Conservation of Architectural Heritage (CAH): Developing Sustainable Practices (Advances in Science, Technology & Innovation)

Scientific Committee
Preface
Acknowledgments
Contents
Introductory Chapter
Quality in the Conservation of Architectural Heritage: Methodological Issues for Developing Sustainable Practices
	Abstract
	1	Quality Practices: the Need for a Process-Based View
		1.1	Critical Issues Within the Knowledge Processes
		1.2	Critical Issues Within the Conservation Processes
		1.3	Critical Issues Within the Enhancement Processes
	2	From Separation to Integration, a Holistic Approach
	3	The Common Theoretical Basis for Sustainability and Conservation
	4	Conclusions
	References
The Transcultural Dimension in Heritage Conservation
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Culture and New Paradigms
	3	Culture as a Sustainable Opportunity
	4	Conclusion
	References
Citizens’ Involvement and Their Roles in Conserving Their History
Life and History: Challenges on Urban Conservation and a Possible Solution: Case Studies on Historic Quarters in Beijing and Shanghai, China
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Overview of Urban Conservation
		2.1	Integrated Conservation
		2.2	Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) Approach
		2.3	Development of Urban Conservation Through Comparison
	3	Case Studies on Historic Quarters in Beijing and Shanghai
		3.1	Nan-Luo-Gu-Xiang Historic Quarter, Beijing
		3.2	Tian-Zi-Fang Historic Quarter, Shanghai
	4	Conclusion and Discussion
	References
Art as a Main Tool to Expressing Identity in Architectural Heritage: A Case Study of Fatimid Cairo
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Problem
		1.2	Research Aim and Objectives
		1.3	Research Hypothesis and Questions
		1.4	Methodology
	2	Architectural Heritage Conservation
	3	Art in Architecture
	4	Art Presents the Character of the Artist
	5	Cultural Identity and Art in Architecture
		5.1	Culture
		5.2	Identity
		5.3	Architecture
		5.4	Connecting Culture to Architecture
		5.5	Cultural Identity Through Architecture
		5.6	Role of Culture in Promoting Architectural Identity
		5.7	Cultural Identity Through Art in Architecture
	6	Art as a Tool of Heritage Conservation
	7	Case Study “Fatimid Cairo”
		7.1	Al-Aqmar Mosque
		7.2	Sayyida Ruqayya Mashhad
	8	Conclusion
	9	Results and Recommendations
	References
Framing a Conceptual Approach for Urban Conservation in Historic Cities- A Case of Kuttichira, Kerala
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Literature Background
	3	Conceptual Approach
	4	Case Study: Kuttchira Precinct
	5	Analysis
	6	Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Revitalizing Historic Plazas for Integrated Urban Conservation
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Historic Urban Landscape
	3	Urban Plazas
	4	Historical Plazas
	5	The Role of Historic Public Places in Conserving Historic Living Areas
	6	Urban Revitalization
	7	Typologies of Revitalizing Historic Plazas
	8	Discussion
	9	Conclusion
	References
Heritage Forms and Types of Conservation
Virtual Museumification to Protect and Transmit the Paleo-Christian Heritage of the East Algerian Region
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Diagnosis and Proposal
	3	Conclusion
	References
Design Technics for the Intervention on Architectural Heritage. The Case of the Partial Recomposition of Vaulted Spaces
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Case Studies
		2.1	San Filippo Neri Oratory
		2.2	Chapel of the Counts of Fuensaldaña
		2.3	Church of the Pious Schools of the College of San Fernando
		2.4	St. Peter\'s Basilica
	3	Comparative Study
	4	Conclusions
	References
Preservation and Innovation of the Rinnovata Pizzigoni School, a Symbolic Place of the Early 20th-Century Experimental Pedagogy in Milan
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	The Theoretical and Methodological Approaches
		2.1	Giuseppina Pizzigoni: A Visionary Educator. The Role of the Archive in Supporting the Project
		2.2	The Participatory Process for Improving the School’s Functional Layout
		2.3	The Framework of the Technical Issues and the Main Intervention Strategies
	3	Results
		3.1	Preservation and Innovation in the Functional Layout
		3.2	Technical Solutions for Restoration and Upgrading
	4	Conclusions
	References
The Sub-City: Architectural Conservation as a Series of Experiential Spaces Drawing in Historical Memory in Salvador De Bahia, Brazil
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Memorials
		2.1	The Pelourinho
	3	Adaptive Re-Use
		3.1	Sugar Plantations
			3.1.1 Colonial House 1
		3.2	Quilombos
			3.2.1 Colonial House 2
	4	Conclusion
	References
Documenting the Works of the Philippine National Artists in Architecture
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Objectives and Methodology
		1.2	Scope and Delimitations of the Study
	2	Literature Review
		2.1	An Architectural Renewal
		2.2	Digitally Documenting Architectural Heritage
		2.3	On Digital Materials Associated with Architectural Documentation
		2.4	Integrating with Digital Platform
		2.5	Architectural Digitalization Trends in the Philippines
	3	Analysis
		3.1	Juan Felipe De Jesus Nakpil
		3.2	Pablo Sebero Antonio
		3.3	Leandro Valencia Locsin
		3.4	Ildefonso Paez Santos, Jr.
		3.5	Jose Maria Velez Zaragoza
		3.6	Francisco Tronqued Mañosa
	4	Conclusion and Recommendation
	References
Restoration and Arrangement of Archaeological Remains in the Mediterranean: The Protection of the Testimonies Between Past and Contemporary Experiences
	Abstract
	1	Introduction of Italian Archaeological Investigations in the Mediterranean (Late Nineteenth Century–Beginning of Twentieth Century)
	2	Laws and Papers of Restoration Valid in Italy (End of Nineteenth Century–Half of Twentieth Century)
	3	Excavations and Protection of Archaeological Remains in Crete: Gortina, Festòs, and Haghìa Triàda (1884–1930)
	4	Comparisons with Contemporary Excavations and Accommodation at Cnossos by Arthur Evans
	5	Comparisons Between Contemporary Protection of Archaeological Remains in Italy, Greece, Malta, and Turkey
	6	Final Thoughts
	References
The Accessibility of Archaeological Areas in Urban Contexts: The Valorisation of the Archaeological Areas of San Giorgio and Castello San Pietro in the Wake of the I-Access Project
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	The Current Inaccessibility of the Archaeological Areas of San Giorgio and Castello San Pietro
	3	Related Experiences
	4	A Possible Approach for the Objectification of the Results
	5	Interventions for the Valorisation
	6	Conclusions and Future Perspectives
	References
Multidimensional Approach to Evaluation of Weathering Degree of Lower Plant on Stone Cultural Heritage in Cambodia
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Research Methodology
	3	Results
	4	Conclusion
	References
Activating and Institutionalising Heritage Regulations in Sacred Historic Cities: The Case of Vrindavan, India
	Abstract
	1	Introduction to Heritage and Sacredscape
	2	Urban Heritage and Sacred Cities
	3	An Overview of Tourism in Sacred Heritage Cities
	4	Need for Preservation and Conservation of Sacred Heritage Cities
	5	Sacred Heritage Cities and Tourism in the Context of India
	6	Current Paradigm of Urban Development of Sacred Historic Cities in India
	7	An Assessment of the Institutional Infrastructure for Urban Conservation in India
	8	Research Methodology
	9	Context of Vrindavan
	10	Evolution of Built Environment of Vrindavan’s Heritage Core
	11	Present Condition of Heritage Core of Vrindavan
	12	Existing Government Initiatives in Vrindavan
	13	Identification of Current Paradigm of Urban Conservation Approach in Vrindavan
	14	Proposing the Strategies to Activate Awareness and Enforce Heritage Regulations
	15	Conclusion
	References
Management and Conservation of Architectural Heritage
Development and Application of an Intelligent Modeling Process for Heritage Masonry Structures in BIM Applications: Literature Review
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Methodology
		2.1	Bibliometric Analysis
			2.1.1 Scopus Database
			2.1.2 Web of Science (WoS) Database
			2.1.3 Lens Database
			2.1.4 Dimensions Database
		2.2	Reviewing and Filtering
		2.3	Qualitative Review
			2.3.1 Machine Learning Approaches
			2.3.2 Grades of Generation (GoG) Approaches
			2.3.3 Grasshopper and Rhino Plug-ins Approaches
	3	Results and Discussion
	4	Conclusion
	References
Integrated Urban Conservation Management Framework for M&E-Systems Applying PDCA Method and Logic Model Approach
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Essential Definitions for M&E-Systems in Integrated Urban Planning
		2.1	Monitoring
		2.2	Evaluation
		2.3	System
		2.4	Process
		2.5	Project
		2.6	Program
		2.7	Policy
	3	PDCA Method, Logic Model, and KPI Usage in Urban Conservation
		3.1	PDCA
		3.2	Logic Model
		3.3	KPI
	4	Development of Integrated Urban Conservation Management Framework (IUCMF) as the Basis for Future M&E-Systems
		4.1	Requirements for an Indicator System
		4.2	Requirements for an Integrated Urban Conservation Framework (IUCMF)
		4.3	Function, Structure, and Scope of the Proposed Integrated Urban Conservation Management Framework (IUCMF)
	5	Implications for Future M&E-Systems
	6	Conclusion
	References
Carlo Scarpa in Palermo: Vladimir Zoric and the Restoration Experiences at Palazzo Abatellis and the Transformations of the Steri
	Abstract
	1	Palazzo Abatellis
		1.1	The Exhibition Itinerary
	2	Scarpa’s Contribution to Palazzo Steri
	3	Conclusions
	References
Seismic Reinforcement of Brickwork Shear Walls Using Titanium Rods
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Material and Methods
		2.1	Masonry Material
		2.2	Titanium Rods
	3	Wall Reinforcement
	4	Test Method
	5	Test Results
		5.1	Unreinforced Walls
		5.2	Single-Sided Reinforcement
		5.3	Double-Sided Reinforcement
	6	Conclusions
	References
Conservation of Wooden Built Heritage in Poland—The Current State and Future Challenges
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Historical Types of Wooden Buildings in Poland
	3	The Beginnings of Wooden Building Protection in Poland
	4	Open-Air Museums in Poland—A Short Description
	5	Methods of Conservation Currently Used in Poland
	6	The Methods of Vulnerability Assessment of Wooden Buildings Currently Practiced in Poland
	7	Typical In Situ Methods of Vulnerability Assessment Used in Poland
	8	The Future of Wooden Building Heritage in Poland—Threats Perspectives and Challenges
	9	Conclusions and Directions for Future Action
	References
Turning to History and Science in Order to Preserve Wooden Shingles in Sweden
	Abstract
	1	Introduction to Wooden Shingles
		1.1	The Project Stavspån I Strängnäs Och Västerås Stift (Wooden Shingles in the Dioceses of Strängnäs and Västerås)
	2	Problem Statements
	3	Methods of Investigation
		3.1	Archival Studies
		3.2	Field Work and Workshop Examination
		3.3	Scientific Examinations in Laboratories
	4	Results So Far
		4.1	From the Archives
		4.2	Using Dendrochronology for Dating
		4.3	Field Work Observations
			4.3.1 Location and Roof Inclination
			4.3.2 Substrate
			4.3.3 Quality of Wood and Knowledge of the Craft
			4.3.4 Surface Treatment
			4.3.5 Secrets Behind Shingles Produced Before 1850
	References
Questioning the Rural Architectural Typology and Its Transmission Due to Reuse: The Cases of Guest Houses in Bağlıköy/Ampelikou
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	The Reuse of Vernacular Houses
	3	Methodology
	4	Transmission of the Vernacular Typology Due to Reuse
		4.1	Vineyard House
		4.2	Ambelikou Guest House
	5	Conclusions
	References
“Lessico Famigliare”: Toward a New Paradigm of Spontaneous Rural Architecture in North-Western Sicily: From Historical Testimony of Peasant Culture to Sustainable Resource
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	For a Sensitive Transformation of the Rural Landscape
	3	The Vital Nucleus of Spontaneous Architecture and the Reconstruction of a Story
		3.1	The Temporary Settlement Houses
		3.2	The Small Shelter Houses
	4	Rural Living in the Contemporary World
	5	Conclusions
	References
The Most Common Problems of the Nineteenth-Century and the Early Twentieth-Century Apartment Building Structures and the Possibilities of Their Restoration
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Characteristic Details and Structures
		2.1	Vertical Structures
		2.2	Surface Finishes, Plasters
		2.3	Fillings of Openings
	3	Conclusion
	References
Sustainable Conservation of Built Heritage: Case Studies and Best Practices
Challenges for Sustainable Urban Heritage Conservation in the Twenty-First Century: The French Perspective
	Abstract
	1	The Conservation of the Historic City at Issue
	2	Methodology and Research Objectives
	3	New Challenges for the Historic Cities: An Opportunity to Rethink Urban Heritage Conservation
	4	Urban Heritage Conservation and Sustainability: Divergences and Convergences
	5	Toward the Sustainable Development of Urban Heritage Conservation in France
	6	Need for an Integrated Approach in the Case of the Secteur Sauvegardé of the VII Arrondissement in Paris
	7	Opening and Resistance of the Conservation Sector: A Nuanced Balance
	8	Conclusion
	References
A Methodology Proposal for a Brownfield Redevelopment
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
		1.1	Antalya Kepez Sumerbank Weaving Factory
	2	Methodology
		2.1	Determining the Design Approach
		2.2	Collection, Analysis, and Synthesis of the Data
		2.3	Determining the Aims and Objectives
		2.4	Determining Intervention Areas
		2.5	A Search for Form with the Visual Programming Language and Conceptual Design
		2.6	Layout Plan and Architectural Design
	3	Conclusion
	References
The Recovery of Coastal Flooding Archaeological Heritage Sites Through Nature-Based Solutions and Community Needs
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Study Site
	3	Methodology
	4	Degradation of Coastal Heritage Site
		4.1	Vulnerabilities of Coastal Heritage Site
		4.2	Possible Nature-Based Solutions to Mitigate Vulnerabilities of Coastal Heritage
	5	Model for the Rehabilitation of the Coastal Heritage Site
	6	Conclusion
	References
Microclimatic Monitoring for Archeological Shelters Across Indoor Comfort and Conservation: The Case Study of the Villa del Casale in Piazza Armerina (Sicily, Italy)
	Abstract
	1	Archeological Shelters: A Multifaceted Issue
	2	The Importance of Microclimatic Monitoring in Archeological Shelters
	3	Case Study: The Villa Romana del Casale in Piazza Armerina (Sicily, Italy)
		3.1	The Recovery Intervention
		3.2	Microclimate Monitoring: Aim, Materials, and Methods
		3.3	Results of the Annual Microclimatic Monitoring 2011–2012
	4	Conclusion
	References
Innovating Processes to Mitigate the New Emergencies: Proposal for a Collaborative Approach to Maintenance in the Archaeological Park of Pompei
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Background Scenario
		2.1	COVID-19 Pandemic Impact on the Management and Fruition of Cultural Heritages
		2.2	Strategies for Assets Planned and Participated Maintenance
		2.3	Maintenance Management in the Archaeological Park of Pompeii
	3	Methodology
		3.1	Survey of the Assets for the Fruition of the Protected Heritage: Conditions of Use and Performances Offered
		3.2	Identification of Stackholders
		3.3	Post-pandemic Requirements
		3.4	Requirements for a Web and Mobile Application for an Extended Use
	4	Case Study
		4.1	The System of Building the Fruition of the Archaeological Park of Pompeii
		4.2	Casa di Bacco
	5	Conclusions
	References
Sustainable Conservation of Built Heritage for the Houses Casbah of Algeria: The Case Study of the Casbah of Algeria
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Methodology
	3	Built Heritage Conservation and Sustainable Development
	4	The Casbah and Its Unique Lost Architectural Character
	5	Factors Contributing to the Extinction of the Urban Heritage of the Casbah
	6	The Place of Heritage in Urban Policies
	7	Discourses on the Casbah City: Sustainable Development and Conservation of Built Heritage
	8	Recommendations
	9	Conclusion
	References
A Model of Functional-Spatial Transformation of Medieval Urban Structure. The Example of Krosno in the Subcarpathia in Poland
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Methods
	3	Planning Conditions
	4	Literature of the Subject Synthesis
	5	Historical Background of the City of Krosno
	6	Development of the Spatial Layout of Krosno
	7	Inventory of Krosno on the First Military Map (1779–1783) and on the Cadastral Plan from the Nineteenth Century
	8	The Historical Layout of Krosno Today—Selected Aspects of the Urban Analysis
	9	Summary and Conclusions
	References
The Value and the Significant of the Conservation of Heritage Sites
Knowing is Saving: Italian Architecture in Libya and the Case of Benghazi Cathedral
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Italian Colonial Architecture in Libya
	3	Knowing is Saving: An Overview of the Old City of Benghazi
	4	Case Study: Benghazi Cathedral
		4.1	Construction History of Benghazi Cathedral
		4.2	Cathedral Design, Construction Techniques, and Materials
		4.3	State of Conservation
		4.4	Hypothesis for the Conservation, Reuse, and Accessibility of the Cathedral
	5	Conclusions
	References
Hebron’s Old Markets Among Past and Present
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	A Brief History of Hebron
	3	The Economic Foundations of Hebron Old City
	4	The Markets Structure
		4.1	Markets in the Mameluke Era
		4.2	Markets in the Ottoman Era
	5	The Hotels (Khans)
	6	Challenges Facing the Markets of the Old City
	7	Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
The Preservation of the Heritage Value of Territories Related to Production Landscapes. The Case of Sancti Petri, Cádiz (Spain)
	Abstract
	1	Introduction and Issue
	2	Sancti Petri
	3	Research Proposal
	References
Approaching Heritage Preservation for Future Generations
	Abstract
	1	Introduction
	2	Definitions of Cultural Heritage
	3	Whose Heritage?
	4	The Five (Dis)Incentives
	5	Conclusion
	References
Mapping the Role of Jordan’s Governmental Institutions and NGOs in the Inscription of As-Salt City on the UNESCO World Heritage
	Abstract
	Acronyms and Abbreviations
	1	Introduction
	2	Methodology
	3	As-Salt City Nomination on the WHL
		3.1	(1993–1994): The First Attempt to Nominate the City on the WHL by the Royal Scientific Society (RSS)
		3.2	(2003–2004): The Second Attempt to Nominate the City on the WHL by the Japanese International Cooperation Agency (JICA)
		3.3	(2014–2017): Municipality-Led Application to Nominate As-Salt on the WHL and Mega-Scale Urban Regeneration Projects
		3.4	(2019–2021): The Successful Inscription on the UNESCO WHL Led by As-Salt Authorities
	4	Investigating Key Stakeholders’ Perspectives Towards the World Heritage Nomination in November 2020
	5	Results
	6	Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Governmental and Non-governmental Organizations and the Management Process of Historic Cities in Algeria
	Abstract
	List of Acronyms
	1	Introduction
	2	The Legislative and Institutional Framework of Safeguarded Sectors in Algeria and the Various Stakeholders
	3	The Case of the Old Town of Sidi El Houari: Stakeholders and Institutions
	4	Toward Better Government Policy and Effective Stakeholder Engagement
	5	Conclusion
	References