Composite Materials in Maritime Structures, Volume 1 (Cambridge Ocean Technology Series (No. 4))

Cover......Page 1
Frontmatter......Page 4
Contents......Page 8
Preface......Page 14
List of Authors......Page 17
1.1 Introduction to Plastics......Page 18
1.2 Marine Applications......Page 23
1.3 Materials Technology......Page 24
1.4 Design Technology......Page 26
1.5 Production Technology......Page 27
1.6 The Future......Page 30
2.1 Clarification of What are Composites......Page 33
2.2 Fibre Selection......Page 36
2.3 Matrices......Page 45
2.4 Deformation Limits of FRP......Page 52
2.5 Optimising of Fibres and Resins......Page 55
2.6 Core and Sandwich Structures......Page 57
2.7 References......Page 60
3.2 Durability in a Marine Environment......Page 61
3.3 Chemical Resistance/Safety and Health......Page 83
3.4 Fire and Temperature Resistance......Page 89
3.5 References......Page 100
4.1 Introduction......Page 103
4.2 The Resin Transfer Moulding Technique......Page 104
4.3 Fluid Dynamics of the Flow of a Liquid Through a Porous Material......Page 106
4.4 Mould Filling Process......Page 107
4.5 The Influence of Mould Flexibility on the Filling Process......Page 120
4.6 Permeability of Fibre Materials......Page 123
4.7 Flow Front Simulation......Page 127
4.8 Production of Moulds with the Vacuum Film Injection Technique......Page 135
4.9 Preforms......Page 139
4.10 Variants of the RTM Technique......Page 141
4.11 Effects of Reaction Shrinkage of the Resin On Surface Quality of Products......Page 142
4.13 References......Page 143
5.2 Volume and Weight Fractions......Page 144
5.3 Longitudinal Strength and Stiffness......Page 146
5.4 Transverse Stiffness......Page 147
5.5 Prediction of Shear Modulus......Page 149
5.7 Alternative Approaches to Prediction of Constants......Page 151
5.8 Practical Considerations......Page 154
5.9 References......Page 157
6.1 Introduction......Page 159
6.2 Generalised Hooke's Law......Page 162
6.3 Material Symmetry......Page 164
6.4 Engineering Constants......Page 168
6.5 Relations between Engineering Constants and Stiffness/Compliance......Page 170
6.6 Plane Stress......Page 172
6.7 Restrictions on Elastic constants......Page 174
6.8 Transformation of Elastic Constants in a Plane......Page 176
6.9 Stress-Strain Variation in a Lamina......Page 184
6.10 Bibliography......Page 188
7.1 Introduction: Laminate Constructions......Page 189
7.2 Classical Laminate Theory......Page 191
7.3 Determination of Laminae Stresses and Strains......Page 196
7.4 Coupling Effects......Page 199
7.5 Construction and Properties of Special Laminates......Page 203
7.6 Hygrothermal Stresses in Laminates......Page 211
7.7 Interlaminar Stresses and Free Edge Effects......Page 216
7.9 References......Page 221
8.1 Introduction......Page 222
8.2 Bending of Beams......Page 224
8.3 Overview of Regimes of Sandwich Behaviour......Page 236
8.4 Sandwich Panels (Plates)......Page 244
8.5 Sandwich Panel (Plate) Equations......Page 248
8.6 References......Page 252
9.1 Introduction......Page 253
9.2 Loading and Load Factors......Page 254
9.3 Design of Panels under Lateral Load......Page 255
9.4 Design of Panels under In-Plane Loading......Page 263
9.6 Combined Loading......Page 269
9.7 References......Page 271
10.2 Background to FE Techniques......Page 272
10.3 The Stifftiess Method......Page 279
10.4 Matrices for Typical Elements......Page 281
10.5 Higher Order/Complex Elements......Page 288
10.6 References......Page 296
11.1 Introduction......Page 297
11.2 Unidirectional Composites......Page 298
11.3 Plain Laminates......Page 302
11.4 Laminates with Stress Concentrations......Page 308
11.5 Fatigue and Environmental Effect......Page 318
11.6 Conclusions......Page 321
11.8 References......Page 322
12.2 Failure Theories and Criteria......Page 325
12.3 Failure in Single Skin Laminates......Page 327
12.4 Sandwich Structures......Page 329
12.5 References......Page 332
13.1 Introduction......Page 333
13.2 Standards Development and Validation......Page 334
13.3 Test Panel and Specimen Manufacture......Page 336
13.4 Component Fractions and Thickness Measurement......Page 337
13.5 Tensile Properties......Page 340
13.6 Compressive Properties......Page 342
13.7 Flexural Properties......Page 345
13.8 Interlaminar Shear Properties......Page 347
13.9 In-Plane Shear Properties......Page 350
13.11 Environmental and Long-Term Test Conditions......Page 352
13.13 References......Page 356
Appendix......Page 358
Index......Page 365