Continuous API Management: Making the Right Decisions in an Evolving Landscape

Foreword
Preface
	Who Should Read This Book
	What’s in This Book
		The Outline
	What’s Not in This Book
	Conventions Used in This Book
	O’Reilly Online Learning
	How to Contact Us
	Acknowledgments
1. The Challenge and Promise of API Management
	What Is API Management?
		The Business of APIs
		What Is an API?
		More Than Just the API
		API Maturity Stages
		More Than a Single API
	Why Is API Management Difficult?
		Scope
		Scale
		Standards
	Managing the API Landscape
		Technology
		Teams
		Governance
	Summary
2. API Governance
	Understanding API Governance
		Decisions
		Decision Management
		Governing Complex Systems
	Governing Decisions
		Centralization and Decentralization
		The Elements of a Decision
		Decision Mapping
		Decision design in practice
	Designing Your Governance System
		Governance Pattern #1: Design Authority
		Governance Pattern #2: Embedded Centralized Experts
		Governance Pattern #3: Influenced Self-Governance
	Implementing Governance Patterns
		Evolving Your Solution
		Observability and Visibility
		Operating Models
		Develop a Strategy for Standards Management
	Summary
3. The API as a Product
	The Programmable Economy Is API-Led
		Price, Promotion, Product, Place → Everywhere
	Design Thinking
		Match People’s Needs
		Viable Business Strategy
		The Bezos Mandate
		Applying Design Thinking to APIs
	Customer Onboarding
		Time to Wow!
		Onboarding for Your APIs
	Developer Experience
		Knowing Your Audience
		Making It Safe and Easy
		Why Are Developers So Important in the API Economy?
		Developer Relations for APIs-as-products
		API-as-Product Monetization and Pricing
	Summary
4. The Pillars of an API Product
	Introducing the Pillars
		Strategy
		Design
		Documentation
		Development
		Testing
		Deployment
		Security
		Monitoring
		Discovery and Promotion
		Change Management
	Using the Pillars Together
		Applying Pillars When Performing Planning
		Using the Pillars for Creation
		Using the Pillars to Operate and Run
	Summary
5. Continuous API Improvement
	Managing Change Continuously
		Incremental Improvement
		API Change Velocity
	Changing an API
		The API Release Lifecycle
		Changing the Interface Model
		Changing the Implementation
		Changing the Instance
		Changing the Supporting Assets
	Improving API Changeability
		Effort Costs
		Opportunity Costs
		Coupling Costs
		Isn’t All This Just BDUF?
	Summary
6. API Styles
	APIs Are Languages
	The Five API Styles
		Tunnel Style
		Resource Style
		Hypermedia Style
		Query Style
		Event-Based Style
		How to Decide on API Style and Technology
	Avoid Painting Yourself into a Style Corner
	Summary
7. The API Product Lifecycle
	Measurements and Milestones
		OKRs and KPIs
		Defining an API Objective
		Identifying Measurable Results
	The API Product Lifecycle
		Stage 1: Create
		Stage 2: Publish
		Stage 3: Realize
		Methodology: Value Proposition Interface Canvas
		Stage 4: Maintain
		Stage 5: Retire
	Applying the Product Lifecycle to the Pillars
		Create
		Publish
		Realize
		Maintain
		Retire
	Summary
8. API Teams
	API Roles
		Business Roles
		Technical Roles
	API Teams
		Teams and API Maturity
		Scaling Up Your Teams
		Teams and Roles at Spotify
		Factors for Your Scaling Approach
	Culture and Teams
		Recognizing Conway’s Law
		Leveraging Dunbar’s Numbers
		Enabling Alexander’s Cultural Mosaic
		Supporting Experimentation
	Summary
9. API Landscapes
	API Archaeology
	API Management at Scale
		The Platform Principle
		Principles, Protocols, and Patterns
		API Landscapes as Language Landscapes
		API the APIs
	Understanding the Landscape
	The Eight Vs of API Landscapes
		Variety
		Vocabulary
		Volume
		Velocity
		Vulnerability
		Visibility
		Versioning
		Volatility
	Summary
10. API Landscape Journey
	Structuring Guidance in the API Landscape
	The Lifecycle of Guidance
	The Center for Enablement
		C4E Team and Context
	Maturity and the Eight Vs
		Variety
		Vocabulary
		Volume
		Velocity
		Vulnerability
		Visibility
		Versioning
		Volatility
	Summary
11. Managing the API Lifecycle in an Evolving Landscape
	Managing an Evolving Landscape in Practice
		Socialize Your “Red Lines”
		Platforms Over Projects (Eventually)
		Design for Consumers, Producers, and Sponsors
		Test, Measure, and Learn
	API Products and Lifecycle Pillars
		API Landscapes
		Decision Points and Maturity
	Landscape Aspects and API Lifecycle Pillars
		Strategy
		Design
		Documentation
		Development
		Testing
		Deployment
		Security
		Monitoring
		Discovery
		Change Management
	Summary
12. Continuing the Journey
	Continuing to Prepare for the Future
	Continue Managing Every Day