Computational Intelligence Applied to Inverse Problems in Radiative Transfer

Foreword
Preface
Preface of the Original Version in Portuguese
Acknowledgments
Contents
Editors and Contributors
	About the Editors
	Contributors
List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
Nomenclature
1 Introduction
2 Radiative Transfer
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Mathematical Formulation of the Radiative Transfer Problem
		2.2.1 One-Dimensional Homogeneous Participating Medium
		2.2.2 Two-Layer One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Participating Medium
	2.3 Solution of the Radiative Transfer Problem
		2.3.1 One-Dimensional Homogeneous Participating Medium
		2.3.2 Two-Layer One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Participating Medium
	2.4 Final Remarks
3 Inverse Problems in Radiative Transfer: An Implicit Formulation
	3.1 What Is an Inverse Problem?
	3.2 An Implicit Formulation for the Inverse Problem
	3.3 Experimental Data
	3.4 Solution of the Inverse Problem with the Levenberg–Marquardt Method (LM)
	3.5 Final Remarks
4 Computational Intelligence in Optimization Problems
	4.1 Basic Concepts in Optimization
		4.1.1 Heuristics and Metaheuristics
			Metaheuristic Classification
	4.2 Artificial Intelligence
	4.3 Computational Intelligence
	4.4 Final Remarks
5 Simulated Annealing
	5.1 Method Motivation and History
	5.2 Algorithm Description
	5.3 Application of SA to the Inverse Problem of Radiative Transfer
	5.4 Final Remarks
6 Genetic Algorithms
	6.1 Method Motivation and History
	6.2 Algorithm Description
		6.2.1 Selection
		6.2.2 Crossover
		6.2.3 Mutation
		6.2.4 Determination of the Binary String Size
		6.2.5 Algorithm
	6.3 Application of GA to the Inverse Problem of Radiative Transfer
	6.4 Final Remarks
7 Artificial Neural Networks
	7.1 Method Motivation and History
		7.1.1 Model of an Artificial Neuron
		7.1.2 Neural Processing
		7.1.3 Multilayer Perceptron
	7.2 Algorithm Description
	7.3 Application of ANNs to the Inverse Problemof Radiative Transfer
	7.4 Final Remarks
8 Ant Colony Optimization
	8.1 Method Motivation and History
	8.2 Algorithm Description
	8.3 Application of ACO to the Inverse Problem ofRadiative Transfer
		8.3.1 Inverse Problem Taken as an Example
		8.3.2 Application of ACO to the Chosen Inverse Problem
		8.3.3 Numerical Results of the Application of the ACO to the Inverse Problem Example
		8.3.4 Numerical Results of the Application of the ACO Hybridization with the Levenberg–Marquardt Method to the Inverse Problem Example
	8.4 Final Remarks
9 Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm
	9.1 Method Motivation and History
	9.2 Algorithm Description
	9.3 Application of ABC to the Inverse Problemof Radiative Transfer
	9.4 Final Remarks
10 Particle Swarm Optimization
	10.1 Method Motivation and History
		10.1.1 Sociocognitive Bases
	10.2 Algorithm Description
		10.2.1 Implementation
		10.2.2 Some PSO Variants
			PSO with Inertia
			PSO with Turbulence
	10.3 Application of PSO to the Inverse Problem of Radiative Transfer
	10.4 Final Remarks
11 Generalized Extremal Optimization
	11.1 Method Motivation and History
	11.2 Algorithm Description
		11.2.1 The Simplified Bak-Sneppen Evolution Model
		11.2.2 The Canonical GEO
		11.2.3 A Simple Example of Using the Canonical GEO
	11.3 Application of GEO to the Inverse Problemof Radiative Transfer
	11.4 Final Remarks
12 Particle Collision Algorithm
	12.1 Method Motivation and History
	12.2 Algorithm Description
		12.2.1 The Canonical Version
		12.2.2 Some Considerations About New Versions of PCA
			Multi-Particle Collision Algorithm
	12.3 Application of PCA to the Inverse Problemof Radiative Transfer
		12.3.1 One-Dimensional Homogeneous Participating Medium
		12.3.2 Two-Layer One-dimensional Heterogeneous Participating Medium
	12.4 Final Remarks
13 Differential Evolution
	13.1 Method Motivation and History
	13.2 Algorithm Description
		13.2.1 DE Method Initialization
		13.2.2 The Mutation Operator
		13.2.3 The Crossover Operator
		13.2.4 The Selection Operator
		13.2.5 Stopping Criterion and Recommendation of Control Parameters
	13.3 Application of DE to the Inverse Problem of Radiative Transfer
		13.3.1 One-Dimensional Homogeneous Participating Medium
			Formulation of the Inverse Problem
		13.3.2 Two-Layer One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Participating Medium
			Formulation of the Inverse Problem
	13.4 Final Remarks
14 Luus-Jaakola Method
	14.1 Method Motivation and History
	14.2 Algorithm Description
	14.3 Application of LJ to the Inverse Problem of Radiative Transfer
		14.3.1 One-Dimensional Homogeneous Participating Medium
		14.3.2 Two-Layer One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Participating Medium
	14.4 Final Remarks
15 Firefly Algorithm
	15.1 Method Motivation and History
	15.2 Algorithm Description
		15.2.1 Fireflies with Predation (Epidemic): FAEP
		15.2.2 Fireflies with Fuzzy Strategy (Fuzzy and Center of Mass): FAcom
	15.3 Application of FA to the Inverse Problem of Radiative Transfer
		15.3.1 One-Dimensional Homogeneous Participating Medium
		15.3.2 Two-Layer One-Dimensional Heterogeneous Participating Medium
	15.4 Final Remarks
16 Application Projects
17 Final Remarks
References
Index