Study #5 Time Does Not Stand Still......Page 154
Case Study #6 Wedded Bliss......Page 155
Case Study #7 Grandma’s Playing Video Games?......Page 156
Activity #1 What’s in a Name?......Page 157
Activity #2 Lifespan Development Paper: Part I......Page 158
Activity #3 Lifespan Development Paper: Part II......Page 159
Activity #4 How Old Am I?......Page 160
Activity #5 Freud Versus Erikson......Page 161
References......Page 162
CHAPTER 9 Personality......Page 164
Biological/Evolutionary Approaches to Personality......Page 165
Psychodynamic Approaches to Personality......Page 166
Beyond Freud . . . Neo-Freudians......Page 167
Trait Approaches to Personality......Page 168
Behaviorist Perspectives of Personality......Page 169
The Humanistic Approach to Personality......Page 170
How Do We Assess Personality?......Page 171
Intelligence......Page 172
Summary......Page 173
Case Study #1 Twin Power......Page 174
Case Study #2 Defense Mechanisms......Page 175
Case Study #3 Who’s That Guy?......Page 176
Case Study #4 Selective Intelligence......Page 177
Case Study #5 Intellectual Abilities......Page 178
Activity #1 I Am . . .......Page 179
Activity #2 How Defensive Am I?......Page 180
Activity #3 Personality Tests......Page 181
Activity #4 Gardner’s Multiple Intelligences......Page 182
Activity #5 How Does Personality Affect Consumer Behavior?......Page 183
References......Page 184
CHAPTER 10 Health Psychology......Page 185
The Effects of Stress......Page 186
The Sources of Stress......Page 187
Stress and Coping Skills......Page 188
Stress Reduction and Relaxation......Page 189
Summary......Page 190
Case Study #1 Exhaustion Hurts......Page 191
Case Study #2 Jog It Out......Page 192
Case Study #3 Type A Personality, Who Me?......Page 193
Case Study #4 Smoke Up......Page 194
Case Study #5 Would I Lie to You?......Page 195
Activity #1 Freudian Defense Mechanisms......Page 196
Activity #2 Can You See the Forest Through the Trees?......Page 197
Activity #3 Stress Workbook......Page 198
References......Page 199
CHAPTER 11 Psychological Disorders and Treatment......Page 201
Psychological Model......Page 202
The Classification of Mental Disorders......Page 203
Anxiety Disorders......Page 204
Somatoform Disorders......Page 205
Dissociative Disorders......Page 206
Mood Disorders......Page 207
Personality Disorders......Page 208
Childhood Disorders......Page 209
Summary......Page 210
Case Study #1 What Is Abnormal?......Page 211
Case Study #2 House Fright......Page 212
Case Study #3 How Crazy Am I?......Page 213
Case Study #4 Is This for Real?......Page 214
Case Study #5 Moody Much?......Page 215
Case Study #6 Mystery Solved!......Page 216
Case Study #7 Heightened Anxiety......Page 217
Case Study #8 Life Is Meaningless......Page 218
Case Study #9 What Kind of Therapist Would I Be?......Page 219
Case Study #10 Does Therapy Make You Self-Reliant?......Page 220
Activity #1 Diagnoses......Page 221
Activity #2 Mental Illness Defined......Page 222
Activity #3 Personality Disorders......Page 223
Activity #4 Psychopathology......Page 224
References......Page 225
CHAPTER 12 Social Psychology......Page 226
Attribution Theory......Page 227
Social Relationships......Page 228
Prosocial Behavior......Page 229
Persuasion......Page 230
Summary......Page 231
Case Study #1 Advertising That Sells......Page 232
Case Study #2 Stereotypes......Page 233
Case Study #3 Dog Bites and Dating......Page 234
Case Study #4 Call You Later......Page 235
Case Study #5 Love at First Sight?......Page 236
Case Study #6 Dating Changes Everything......Page 237
Case Study #7 Why Is the News So Depressing?......Page 238
Case Study #8 Who Will Help?......Page 239
Activity #1 A Good Deed Does Not Go Undone......Page 240
Activity #2 Culture and Society......Page 241
References......Page 242
Glossary......Page 243
Credits......Page 258
Index......Page 259