Contractile Mechanisms in Muscle

Front Matter....Pages i-xvi
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Introduction....Pages 3-4
Symmetry and Self-Assembly in Vertebrate A-Filaments....Pages 5-20
Image Analysis of the Complex of Actin-Tropomyosin and Myosin Subfragment 1....Pages 21-28
A-Band Mass Exceeds Mass of Its Filament Components by 30–45%....Pages 29-45
Myofilament Diameters: An Ultrastructural Re-Evaluation....Pages 47-61
Introduction....Pages 65-66
Limulus Striated Muscle Provides an Unusual Model for Muscle Contraction....Pages 67-87
Dynamic Laser Light Scattering of Papain-Treated Thick Filaments from Limulus Striated Muscle in Suspension....Pages 89-92
Structure of Limulus and Other Invertebrate Thick Filaments....Pages 93-106
Cinematographic Studies on the A-Band Length Changes During Ca-Activated Contraction in Horseshoe Crab Muscle Myofibrils....Pages 107-118
Contraction Bands: Differences between Physiologically vs. Maximally Activated Single Heart Muscle Cells....Pages 119-134
Structural Studies of Glycerinated Skeletal Muscle. I. A-Band Length and Cross-Bridge Period in ATP-Contracted Fibers....Pages 135-155
Introduction....Pages 159-160
Time-Resolved X-ray Diffraction Studies of Cross-Bridge Movement and Their Interpretation....Pages 161-175
On the Possibility of Interaction between Neighbouring Crossbridges....Pages 177-184
Cross-Bridge States in Invertebrate Muscles....Pages 185-192
Factors Affecting the Equatorial X-ray Diffraction Pattern from Contracting Frog Skeletal Muscle....Pages 193-202
Effect of Stretch on the Equatorial X-ray Diffraction Pattern from Frog Skeletal Muscle in Rigor....Pages 203-205
Structural Studies of Muscle during Force Development in Various States....Pages 207-220
Muscle Crossbridge Positions from Equatorial Diffraction Data: An Approach Towards Solving the Phase Problem....Pages 221-236
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Introduction....Pages 267-268
Cross-Bridge Attachment in Relaxed Muscle....Pages 269-284
Cytoskeletal Matrix in Striated Muscle: The Role of Titin, Nebulin and Intermediate Filaments....Pages 285-305
Connecting Filaments, Core Filaments, and Side-Struts: A Proposal to Add Three New Load-Bearing Structures to the Sliding Filament Model....Pages 307-328
Introduction....Pages 331-332
 31 P NMR Studies of Resting Muscle in Normal Human Subjects....Pages 333-347
Intracellular pH and Energy Changes in Muscle....Pages 349-351
Change in Fixed-Charge in the Thick Filament Lattice of Limulus Striated Muscle with Sarcomere Shortening....Pages 353-357
A New Method to Measure Intracellular Diffusible Elemental Concentration....Pages 359-363
Ion Concentrations Surrounding the Myofilaments....Pages 365-368
Introduction....Pages 371-372
The Nature of the Actin Cross-Bridge Interaction....Pages 373-384
Cross-Linking Studies Related to the Location of the Rigor Compliance in Glycerinated Rabbit Psoas Fibers: Is the SII Portion of the Cross-Bridge Compliant?....Pages 385-396
Angles of Fluorescently Labelled Myosin Heads and Actin Monomers in Contracting and Rigor Stained Muscle Fiber....Pages 397-411
Muscle Cross-Bridges: Do They Rotate?....Pages 413-427
An Actomyosin Motor....Pages 429-436
Structural Dynamics: Implications for Contractile Mechanisms....Pages 439-450
Configurations of Myosin Heads in the Crab Striated Muscle as Studied by X-Ray Diffraction....Pages 237-250
On the Intensity Reversal of the “Tropomyosin Reflexions” in X-ray Diffraction Patterns from Crab Striated Muscle....Pages 251-263
Front Matter....Pages 451-451
Introduction....Pages 453-454
Front Matter....Pages 451-451
Changes in Intracellular Ca 2+ Induced by Shortening Imposed during Tetanic Contractions....Pages 455-472
Sarcomere Length Changes in Single Frog Muscle Fibres during Tetani at Long Sarcomere Lengths....Pages 473-493
Length-Tension-Velocity Relationships Studied in Short Consecutive Segments of Intact Muscle Fibres of the Frog....Pages 495-509
Force — Sarcomere-Length Relation and Filament Length in Rat Extensor Digitorum Muscle....Pages 511-525
Some Specific Predictions and Experiments on Single Myofibrillar Mechanics....Pages 527-530
1 kgf/cm 2 — The Isometric Tension of Muscle Contraction: Implications to Cross-Bridge and Hydraulic Mechanisms....Pages 531-539
General Discussion....Pages 541-546
Introduction....Pages 549-551
Calcium Sensitivity is Modified by Contraction....Pages 553-563
Changes in [Ca 2+ ] i Induced by Rapid Cooling of Single Skeletal Muscle Fibres Treated with Low Concentration of Caffeine....Pages 565-568
Contractile Responses to MgATP and pH in a Thick Filament Regulated Muscle: Studies with Skinned Scallop Fibers....Pages 569-572
Formation of Calcium-Parvalbumin Complex during Contraction. A Source of “Unexplained Heat”?....Pages 573-579
Introduction....Pages 583-584
Symmetric and Asymmetric Processes in the Mechano-Chemical Conversion in the Cross-Bridge Mechanism Studied by Isometric Tension Transients....Pages 585-599
A Comparison of Muscle Stiffness Measurements Obtained with Rapid Releases or Stretches of Frog Semitendinosus Fibers....Pages 601-604
Tension Transients in Skinned Muscle Fibres of Insect Flight Muscle and Mammalian Cardiac Muscle: Effect of Substrate Concentration and Treatment with Myosin Light Chain Kinase....Pages 605-615
Tension Transients in Single Isolated Smooth Muscle Cells....Pages 617-622
Sarcomere Length and Force Changes in Single Tetanized Frog Muscle Fibers Following Quick Changes in Fiber Length....Pages 623-635
Analysis of Mechanical Behavior of Muscle by a Multi-Sarcomere Model....Pages 637-639
The Kinetics of Cross-Bridge Attachment and Detachment Studied by High Frequency Stiffness Measurements....Pages 641-655
Front Matter....Pages 451-451
The Role of Ca 2+ in Cross-Bridge Kinetics in Chemically Skinned Rabbit Psoas Fibers....Pages 657-672
Muscle Stiffness Changes during Isometric Contraction in Frog Skeletal Muscle as Studied by the Use of Ultrasonic Waves....Pages 673-686
General Discussion....Pages 687-690
Introduction....Pages 693-695
Force Response to Width and Length Peturbations in Compressed Skinned Skeletal Muscle Fibers....Pages 697-709
Lateral Shrinkage of the Myofilament Lattice in Chemically Skinned Muscles during Contraction....Pages 711-720
Effect of Lattice Spacing on Cross-Bridge Orientations in Relaxed Crab Muscle....Pages 721-723
Isotonic Contraction of Temp-Step Activated Muscle Fibers with Varied Tonicity: Effects of Cell Volume and the Degree of Activation....Pages 725-729
Changes in Mechanical Properties in Osmotically Compressed Skinned Muscle Fibers of Frog....Pages 731-733
Introduction....Pages 737-738
Stretch of Contracting Muscle Fibres: Evidence for Regularly Spaced Active Sites along the Filaments and Enhanced Mechanical Performance....Pages 739-751
Velocity Sensitivity of Yielding during Stretch in the Cat Soleus Muscle....Pages 753-755
Force-Velocity Relation and Stiffness in Frog Single Muscle Fibres during the Rise of Tension in an Isometric Tetanus....Pages 757-764
Stepwise Shortening: Evidence and Implications....Pages 765-786
A Proposed Mechanism of Contraction in which Stepwise Shortening is a Basic Feature....Pages 787-792
Stepwise Changes in Crossbridge State and Sarcomere Length: Do Lattice Constraints Play a Critical Role?....Pages 793-795
Distilled Water-Induced Contractions in Dehydrated and Skinned Muscle Fibers....Pages 797-801
Introduction....Pages 805-806
Modeling of Cardiac Muscle Contraction Based on the Cross-Bridge Mechanism....Pages 807-820
The Dependence of Force and Velocity on Calcium and Length in Cardiac Muscle Segments....Pages 821-836
Front Matter....Pages 451-451
Nonuniformity of Contraction and Relaxation of Mammalian Cardiac Muscle....Pages 837-840
Transient Length Responses of Heart Muscle in Ba 2+ -Contracture to Step Tension Reductions....Pages 841-843
Introduction....Pages 847-851
Dependence of the Shortening Heat on Sarcomere Length in Fibre Bundles from Frog Semitendinosus Muscles....Pages 853-864
The Effect of Shortening on Energy Liberation and High Energy Phosphate Hydrolysis in Frog Skeletal Muscle....Pages 865-881
The Dependence on the Distance of Shortening of the Energy Output from Frog Skeletal Muscle Shortening at Velocities of V max , 1/2V max and 1/4V max ....Pages 883-885
Simultaneous Heat and Tension Measurements from Single Muscle Cells....Pages 887-899
Concluding Remarks....Pages 903-910
Back Matter....Pages 911-921