Core Java SE 9 for the impatient

Title Page
Copyright Page
Dedication Page
Contents
Preface
Acknowledgments
About the Author
Chapter 1. Fundamental Programming Structures
	1.1 Our First Program
		1.1.1 Dissecting the “Hello, World” Program
		1.1.2 Compiling and Running a Java Program
		1.1.3 Method Calls
		1.1.4 JShell
	1.2 Primitive Types
		1.2.1 Signed Integer Types
		1.2.2 Floating-Point Types
		1.2.3 The char Type
		1.2.4 The boolean Type
	1.3 Variables
		1.3.1 Variable Declarations
		1.3.2 Names
		1.3.3 Initialization
		1.3.4 Constants
	1.4 Arithmetic Operations
		1.4.1 Assignment
		1.4.2 Basic Arithmetic
		1.4.3 Mathematical Methods
		1.4.4 Number Type Conversions
		1.4.5 Relational and Logical Operators
		1.4.6 Big Numbers
	1.5 Strings
		1.5.1 Concatenation
		1.5.2 Substrings
		1.5.3 String Comparison
		1.5.4 Converting Between Numbers and Strings
		1.5.5 The String API
		1.5.6 Code Points and Code Units
	1.6 Input and Output
		1.6.1 Reading Input
		1.6.2 Formatted Output
	1.7 Control Flow
		1.7.1 Branches
		1.7.2 Loops
		1.7.3 Breaking and Continuing
		1.7.4 Local Variable Scope
	1.8 Arrays and Array Lists
		1.8.1 Working with Arrays
		1.8.2 Array Construction
		1.8.3 Array Lists
		1.8.4 Wrapper Classes for Primitive Types
		1.8.5 The Enhanced for Loop
		1.8.6 Copying Arrays and Array Lists
		1.8.7 Array Algorithms
		1.8.8 Command-Line Arguments
		1.8.9 Multidimensional Arrays
	1.9 Functional Decomposition
		1.9.1 Declaring and Calling Static Methods
		1.9.2 Array Parameters and Return Values
		1.9.3 Variable Arguments
	Exercises
Chapter 2. Object-Oriented Programming
	2.1 Working with Objects
		2.1.1 Accessor and Mutator Methods
		2.1.2 Object References
	2.2 Implementing Classes
		2.2.1 Instance Variables
		2.2.2 Method Headers
		2.2.3 Method Bodies
		2.2.4 Instance Method Invocations
		2.2.5 The this Reference
		2.2.6 Call by Value
	2.3 Object Construction
		2.3.1 Implementing Constructors
		2.3.2 Overloading
		2.3.3 Calling One Constructor from Another
		2.3.4 Default Initialization
		2.3.5 Instance Variable Initialization
		2.3.6 Final Instance Variables
		2.3.7 The Constructor with No Arguments
	2.4 Static Variables and Methods
		2.4.1 Static Variables
		2.4.2 Static Constants
		2.4.3 Static Initialization Blocks
		2.4.4 Static Methods
		2.4.5 Factory Methods
	2.5 Packages
		2.5.1 Package Declarations
		2.5.2 The jar Command
		2.5.3 The Class Path
		2.5.4 Package Access
		2.5.5 Importing Classes
		2.5.6 Static Imports
	2.6 Nested Classes
		2.6.1 Static Nested Classes
		2.6.2 Inner Classes
		2.6.3 Special Syntax Rules for Inner Classes
	2.7 Documentation Comments
		2.7.1 Comment Insertion
		2.7.2 Class Comments
		2.7.3 Method Comments
		2.7.4 Variable Comments
		2.7.5 General Comments
		2.7.6 Links
		2.7.7 Package, Module, and Overview Comments
		2.7.8 Comment Extraction
	Exercises
Chapter 3. Interfaces and Lambda Expressions
	3.1 Interfaces
		3.1.1 Declaring an Interface
		3.1.2 Implementing an Interface
		3.1.3 Converting to an Interface Type
		3.1.4 Casts and the instanceof Operator
		3.1.5 Extending Interfaces
		3.1.6 Implementing Multiple Interfaces
		3.1.7 Constants
	3.2 Static, Default, and Private Methods
		3.2.1 Static Methods
		3.2.2 Default Methods
		3.2.3 Resolving Default Method Conflicts
		3.2.4 Private Methods
	3.3 Examples of Interfaces
		3.3.1 The Comparable Interface
		3.3.2 The Comparator Interface
		3.3.3 The Runnable Interface
		3.3.4 User Interface Callbacks
	3.4 Lambda Expressions
		3.4.1 The Syntax of Lambda Expressions
		3.4.2 Functional Interfaces
	3.5 Method and Constructor References
		3.5.1 Method References
		3.5.2 Constructor References
	3.6 Processing Lambda Expressions
		3.6.1 Implementing Deferred Execution
		3.6.2 Choosing a Functional Interface
		3.6.3 Implementing Your Own Functional Interfaces
	3.7 Lambda Expressions and Variable Scope
		3.7.1 Scope of a Lambda Expression
		3.7.2 Accessing Variables from the Enclosing Scope
	3.8 Higher-Order Functions
		3.8.1 Methods that Return Functions
		3.8.2 Methods That Modify Functions
		3.8.3 Comparator Methods
	3.9 Local and Anonymous Classes
		3.9.1 Local Classes
		3.9.2 Anonymous Classes
	Exercises
Chapter 4. Inheritance and Reflection
	4.1 Extending a Class
		4.1.1 Super- and Subclasses
		4.1.2 Defining and Inheriting Subclass Methods
		4.1.3 Method Overriding
		4.1.4 Subclass Construction
		4.1.5 Superclass Assignments
		4.1.6 Casts
		4.1.7 Final Methods and Classes
		4.1.8 Abstract Methods and Classes
		4.1.9 Protected Access
		4.1.10 Anonymous Subclasses
		4.1.11 Inheritance and Default Methods
		4.1.12 Method Expressions with super
	4.2 Object: The Cosmic Superclass
		4.2.1 The toString Method
		4.2.2 The equals Method
		4.2.3 The hashCode Method
		4.2.4 Cloning Objects
	4.3 Enumerations
		4.3.1 Methods of Enumerations
		4.3.2 Constructors, Methods, and Fields
		4.3.3 Bodies of Instances
		4.3.4 Static Members
		4.3.5 Switching on an Enumeration
	4.4 Runtime Type Information and Resources
		4.4.1 The Class Class
		4.4.2 Loading Resources
		4.4.3 Class Loaders
		4.4.4 The Context Class Loader
		4.4.5 Service Loaders
	4.5 Reflection
		4.5.1 Enumerating Class Members
		4.5.2 Inspecting Objects
		4.5.3 Invoking Methods
		4.5.4 Constructing Objects
		4.5.5 JavaBeans
		4.5.6 Working with Arrays
		4.5.7 Proxies
	Exercises
Chapter 5. Exceptions, Assertions, and Logging
	5.1 Exception Handling
		5.1.1 Throwing Exceptions
		5.1.2 The Exception Hierarchy
		5.1.3 Declaring Checked Exceptions
		5.1.4 Catching Exceptions
		5.1.5 The Try-with-Resources Statement
		5.1.6 The finally Clause
		5.1.7 Rethrowing and Chaining Exceptions
		5.1.8 Uncaught Exceptions and the Stack Trace
		5.1.9 The Objects.requireNonNull Method
	5.2 Assertions
		5.2.1 Using Assertions
		5.2.2 Enabling and Disabling Assertions
	5.3 Logging
		5.3.1 Using Loggers
		5.3.2 Loggers
		5.3.3 Logging Levels
		5.3.4 Other Logging Methods
		5.3.5 Logging Configuration
		5.3.6 Log Handlers
		5.3.7 Filters and Formatters
	Exercises
Chapter 6. Generic Programming
	6.1 Generic Classes
	6.2 Generic Methods
	6.3 Type Bounds
	6.4 Type Variance and Wildcards
		6.4.1 Subtype Wildcards
		6.4.2 Supertype Wildcards
		6.4.3 Wildcards with Type Variables
		6.4.4 Unbounded Wildcards
		6.4.5 Wildcard Capture
	6.5 Generics in the Java Virtual Machine
		6.5.1 Type Erasure
		6.5.2 Cast Insertion
		6.5.3 Bridge Methods
	6.6 Restrictions on Generics
		6.6.1 No Primitive Type Arguments
		6.6.2 At Runtime, All Types Are Raw
		6.6.3 You Cannot Instantiate Type Variables
		6.6.4 You Cannot Construct Arrays of Parameterized Types
		6.6.5 Class Type Variables Are Not Valid in Static Contexts
		6.6.6 Methods May Not Clash after Erasure
		6.6.7 Exceptions and Generics
	6.7 Reflection and Generics
		6.7.1 The Class Class
		6.7.2 Generic Type Information in the Virtual Machine
	Exercises
Chapter 7. Collections
	7.1 An Overview of the Collections Framework
	7.2 Iterators
	7.3 Sets
	7.4 Maps
	7.5 Other Collections
		7.5.1 Properties
		7.5.2 Bit Sets
		7.5.3 Enumeration Sets and Maps
		7.5.4 Stacks, Queues, Deques, and Priority Queues
		7.5.5 Weak Hash Maps
	7.6 Views
		7.6.1 Small Collections
		7.6.2 Ranges
		7.6.3 Unmodifiable Views
	Exercises
Chapter 8. Streams
	8.1 From Iterating to Stream Operations
	8.2 Stream Creation
	8.3 The filter, map, and flatMap Methods
	8.4 Extracting Substreams and Combining Streams
	8.5 Other Stream Transformations
	8.6 Simple Reductions
	8.7 The Optional Type
		8.7.1 How to Work with Optional Values
		8.7.2 How Not to Work with Optional Values
		8.7.3 Creating Optional Values
		8.7.4 Composing Optional Value Functions with flatMap
		8.7.5 Turning an Optional Into a Stream
	8.8 Collecting Results
	8.9 Collecting into Maps
	8.10 Grouping and Partitioning
	8.11 Downstream Collectors
	8.12 Reduction Operations
	8.13 Primitive Type Streams
	8.14 Parallel Streams
	Exercises
Chapter 9. Processing Input and Output
	9.1 Input/Output Streams, Readers, and Writers
		9.1.1 Obtaining Streams
		9.1.2 Reading Bytes
		9.1.3 Writing Bytes
		9.1.4 Character Encodings
		9.1.5 Text Input
		9.1.6 Text Output
		9.1.7 Reading and Writing Binary Data
		9.1.8 Random-Access Files
		9.1.9 Memory-Mapped Files
		9.1.10 File Locking
	9.2 Paths, Files, and Directories
		9.2.1 Paths
		9.2.2 Creating Files and Directories
		9.2.3 Copying, Moving, and Deleting Files
		9.2.4 Visiting Directory Entries
		9.2.5 ZIP File Systems
	9.3 HTTP Connections
		9.3.1 The URLConnection and HttpURLConnection Classes
		9.3.2 The HTTP Client API
	9.4 Regular Expressions
		9.4.1 The Regular Expression Syntax
		9.4.2 Finding One Match
		9.4.3 Finding All Matches
		9.4.4 Groups
		9.4.5 Splitting along Delimiters
		9.4.6 Replacing Matches
		9.4.7 Flags
	9.5 Serialization
		9.5.1 The Serializable Interface
		9.5.2 Transient Instance Variables
		9.5.3 The readObject and writeObject Methods
		9.5.4 The readResolve and writeReplace Methods
		9.5.5 Versioning
	Exercises
Chapter 10. Concurrent Programming
	10.1 Concurrent Tasks
		10.1.1 Running Tasks
		10.1.2 Futures
	10.2 Asynchronous Computations
		10.2.1 Completable Futures
		10.2.2 Composing Completable Futures
		10.2.3 Long-Running Tasks in User-Interface Callbacks
	10.3 Thread Safety
		10.3.1 Visibility
		10.3.2 Race Conditions
		10.3.3 Strategies for Safe Concurrency
		10.3.4 Immutable Classes
	10.4 Parallel Algorithms
		10.4.1 Parallel Streams
		10.4.2 Parallel Array Operations
	10.5 Threadsafe Data Structures
		10.5.1 Concurrent Hash Maps
		10.5.2 Blocking Queues
		10.5.3 Other Threadsafe Data Structures
	10.6 Atomic Counters and Accumulators
	10.7 Locks and Conditions
		10.7.1 Locks
		10.7.2 The synchronized Keyword
		10.7.3 Waiting on Conditions
	10.8 Threads
		10.8.1 Starting a Thread
		10.8.2 Thread Interruption
		10.8.3 Thread-Local Variables
		10.8.4 Miscellaneous Thread Properties
	10.9 Processes
		10.9.1 Building a Process
		10.9.2 Running a Process
		10.9.3 Process Handles
	Exercises
Chapter 11. Annotations
	11.1 Using Annotations
		11.1.1 Annotation Elements
		11.1.2 Multiple and Repeated Annotations
		11.1.3 Annotating Declarations
		11.1.4 Annotating Type Uses
		11.1.5 Making Receivers Explicit
	11.2 Defining Annotations
	11.3 Standard Annotations
		11.3.1 Annotations for Compilation
		11.3.2 Annotations for Managing Resources
		11.3.3 Meta-Annotations
	11.4 Processing Annotations at Runtime
	11.5 Source-Level Annotation Processing
		11.5.1 Annotation Processors
		11.5.2 The Language Model API
		11.5.3 Using Annotations to Generate Source Code
	Exercises
Chapter 12. The Date and Time API
	12.1 The Time Line
	12.2 Local Dates
	12.3 Date Adjusters
	12.4 Local Time
	12.5 Zoned Time
	12.6 Formatting and Parsing
	12.7 Interoperating with Legacy Code
	Exercises
Chapter 13. Internationalization
	13.1 Locales
		13.1.1 Specifying a Locale
		13.1.2 The Default Locale
		13.1.3 Display Names
	13.2 Number Formats
	13.3 Currencies
	13.4 Date and Time Formatting
	13.5 Collation and Normalization
	13.6 Message Formatting
	13.7 Resource Bundles
		13.7.1 Organizing Resource Bundles
		13.7.2 Bundle Classes
	13.8 Character Encodings
	13.9 Preferences
	Exercises
Chapter 14. Compiling and Scripting
	14.1 The Compiler API
		14.1.1 Invoking the Compiler
		14.1.2 Launching a Compilation Task
		14.1.3 Reading Source Files from Memory
		14.1.4 Writing Byte Codes to Memory
		14.1.5 Capturing Diagnostics
	14.2 The Scripting API
		14.2.1 Getting a Scripting Engine
		14.2.2 Bindings
		14.2.3 Redirecting Input and Output
		14.2.4 Calling Scripting Functions and Methods
		14.2.5 Compiling a Script
	14.3 The Nashorn Scripting Engine
		14.3.1 Running Nashorn from the Command Line
		14.3.2 Invoking Getters, Setters, and Overloaded Methods
		14.3.3 Constructing Java Objects
		14.3.4 Strings in JavaScript and Java
		14.3.5 Numbers
		14.3.6 Working with Arrays
		14.3.7 Lists and Maps
		14.3.8 Lambdas
		14.3.9 Extending Java Classes and Implementing Java Interfaces
		14.3.10 Exceptions
	14.4 Shell Scripting with Nashorn
		14.4.1 Executing Shell Commands
		14.4.2 String Interpolation
		14.4.3 Script Inputs
	Exercises
Chapter 15. The Java Platform Module System
	15.1 The Module Concept
	15.2 Naming Modules
	15.3 The Modular “Hello, World!” Program
	15.4 Requiring Modules
	15.5 Exporting Packages
	15.6 Modules and Reflective Access
	15.7 Modular JARs
	15.8 Automatic Modules and the Unnamed Module
	15.9 Command-Line Flags for Migration
	15.10 Transitive and Static Requirements
	15.11 Qualified Exporting and Opening
	15.12 Service Loading
	15.13 Tools for Working with Modules
	Exercises
Index