Constructing and Representing Territory in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe

Cover
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
Constructing and Representing Territory in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe: An Introduction
	Mario Damen and Kim Overlaet
Part 1: The Multiplicity of Territory
	1. Were There ‘Territories’ in the German Lands of the Holy Roman Empire in the Fourteenth to Sixteenth Centuries?
		Duncan Hardy
	2.	Beyond the State: Community and Territory-Making in Late Medieval Italy
		Luca Zenobi
	3. Clerical and Ecclesiastical Ideas of Territory in the Late Medieval Low Countries
		Bram van den Hoven van Genderen*
	4. Marginal Might? The Role of Lordships in the Territorial Integrity of Guelders, c. 1325-c. 1575
		Jim van der Meulen
Part 2: The Construction of Territory
	5. Demographic Shifts and the Politics of Taxation in the Making of Fifteenth-Century Brabant
		Arend Elias Oostindiër and Rombert Stapel
	6. From Knights Errant to Disloyal Soldiers? The Criminalisation of Foreign Military Service in the Late Medieval Meuse and Rhine Regions, 1250-1550
		Sander Govaerts
	7. Conquest, Cartography and the Development of Linear Frontiers during Henry VIII’s Invasion of France in 1544-1546
		Neil Murphy
	8. From Multiple Residences to One Capital? Court Itinerance during the Regencies of Margaret of Austria and Mary of Hungary in the Low Countries (c. 1507-1555)
		Yannick De Meulder
Part 3: The Representation of Territory
	9. Heraldry and Territory: Coats of Arms and the Representation and Construction of Authority in Space
		Mario Damen and Marcus Meer
	10. The Territorial Perception of the Duchy of Brabant in Historiography and Vernacular Literature in the Late Middle Ages
		Bram Caers and Robert Stein
	11. Imagining Flanders: The (De)construction of a Regional Identity in Fifteenth-Century Flanders
		Lisa Demets
	12. Mapping Imagined Territory: Quaresmio’s Chorographia and Later Franciscan Holy Land Maps
		Marianne Ritsema van Eck
	Constructing and Representing Territory in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe: A Conclusion
		Mario Damen and Kim Overlaet
Index
List of Figures and Tables
	Fig. 3.1. Map of the dioceses in the Low Countries before 1559. Source: UvA-Kaartenmakers, on the basis of a design by Hans Erens. WikiCommons Low Countries Medieval Dioceses.
	Fig. 3.2. Map of the (arch)dioceses in the Low Countries after 1559. Source: UvA-Kaartenmakers, on the basis of a design by Hans Erens. WikiCommons Super Universas Dioceses.
	Fig. 4.1. The Duchy of Guelders, with the high lordships of the Nijmegen Quarter (fourteenth-sixteenth centuries). Source: Hans Blomme, Ghent University. The borders between the shires are based on Kuys, De Ambtman.
	Fig. 4.2. Sixteenth-century ‘map’ of the border area between the lordships of Ooij and Gendt (1544). Source: GAA, Hof van Gelre en Zutphen, no. 1270.
	Fig. 5.1. Urban and rural status of the Duchy of Brabant. The inlay (with identical scale) shows the Brabantine enclaves of Lommersum and Kerpen (near Cologne). The introduction of the hearth counts was accompanied by a reorganisation of the six, later fo
	Figs 5.2a-b. Cartogram maps of the Duchy of Brabant, by share of the census. The cartograms consist of a number of hexagons, each hexagon more or less representing an equal share in the count. Missing values are interpolated.43
	Fig. 5.3. Difference in a community’s share of the census between 1374 and 1437/1438. Missing values are interpolated.
	Fig. 5.4. Percentage of poor households per fiscal category for each of the four quarters of the Duchy of Brabant (1437/1438). Fiscal category: schelling or ¼ philippusrijder per contributing hearth. The data are aggregated using the new administrative cl
	Figs 5.5a-b. Cartogram maps of the Duchy of Brabant, by share of the aid.
	Fig. 5.6. Difference in the share in the aids of 1383/1386 and 1436-1442, relative to the share of the censuses of 1374 and 1437/1438, respectively.
	Fig. 5.7. Ducal and seigniorial administrative divisions, based on the 1383/1386 aid report.
	Figs 5.8a-h. Cartogram maps of the Duchy of Brabant, by share of the census. See also Figs 5.2a-b.
	Figs 5.9a-c. Cartogram maps of the Duchy of Brabant, by share of the aid. The Lordship of Mechelen is excluded.
	Fig. 6.1. The Meuse and Rhine regions, 1400-1600.
	Fig. 6.2. Overview of people prosecuted for foreign service in the Bailiwick of ’s-Hertogenbosch, 1393-1550. Source: ARB, 1107 Rekeningen Hoogschout ’s-Hertogenbosch, inv. nr 2797, 12990, 12991, 12995, 12996.
	Fig. 8.1. Cities most frequented by Mary of Hungary in percentages of sample years based on the accounts of her treasurer. Includes only cities visited more than 1% of the year.
	Fig. 8.2. Days spent per month in the most frequented cities during Margaret of Austria’s second regency (1518-1530). Includes only cities visited more than 1% of her regency. Source: Based on Bruchet and Lancien, L’itinéraire de Marguerite d’Autriche.
	Fig. 9.1. Jan of Bavaria, uncle of Willem VI, and Jacoba of Bavaria. Taken from the series of the counts of Holland and Zeeland which the herald Hendrik van Heessel painted after the series in the chapel of the Binnenhof. Note the coat of arms as an ident
	Fig. 9.2. Late-sixteenth-century painting of John of Gaunt, showing the English royal arms with the label of a third son and an inescutcheon of pretence with the arms of Castile and Leon. Source: Public domain material, printed in Armitage-Smith, John of
	Fig. 9.3. Jan I of Brabant with the quartered coat of arms of Brabant and Limbourg in the Codex Manesse (c. 1300-1340). Source: Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg, Cod. Pal. germ. 848, fol. 18r. Public domain material, provided by Universitätsbibliothek He
	Fig. 9.4. Illumination dedicated to Emperor Frederick III, showing the arms of Habsburgian territories around a shield of the imperial arms in the centre of the folio, in the fifteenth-century Haggenberg armorial. Source: St Gall, Stiftsbibliothek, Cod. S
	Fig. 9.5. First pages of the marche of Brabant in the Bergshammar armorial. Source: Riksarkivet, Täby, SE/RA/720085/Z.
	Fig. 9.6. Royal seal of Władysław II Jagiełło (1386), with coats of arms of the Kingdom of Poland’s territories set around the figure of the king. Source: Photograph by Jan Mehlich provided under a CC BY-SA 3.0 license via Wikimedia Commons.
	Fig. 10.1. Line of descent in Brabantine genealogies.
	Fig. 10.2. Dukes of Lower Lotharingia (970-1129), according to Brabantine historiographical tradition.
	Fig. 11.1. Imago Flandriae of Lubert Hautscilt by Jacob Van Oost II and Pieter De Brune (Brugge: Lucas Vanden Kerckhove, 1671). © Public Library Bruges, H.F. 226.
	Fig. 12.1. Grid map of the Holy Land c. 1321 by Pietro Vesconte, in Marino Sanudo’s Liber Secretorum Fidelium Crucis. 350 x 255 mm. Source: British Library, Add. MS 27376, ff. 188v-189. Public domain image accessible via the British Library Catalogue of I
	Fig. 12.2. Map of the Holy Land in Quaresmio’s Terrae Sanctae Elucidatio (1639). 427 x 354 mm. Source: Leiden University Libraries, 567 A 7-8.
	Fig. 12.3. Frontispiece of Quaresmio’s Terrae Sanctae Elucidatio (1639). 224 x 352 mm. Source: Leiden University Libraries, 567 A 7-8.
	Fig. 12.4. Chorographia Terrae Sanctae in Angustiorem Formam Redacta (1632) by Jacques Tirin. 330 x 850 mm. Source: Public domain image provided by the Stephen S. Clark Library, University of Michigan Library.
	Fig. 12.5. Map of the Holy Land in Adrichem’s Theatrum Terrae Sanctae (1593). 1020 x 374 mm. Source: Leiden University Libraries, 567 A 4.
	Fig. 12.6. Itinerary of the twelve tribes on their way out of Egyptian Captivity (Exodus) as represented on the map of the Holy Land in Quaresmio’s Elucidatio (1639). Source: Leiden University Libraries, 567 A 7-8.
	Fig. 12.7a. Map of the Holy Land in Roger’s La Terre Sainte (1646). 193 x 135 mm. Source: Leiden University Libraries, 505 F 11.
	Fig. 12.7b. Map of the Holy Land in Surius’s Den Godtvruchtighen Pelgrim (1665). 178 x 248 mm. Source: Leiden University Libraries, 717 G 28.
	Fig. 12.8. Map of the Holy Land in Zwinner’s Blumenbuch des H. Lands Palestinae (1661). 278 x 180 mm. Source: Public domain image from the digital collection of the National Library of Israel, courtesy of Amir Cahanovitc.
	Fig. 12.9. Map of the Holy Land in Gonsales’s Hierusalemsche Reijse (1673). 170 x 135 mm. Source: Leiden University Libraries, 456 B 3-4.
	Fig. 12.10. Map of the Holy Land in Goujon’s Histoire et voyage (1670). 362 x 224 mm. Source: Public domain image from the collection of the National Library of Israel, Eran Laor Cartographic collection.
	Table 4.1. High lordships in the Nijmegen Quarter, c. 1325-1570
	Table 5.1. Summary of differences in the share of the aids of 1383/1386 and 1436-1442, relative to the share of the censuses of 1374 and 1437/1438, respectively. The data are aggregated using the administrative classification of 1383/1386
	Table 5.2. Summary of counted and computed units
	Table 5.3. Summary of the aids in 1383/1386 and 1436-1442, as well as the 100th penny of 1569-1572
	Table 5.4. Differences in the share of the aids of 1383/1386 and 1436-1442, aggregated using the administrative classification of 1383/1386
	Table 8.1. Cities most frequented by Margaret of Austria in percentages of her two regencies (presence above 1% of the regency).
	Table 9.1. Number of coats of arms of different principalities of the Low Countries in armorials
	Table 10.1. Titles used in the genealogies