Computer Vision and Robotics. Proceedings of CVR 2021

Preface
Contents
About the Editors
1 AI Techniques for Swedish Leaf Classification
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Preprocessing
		3.2 Training Methods
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
2 Designing a Recommender System for Articles Using Implicit Feedback
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Exploratory Data Analysis
		3.3 Data Preprocessing
	4 Model Building
		4.1 Bayesian Personalized Ranking
		4.2 Logistic Matrix Factorization (LMF)
		4.3 Alternating Least Squares
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
3 Personality Prediction Based on Twitter Tweets
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Dataset Description
		3.2 Exploratory Data Analysis
		3.3 Data Preprocessing
		3.4 Model Building
	4 Improving the Model
		4.1 Without Splitting Target Class
		4.2 Splitting the Target Class into Four Binary Classes
	5 Results and Discussion
	6 Conclusion
	References
4 Music Therapy for Mood Transformation Based on Deep Learning Framework
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Approach
		2.1 Preprocessing
		2.2 Feature Extraction and Classification
	3 Experimental Work
		3.1 Details of the Dataset
		3.2 Performance Evaluation of the Proposed Approach
	4 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
5 Rice Crop Diseases and Pest Detection Using Edge Detection Techniques and Convolution Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Different Types of Rice Diseases and Pests
		2.1 Leaf Blast
		2.2 Brown Spot
		2.3 Hispa
	3 Literature Survey
	4 Image Dataset Used
	5 Methodologies and Models Used for Disease Detection
		5.1 Convolution Neural Networks (CNN)
		5.2 VGG16
		5.3 GoogLeNet Model
		5.4 Edge Detection (ED) Techniques
	6 Result Analysis
	7 Conclusion
	References
6 Spatial Analyses of Cyclone Amphan Induced Flood Inundation Mapping Using Sentinel-1A SAR Images Through GEE Cloud
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Dataset’s Description and Preprocessing
		2.2 Validation of Flooding Map
	3 Results
		3.1 Detection of Cyclone Amphan Flooding
		3.2 Impact of Flood Inundation
		3.3 Multicollinearity Analysis
		3.4 Validation of Flood Inundation Area
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
7 Classification Through Data Mining Algorithm
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Overview
	3 Logistic Regression Model
	4 Decision Tree Model
		4.1 Creation of Decision Tree
		4.2 Structure of Decision Tree
		4.3 Issues Related with a Decision Tree
	5 Data
	6 Methodology
	7 Results
	8 Conclusion
	Appendix
	References
8 Early Detection of Diabetic Retinopathy Using Multimodal Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Algorithm
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
9 Intelligent Techniques for Crowd Detection and People Counting—A Systematic Study
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Crowd Detection on the Basis of Machine Learning
		2.2 Crowd Detection on the Basis of Deep Learning
		2.3 Crowd Detection on the Basis of Image Processing
	3 Comparative Analysis of Existing Techniques for Crowd Detection and People Counting
	4 Datasets for Crowd Scene Analysis
	5 Open Issues and Challenges
	6 Proposed Methodology
	7 Conclusion
	References
10 Twitter Sentiment Analysis of Public Opinion on COVID-19 Vaccines
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Objective
		1.2 Motivation
	2 Literature Review on Content Analysis
		2.1 Text Mining/Opinion Mining
		2.2 Twitter
		2.3 Twitter Sentiment Analysis
		2.4 Topic Modeling
		2.5 Techniques of Sentiment Analysis
		2.6 Python
	3 Problem Statement
	4 Methodology
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
11 Drone Usage in Delivery of Vaccines in Indian Scenario
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Working of Drones
	2 Literature Survey on Different Applications of Drones
		2.1 Drone Classification Based on Their Size
	3 Case Study of Usage of Drones in Implementing and Monitoring Lockdown During COVID-19 Pandemic
		3.1 Usage of Drone in Monitoring People with High Temperature and Their Movement
		3.2 Usage of Drone in Fighting Against Prevention
		3.3 Applications of Drone Technology in Health Sector
		3.4 Drones Use as Medical Transport Systems
	4 Discussion and Challenges of Usage of Drones in Support of COVID-19 Pandemic
		4.1 Delivering COVID-19 Vaccine via Drone
		4.2 Delivery of Vaccine Using Drones in India
		4.3 Whether the Drone Will Help in Delivering COVID Vaccines
		4.4 Important Question to Be Answered is
		4.5 Major Criteria for Feasibility Analysis
		4.6 Challenges
	5 Conclusion
	References
12 HOG-Based Object Detection Toward Soccer Playing Robots
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 The Proposed System
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Feature Extraction
		3.3 Classification
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
13 Randomized Pixel Selection for Concealing the AES Encrypted Text Message Inside a Video File
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Encrypting the Text
		3.2 Selecting the Frames and Pixels
		3.3 Embedding the Text Bits into the Pixel Values
		3.4 Combining the Frames
		3.5 Extraction of Text from the Video
	4 Result and Analysis
	5 Conclusion
	6 Future Scope
	References
14 Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection Using ASDsfMRI
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Comparative Analysis
		3.1 Comparative Analysis of Various MRI-Based ASD Detection Techniques
		3.2 Relative Comparison of Existing MRI-Based Autism Spectrum Disorder Detection Techniques
	4 Open Gaps and Challenges
	5 Proposed ASDsfMRI
		5.1 Structural MRI Analysis
		5.2 Functional MRI Analysis:
		5.3 sMRI and fMRI Fusion
		5.4 Prediction Model
	6 Conclusion
	References
15 Composition of Robotic Arm Control and Color Identification Using Machine Learning Algorithm
	1 Robotics-An Overview
		1.1 Arm Control
	2 Methodology
	3 Proposed Work
		3.1 Design Specification
		3.2 Color Detection Using Machine Learning Algorithm
	4 Conclusion
	References
16 Vacation Advisor Based on Dynamic Ratings
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Models
		3.1 Location-Based R Tree Representation for Eliciting Neighborhood Places
		3.2 Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) Representation for Sentiment Analysis
		3.3 Long Short-Term Memory Network (LSTM) Representation for Sentiment Analysis
	4 Evaluation
		4.1 SQLAlchemy Database for Data Representation
		4.2 Selenium Representation for Web Scraping
		4.3 LSTM Model Training
	5 Conclusion
	References
17 Transfer Learning Based Multiclass Classification for COVID-19 Detection Using Chest X-Rays
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Methodology
		3.1 Stage 1: Data Preprocessing and Feature Extractor
		3.2 Stage 2: Fine-Tuning and Classifier Stage
	4 Implementation Details
		4.1 Dataset
		4.2 Environment Setup
		4.3 Training Hyperparameters
		4.4 Performance Parameters
	5 Results and Analysis
	6 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
18 Predicting Forest Cover Change in Middle Atlas Morocco: A Logistic–CA–Markov Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Description of the Study Areas
		2.2 Used Data and Predictive Variables (Driving Forces)
		2.3 Preprocessing and Classification
		2.4 Pearson’s r
		2.5 Methods
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 Forest Species Cover Change and Transition Probability Matrix (Markov Chain)
		3.2 Model Comparison and Prediction for 2032
	4 Conclusion
	References
19 Leaf Image-Based Plant Disease Diagnosing CNN Compression Using Network Pruning and Weight Clustering
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 CNN Compression
		2.2 CNN for Leave Disease Classification
		2.3 Dataset
	3 Process
		3.1 CNN Model
		3.2 Pruning
		3.3 Weight Clustering
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
20 Amharic Handwritten Document Recognition using Deep Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Model
		3.1 Image Acquisition
		3.2 Preprocessing
		3.3 Segmentation
		3.4 Feature Extraction and Classification
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Comparison Results
		4.2 Results
		4.3 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
21 HsvGvas: HSV Color Model to Recognize Greenness of Forest Land for the Estimation of Change in the Vegetation Areas
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Proposed Work
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
22 Gender Classification Using Gait Energy Images and One Shot Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Gait Biometrics
		2.1 Model Based Approach
		2.2 Model Free Approach
	3 Recent Works Done in Gender Classification
	4 Gait Energy Image Generation
	5 Method I: Deep Neural Network
		5.1 Degradation Problem
	6 Method II: Cosine Similarity
	7 Method III: One Shot Learning
	8 Experimental Result
	9 Conclusion
	References
23 Minimization of Ambulance Response Time Using Image Processing and Critical Path Mapping Based on Traffic Control
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Generic Object Detection
		3.2 Traffic Sign Detection
		3.3 Proposed Solution
		3.4 Ambulance Detection
		3.5 Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN)
	4 Architecture
	5 Result
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
24 Opinion Spamming: Fake Consumer Review Detection
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Data Processing
		3.2 Feature Engineering
		3.3 Pre-Processing
		3.4 Self-Learning and Word Standardization
		3.5 Algorithms
	4 System Architecture
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
25 Content Based Image Retrieval Based on Deep Learning Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Model
		2.1 Self-built CNN Model
		2.2 The Proposed CNN Model for the Image Retrieval
		2.3 Search by Image
	3 Experiments
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Result
	4 Conclusion
	References
26 Automatic Driving System by Recognizing Road Signs Using Digital Image Processing
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Architecture
	5 Result
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
27 Improved Hate Speech Detection System Using Multi-layers Hybrid Machine Learning Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Proposed Approach
		3.1 Data Collection
		3.2 Imbalance Dataset
		3.3 Data Pre-processing
		3.4 Feature Extraction
		3.5 Proposed Model
	4 Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
28 Design of Artificial Intelligence-Based Hybrid MPPT Controllers for Partially Shaded Solar PV System with Non-isolated Boost Converter
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Design of PV Cell
		2.1 Explanation of PV Shading
	3 Design and Analysis of GA-Tuned PI-Based ANN Controller
		3.1 Estimation of Maximum Reference Voltage of Solar PV
	4 Design of High Voltage Gain Boost Converter
	5 Simulation Results
		5.1 Performance Analysis of PV Shading
	6 Conclusion
	References
29 Deep Learning-Based Yoga Learning Application
	1 Introduction
	2 Yoga: Importance, Hurdles and Solution
		2.1 Why Yoga Is Critically Important and Related Problems?
		2.2 Techniques to Address the Issue
	3 Related Work
	4 Proposed Methodology
		4.1 Dataset Collection and Preparation
		4.2 Architecture
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
30 Design and Analysis of an Adaptive Soft Computing Power Point Tracing Techniques for Time-Varying Irradiation Condition of Solar PV
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Design of Solar PV Cell
	3 Metaheuristic MPPT Algorithms
		3.1 Adaptive Particle Swarm Optimization MPPT Technique
		3.2 Adaptive Cuckoo Search-Based MPPT Technique
	4 Analysis of Simulation Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
31 Analysis of Coronavirus Spread Across the Globe
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Key Findings and Results
	4 Conclusion
	Annexure 1
	Annexure 2
	References
32 A Review on the Hybridization of Fuzzy Systems and Machine Learning Techniques
	1 Introduction
	2 Fuzzy Systems
	3 Machine Learning
		3.1 K-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN)
		3.2 Bayesian Network
		3.3 Artificial Neural Network
		3.4 Decision Tree
		3.5 Support Vector Machine (SVM)
	4 Integration of Fuzzy Systems and Machine Learning
	5 Comparative Performance Analysis and Research Directions
	6 Conclusion
	References
33 A Survey on Fuzzy Systems Optimization Using Evolutionary Algorithms and Swarm Intelligence
	1 Introduction
	2 Fundamentals of Fuzzy Systems, Genetic Algorithm and Swarm Intelligence
		2.1 Description of Fuzzy Rule Based System
		2.2 Evolutionary Algorithm/ Genetic Algorithm
		2.3 Swarm Intelligence
	3 Review on the Crossroads of Fuzzy Systems, Genetic Algorithms and Swarm Intelligence
		3.1 Fuzzy System Interpretability-Accuracy Trade-Off Using Evolutionary Multi-objective Fuzzy System
		3.2 Fuzzy System Optimization Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)
		3.3 Fuzzy System Optimization Using Ant Colony Optimization (ACO)
		3.4 Fuzzy System Optimization Using Artificial Bee Colony (ABC) Optimization
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
34 Type-II Fuzzy-Based Guava Fruit Image Enhancement
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Type-II Fuzzy for Image Enhancement
	4 Performance Metrics
		4.1 Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR)
		4.2 Structural Similarity Index Metric (SSIM)
	5 Experimental Results
		5.1 Visual Analysis
		5.2 Quantitative Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
35 A Proposal of Systematic SMS Spam Detection Model Using Supervised Machine Learning Classifiers
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Datasets
		3.2 Model Procedure
	4 Performance Evaluation and Discussion
		4.1 Performance Metrics
		4.2 Evaluation Classifiers
		4.3 Plot ROC and Compare AUROC
		4.4 Performance Metrics Curve
	5 Conclusion and Future Scope
	References
36 A Novel Deep ConvNets Architecture for Traffic Sign Recognition
	1 Introduction
	2 Convolutional Neural Network
	3 Experiment
		3.1 The Proposed Convolutional Neural Network Architecture
		3.2 German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark Dataset
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
37 Application of GWO and TLBO Algorithms for PID Tuning in Hybrid Renewable Energy System
	1 Introduction
	2 System Modelling
		2.1 Photovoltaic Power Generator (PVPG)
		2.2 Wind-Driven Power Generator (WDPG)
		2.3 Aqua Electrolyzer (AE)
		2.4 Fuel Cell (FC)
		2.5 Flywheel Energy Storage System (FES)
		2.6 Battery Energy Storage System (BES)
		2.7 Diesel Engine-Driven Generator System (DEDG)
		2.8 Generator Load System
	3 Proposed Descriptive Configuration of HRES
	4 Grey Wolf Optimization (GWO)
	5 Teaching Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO)
	6 Algorithm Selection for the Proposed Model
	7 Result and Discussion
	8 Conclusion
	References
38 Significance of Fuzzy Logic in the Medical Science
	1 Introduction
	2 Problems in the Medical Science
	3 Assistance of Fuzzy Logic
	4 Research Methodology
	5 Diseases and Fuzzy Logic
		5.1 COVID-19 and Fuzzy Logic
		5.2 Heart Disease and Fuzzy Logic
		5.3 Thyroid and Fuzzy Logic
		5.4 Breast Cancer and Fuzzy Logic
		5.5 Lung Cancer and Fuzzy Logic
		5.6 Fuzzy Modeling and Limitations
	6 Future Model of Fuzzy Logic
	7 Conclusion
	References
39 A New Approach for Unified Characters Cluster Segmentation of Ancient Handwritten Modi Documents
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Survey
	3 System Framework
		3.1 Preprocessing
		3.2 Segmentation
		3.3 Post-processing
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	References
40 Support Vector Machine Performance Improvements for Cryptocurrency Value Forecasting by Enhanced Sine Cosine Algorithm
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Objective
		1.2 Paper Structure
	2 Overview of Related Research
	3 Suggested Algorithm
		3.1 Support Vector Machine
	4 Preparation and Analysis of the Experiment
	5 Conclusion
	References
41 Dung Beetle-Inspired Local Search  in PSO for LSSMTWTS Problem
	1 Introduction
	2 Brief Description of PSOA
	3 Dung Beetle-Inspired PSOA
	4 Description of LSSMTWT Scheduling Problem
	5 DBPSO for LSSMTWTSP
		5.1 Population Initialization
		5.2 PSO Stage
		5.3 Dung Beetle Stage
	6 Results Analysis and Discussion
		6.1 Experimental Setting
	7 Conclusion
	References
Author Index