Correlatives Cross-Linguistically (Language Faculty and Beyond)

Correlatives Cross-Linguistically......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Table of contents......Page 6
Preface and acknowledgements......Page 8
1. What is a correlative?......Page 10
2.1 The position of the relative clause......Page 11
2.2 The position of the head NP......Page 12
2.3 The nature of the correlate......Page 13
2.5 Comparison with relatives on the right periphery......Page 14
3. Correlatives in the typology of relative clauses......Page 16
4. The cross-linguistic distribution of correlatives......Page 19
5.1 The position of the correlative clause......Page 21
5.2.1 Uniformity accounts......Page 22
5.2.2 Non-uniformity accounts......Page 24
5.3 Comparative correlatives......Page 27
6.1 Dayal's (1996) approach to correlatives......Page 30
6.2 Semantics for single correlatives......Page 32
6.3 Semantics for multiple correlatives......Page 34
6.4 The relation between correlatives and conditionals......Page 35
7. The contents of this volume......Page 38
References......Page 48
Endnotes......Page 53
Correlatives and related constructions......Page 56
1. Introduction......Page 58
2.1 Use of wh-pronouns......Page 61
2.2 Movement of the wh-pronoun......Page 64
3.1 The availability of multiple wh-pronouns......Page 66
3.2 Left branch extraction......Page 68
3.3 Reconstruction effects......Page 72
4. Analysis......Page 75
References......Page 82
Endnotes......Page 85
1.1 The Basque language......Page 90
1.2 Why this study?......Page 91
2.1 Some typological properties of (standard) Basque......Page 93
2.2 Embedded clauses......Page 95
2.3 -(E)n relatives and semi-free relatives......Page 96
2.4 Appositive relatives......Page 99
2.5 Further properties of appositive relatives and SFRs......Page 100
3.1 Introduction: "nor/zer… bait-" free relatives......Page 103
3.2 Are there "nor-/zer-…bait-" relatives in argumental position?......Page 104
3.3 Differences between CorPs and SFRs......Page 106
4. Differences between CorPs and other dependent wh-clauses......Page 109
4.1 Indefinite free relatives......Page 110
4.2 Unconditional clauses......Page 112
4.3 Appositive relatives, CorPs and interrogatives: The wh-phrase......Page 114
4.4 Summary of findings and the structure of CorPs......Page 117
5.1 Basque conditionals......Page 119
5.2 CCSs as paraphrases of conditional sentences......Page 120
5.3 Correlative and conditional protases: ba- and bait-......Page 122
5.4 On the relationship between correlative sentences and conditional sentences......Page 125
6. Conclusions......Page 128
Acknowledgements......Page 129
References......Page 130
Endnotes......Page 134
1. Introduction......Page 140
2. Conditionals: yes-no relative clauses......Page 141
3. Wh-expressions as extreme non-specific items......Page 146
4. Correlatives: Conditionals with topical wh-PSIs......Page 147
5. Two kinds of conditionals......Page 154
6. The demonstrative......Page 157
7. Conclusion......Page 162
Acknowledgements......Page 163
References......Page 164
Endnotes......Page 165
1. Introduction......Page 166
2. Research methodology......Page 167
3. Some basic syntactic properties of LIS......Page 168
4. LIS PE-clauses......Page 172
5. Correlatives or internally headed relative clauses?......Page 175
5.1 A correlative analysis: Cecchetto et al. 2006......Page 176
5.2 Evidence for the nominal status of the PE-clause......Page 177
5.3 Evidence for the correlate as a trace......Page 178
5.4 Evidence for extraposition......Page 180
5.5 Concluding remarks......Page 182
6. An extraposed internally headed relative clause analysis......Page 183
7.1 Apparent reversability......Page 187
7.2 An unexpected entailment......Page 188
7.3 Testing the status of PE-clauses......Page 190
Acknowlegments......Page 194
References......Page 195
Endnotes......Page 197
The derivation of correlatives......Page 202
1. Introduction......Page 204
2. Tibetan: An outline......Page 205
3.1 Correlatives in Tibetan......Page 207
3.2 Tibetan correlatives are not free relatives......Page 209
3.3 Tibetan correlatives are not conditionals......Page 213
4. The syntactic relation between the correlative CP and the correlative DP......Page 215
4.1 The availability of 'demonstrative XP adjunction'......Page 216
4.2 The availability of 'IP adjunction via movement'......Page 218
4.3 The availability of '(non-local) IP adjunction'......Page 219
5. The locality of merge and the locality of agree......Page 222
Acknowledgements......Page 225
References......Page 226
Endnotes......Page 227
1.1 Correlative clauses in Hindi/Urdu......Page 232
1.1.1 Clause internal and clause external relatives......Page 233
1.1.2 A common semantic translation......Page 234
1.2 Old Indic correlative clauses......Page 235
2. A base-adjunction analysis......Page 237
2.1 Symmetric and asymmetric adjunction of correlative clauses......Page 238
2.2.1 Nonfinite clauses......Page 239
2.2.2 Sanskrit clause architecture: The clause initial string and markers of subordination......Page 240
2.2.3 No syntactically subordinate complement clauses in Sanskrit......Page 241
2.2.4 Minimality violations in questions and relative clauses......Page 242
2.2.5 The stacking condition on Hindi correlatives......Page 246
2.2.6 Iterated restrictive correlative clauses......Page 250
2.3 Adjunction structures and their consequences......Page 252
3.2 The CP-DP analysis (Bhatt 2003)......Page 255
3.3 The construal relation between the correlative clause and the correlate......Page 257
4.2 Anaphoric linking......Page 260
4.3 The derivation of correlative structures......Page 261
4.4 The interpretative interface......Page 262
4.5 Locality......Page 263
5. Summary and conclusion......Page 265
References......Page 266
Endnotes......Page 268
1. Introduction: The problem......Page 272
2. The macrostructure of Dutch comparative correlatives......Page 279
3. Long-distance dependencies in comparative correlatives and successive cyclicity......Page 285
3.1 Successive-cyclic movement via SpecCP......Page 286
3.2 The principle of unambiguous binding (chain uniformity)......Page 288
3.3 Long-distance dependencies in comparative correlatives: Analysis......Page 289
3.3.1 The headclause/relative clause distinction......Page 290
3.3.2 The role of finiteness......Page 293
3.3.3 The nature of the (cor)relative pronoun......Page 294
3.3.4 Word order in the headclause......Page 296
3.3.5 The effect of embedding on long-distance dependencies......Page 297
4. On successive cyclicity......Page 299
5. Concluding remarks......Page 301
References......Page 308
Endnotes......Page 310
1. Introduction......Page 318
2.1 Leftward adjunction of the correlative clause......Page 319
2.1 The demonstrative requirement......Page 322
2.3 Multiple correlatives......Page 323
2.4 The matching requirement of correlative constructions......Page 326
3. The syntactic representation of correlative constructions......Page 327
4. The matching relations in correlative constructions......Page 331
5. The representation of matching relations......Page 334
6. The violations of the matching requirement......Page 340
References......Page 343
Endnotes......Page 347
1.1 Correlatives over individuals......Page 352
1.2 Correlatives over worlds, degrees and times......Page 353
1.3 Maximalization in correlatives......Page 355
2. Temporal and locative correlatives......Page 356
3. Matching effects......Page 360
3.1 Matching effects with free relatives and correlatives......Page 361
3.2 Matching effects with temporal correlatives......Page 362
3.3 Matching effects with locative correlatives......Page 366
3.4 Another difference between locative and temporal correlatives......Page 369
4.1 The first attempt: Points of time......Page 372
4.2 The second attempt: Intervals......Page 374
4.3 Explaining the difference between Hindi-Urdu and Hungarian in the temporal domain......Page 376
References......Page 379
Endnotes......Page 380
Index......Page 382
The Language Faculty and Beyond series......Page 385