Complex Networks and Their Applications XI: Proceedings of The Eleventh International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications: COMPLEX NETWORKS 2022—Volume 1

Organization and Committees
Preface
Contents
Information Spreading in Social Media
Cognitive Cascades within Media Ecosystems: Simulating Fragmentation, Selective Exposure and Media Tactics to Investigate Polarization
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 Media Ecosystem
		2.2 Opinion Diffusion Models
	3 Static Media Ecosystem Model
		3.1 Review of Cognitive Cascade Model
		3.2 Extension to Model the Media Ecosystem
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Institutional Belief Distributions
		4.2 Media Messaging Patterns
		4.3 Graph topologies and homophily
		4.4 Parameters of Fragmentation and Selective Exposure
		4.5 Measures of Polarization
	5 Results
		5.1 Fragmentation and Exposure do not Cause Polarization
		5.2 Most Appeals that Adjust to Subscriber Beliefs Fail to Polarize
	6 Discussion
	References
Properties of Reddit News Topical Interactions
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Experimental Setup
	4 Results
		4.1 Overview of the Experiments
		4.2 Quantifying Interactions
	5 Conclusion
	References
Will You Take the Knee? Italian Twitter Echo Chambers' Genesis During EURO 2020
	1 Introduction
	2 EURO 2020: Beyond the Sportive Event
	3 The Online Debate: Will You Take the Knee?
	4 Echo Chambers: From Global to Local
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Simple Model of Knowledge Scaffolding
	1 Introduction
	2 The Model
	3 Numerical Results
	4 Markov Birth-Death Approach
	5 Conclusions
	References
Using Knowledge Graphs to Detect Partisanship in Online Political Discourse
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Data
	3 Methods
		3.1 Knowledge Graph Generation
		3.2 Training Embeddings
		3.3 Detecting Partisanship
		3.4 Evaluation
	4 Results
	5 Discussion
	6 Appendix
		6.1 Key Terms
		6.2 Relation Types
	References
The wisdom_of_crowds: An Efficient, Philosophically-Validated, Social Epistemological Network Profiling Toolkit
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Methods
		2.1 Core Concepts
		2.2 Sullivan et al. (2020)'s Operationalizations
		2.3 Caveats and Considerations
		2.4 Our Re-implementation
	3 Experimental Results
		3.1 Efficiency Tests
		3.2 Application on Social Network Data: BLM on Twitter
		3.3 Application on Communication Network Data: email-Eu-core
	4 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Opening up Echo Chambers via Optimal Content Recommendation
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Literature
	3 Problem Statement
		3.1 Dataset
		3.2 Echo Chambers
		3.3 Promoting Content Diversity
	4 Theoretical Model
		4.1 Introducing Opinions
		4.2 Comparison with Empirical Results
	5 Maximising Content Diversity
	6 Results
	7 Conclusion
	References
Change My Mind: Data Driven Estimate of Open-Mindedness from Political Discussions
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Analyzing the Political Debate Online
	4 Political Leaning: Stability and Open-Mindedness
	5 Conclusions
	References
The Effects of Message Sorting in the Diffusion of Information in Online Social Media
	1 Introduction
	2 The Model and Numerical Results
	3 Conclusions
	References
Gradual Network Sparsification and Georeferencing for Location-Aware Event Detection in Microblogging Services
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Method
	4 Results
		4.1 Experimental Setting
		4.2 Effect on Gradual Network Sparsification on Event Detection
		4.3 Localising Events
		4.4 Hierachical Sub-event Structures
	5 Conclusion
	References
Manipulation During the French Presidential Campaign: Coordinated Inauthentic Behaviors and Astroturfing Analysis on Text and Images
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Data
		1.2 French Political Landscape
	2 Astroturfing Criterion and Definition of Communities
	3 Results
		3.1 Intra-community Dynamics
		3.2 Co-retweet Graphs
		3.3 Identical Tweets
		3.4 Identical Images
	4 Discussion
	References
Modeling Human Behavior
Lexical Networks Constructed to Correspond to Students' Short Written Responses: A Quantum Semantic Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods and Materials
		2.1 Word Co-occurrence Counts and Concurrence
		2.2 Constructing Lexicons
		2.3 Finding Key-Terms
		2.4 Similarity Comparison
	3 Results
	4 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Attributed Stream-Hypernetwork Analysis: Homophilic Behaviors in Pairwise and Group Political Discussions on Reddit
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Attributed Stream-Hypergraphs
	4 Experiments
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Individual Fairness for Social Media Influencers
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Model
		3.1 Recommendation Function
		3.2 Metrics of Interest
	4 Results
		4.1 An Absorbing Markov Chain
		4.2 Expected Time to Absorption
		4.3 Fairness for Content Creators
	5 Conclusion
	References
Multidimensional Online American Politics: Mining Emergent Social Cleavages in Social Graphs
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Social Network Data
	4 Homophily Network Embedding
	5 Mining Cleavage Dimensions
	6 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Classical and Quantum Random Walks to Identify Leaders in Criminal Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Classical and Quantum Random Walk Centrality Measures
		2.1 Classical Random Walks
		2.2 Quantum Random Walks
		2.3 Random Walk Occupation Centralities
	3 Methods and Results
	4 Conclusions and Discussion
	References
Random Walk for Generalization in Goal-Directed Human Navigation on Wikipedia
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Evaluation
	4 Discussion
		4.1 Metrics
		4.2 Model Validation and Comparison
	5 Conclusion
	References
Sometimes Less Is More: When Aggregating Networks Masks Effects
	1 Introduction
	2 Empirical Studies of Social Network Diffusion
	3 Different Tie Types Generate Different Networks
	4 Theory
	5 Simulated Networks
	6 Conclusion
	References
An Adaptive Network Model Simulating the Effects of Different Culture Types and Leader Qualities on Mistake Handling and Organisational Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Background Literature
	3 Methodology: Self-Modeling Networks
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Discussion
	References
Biological Networks
Modeling of Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Using Dynamic Random Networks in an ABM Framework
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Historical Background and Conceptual Framework
		1.2 Agent-Based Modeling
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Implementation of HWE NetLogo Model
		2.2 Statistical Tests and Computer Simulations
	3 Results
		3.1 The Hardy-Weinberg Basic Model
		3.2 Time to Fixation of a New Neutral Allele
	4 Discussion
	References
COMBO: A Computational Framework to Analyze RNA-seq and Methylation Data Through Heterogeneous Multi-layer Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Pipeline Design
		2.2 Colon Cancer Case Study
		2.3 Lung Cancer Case Study
		2.4 Data Analysis
	3 Results and Discussion
		3.1 TCGA-COAD Results
		3.2 TCGA-LUNG Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Network-based Approach for Inferring Thresholds in Co-expression Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
		2.1 Correlation Metrics
		2.2 Gene Co-expression Networks
		2.3 Hierarchical Classification
	3 Co-expression Network Construction
		3.1 Relationship between Threshold and Network Density
		3.2 Threshold Inference
		3.3 Co-expression in Rice
	4 Case Study: Gene Function Prediction
	5 Related Work and Concluding Remarks
	References
Building Differential Co-expression Networks with Variable Selection and Regularization
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Differential Co-expression Network
		2.2 Co-expression Network Construction with Lasso
		2.3 Overlapping Clustering with ANGEL
		2.4 Functional Enrichment
	3 Case Study
		3.1 Association Network Construction with Lasso
		3.2 Identification of Co-expression Modules
		3.3 Gene Selection
	4 Concluding Remarks
	References
Inferring Probabilistic Boolean Networks from Steady-State Gene Data Samples
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Preliminaries
		3.1 Boolean Networks
		3.2 Probabilistic Boolean Networks
		3.3 State Transition Graphs
		3.4 Microarray Gene Data Samples
		3.5 Coefficient of Determination
		3.6 Discretisation
	4 Inference of PBNs
	5 Analysis
	6 Evaluation
	7 Conclusion
	References
Quantifying High-Order Interactions in Complex Physiological Networks: A Frequency-Specific Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 O-Information Rate
	3 Application to Physiological Networks
		3.1 Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Variability Series
		3.2 EEG Recordings
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Novel Reverse Engineering Approach for Gene Regulatory Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Modeling
		2.1 Environment
		2.2 Agent
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Gene Expression Level Prediction
		3.2 Gene Regulatory Network
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Using the Duplication-Divergence Network Model to Predict Protein-Protein Interactions
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
		2.1 Network Closures
		2.2 Feature Learning of a Network and node2vec
		2.3 Random Forest, Gradient Boosted Trees, and XGBoost
	3 Training with the Duplication-Divergence Model
		3.1 The Model
		3.2 Parameter Estimation
		3.3 The Approach
	4 Prediction of Interactions on the Human Interactome
		4.1 Data
		4.2 Data Pre-processing
		4.3 DD Model Calibration
		4.4 Feature Conformations
		4.5 Classification Models
		4.6 Using the Proposed Approach
	5 Related Work and Concluding Remarks
	References
Machine Learning and Networks
SignedS2V: Structural Embedding Method for Signed Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Node Embedding
		2.2 Signed Network Embedding
	3 Proposed Method
		3.1 Previous Method (struc2vec ch28ribeiro2017struc2vec) and Its Insufficiency for Signed Networks
		3.2 Degree in Complex Plane
		3.3 Exponential Biased Euclidean Distance (EBED)
		3.4 Overall Algorithm of SignedS2V
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Network Topologies
		4.2 Inverted Karate Club Network
		4.3 Real Networks for Link Sign Prediction
	5 Conclusion
	References
HM-LDM: A Hybrid-Membership Latent Distance Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Statement and Proposed Method
	3 Experimental evaluation
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
The Structure of Interdisciplinary Science: Uncovering and Explaining Roles in Citation Graphs
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
		2.1 Measuring Interdisciplinarity
		2.2 Local Structure and Role Embeddings
		2.3 Explanation Via Surrogate Models
	3 Methods
	4 Application
		4.1 Data
		4.2 Role Discovery
		4.3 Role Interpretation
		4.4 Interdisciplinary Roles
	5 Discussion and Conclusions
	References
Inferring Parsimonious Coupling Statistics in Nonlinear Dynamics with Variational Gaussian Processes
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Cross Mapping
		2.2 Gaussian Process Convergent Cross Mapping
		2.3 Variational Gaussian Process Convergent Cross Mapping
		2.4 Synthetic Data
		2.5 Statistical Analysis
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Detection of Sparsity in Multidimensional Data Using Network Degree Distribution and Improved Supervised Learning with Correction of Data Weighting
	1 Introduction
	2 Calculation Methods
		2.1 Two Dimensional Color Coordinate and Target Task in Our Supervised Learning
		2.2 Method for Network Diagram Formation and Analysis Algorithm
		2.3 Datasets on the Color Coordinate
		2.4 Data Calibration Methods and Weight Tuning
	3 Calculation Results
		3.1 Network Diagrams and Degree Distributions
		3.2 Validity for Supervised Learning: Calibration Using Neural Networks
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Network Structure Versus Chemical Information in Drug-Drug Interaction Prediction
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Data Harvesting and Processing
	5 Experimental Results
	6 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Geometric Deep Learning Graph Pruning to Speed-Up the Run-Time of Maximum Clique Enumerarion Algorithms
	1 Introduction
	2 Maximum Clique Enumeration Problem
	3 Our Approach
	4 Experiments
		4.1 Traning and Validation
		4.2 Performance Measures
		4.3 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Graph Mining and Machine Learning for Shader Codes Analysis to Accelerate GPU Tuning
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Challenges in Conventional GPU Tuning
		1.2 Our Solution and Motivation
		1.3 Our Contributions and Roadmap
	2 Related Work
	3 Datasets and Characteristics
		3.1 Graph Data Extraction
		3.2 Effectiveness of Graph Structure
		3.3 Graph Data Characteristics and Key Frames Selection
	4 Predicting A Frame's Scene
	5 Tuning for A New Application
		5.1 Frequent Subgraphs Mining
		5.2 Scenes Clustering
		5.3 A New Game's Shader Efficiency Prediction
	6 Conclusions
	References
Networks in Finance and Economics
Pattern Analysis of Money Flows in the Bitcoin Blockchain
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 Taint Flow Extraction
		3.1 Bitcoin Taint Flow
		3.2 Actors and Tag Actors
	4 Taint Flow Embedding
		4.1 Induction of Descriptive Substructure Patterns
		4.2 Learning Vector Representations
	5 Flow-Based Actor Identification
		5.1 Taint Flows of Bitcoin Mining Pools
		5.2 Actor Identification Task
		5.3 Actor Clustering Task
		5.4 Time Correlation
	6 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
On the Empirical Association Between Trade Network Complexity and Global Gross Domestic Product
	1 Background and Motivation
	2 Materials and Methods
		2.1 Data
		2.2 Network Construction and Measures
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Measuring the Stability of Technical Cooperation Network Based on the Nested Structure Theory
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
		2.1 Theoretical Development
		2.2 Formation Mechanism
	3 Data and Modelling
		3.1 Data Sources
		3.2 HETCN Model
		3.3 Nested Structure of HETCN
	4 Methodology
		4.1 Adjacency Matrix Rearrangement
		4.2 Measurement of the Nestedness
		4.3 Nestedness Disturbance Index
	5 Results and Discussion
		5.1 Park Area Scale Empirical Analysis
		5.2 Technical Field Scale Analysis
	6 Conclusion
	References
Dynamic Transition Graph for Estimating the Predictability of Financial and Economical Processes
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Research Outline
	4 Dynamic Transition Graph Construction
	5 Predictability Classifier
	6 Real-world Data Description and Pre-processing
	7 Experimental Results and Discussion
	8 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
A Network Analysis of World Trade Structural Changes (1996–2019)
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology and Data
	3 Results
	4 Cluster Analysis
	5 Concluding Remarks
	References
Green Sector Space: The Evolution and Capabilities Spillover of Economic Green Sectors in the United States
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Method
		3.1 Analysis Data
		3.2 Finding Competitively Exported Products
		3.3 The Green Product Space
	4 Results
		4.1 The United States Green Product Space
		4.2 Calculating Products' Relatedness
		4.3 Green Sectors Evolution
		4.4 The Green Sector Space
	5 Conclusions
	References
Statistical Inference of Lead-Lag Between Asynchronous Time Series from P-Values of Transfer Entropy at Various Timescales
	1 Introduction
	2 Significance Test for Transfer Entropy
	3 Comparing Two Transfer Entropy Measures
		3.1 Bootstrap P-Value
	4 Finite Size Effects of the Statistical Tests
		4.1 Testing for the Significant TE
		4.2 Comparing TEs
	5 Lagged Information Transfer Between Asynchronous Time Series: Limit Order Books
		5.1 Network Inference
	6 Conclusions
	References
Networks and Mobility
Extracting Metro Passenger Flow Predictors from Network’s Complex Characteristics
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Centrality Measures
		2.2 Linear Regression Model and Evaluation Metrics
	3 Application
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Estimating Peak-Hour Urban Traffic Congestion
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
		2.1 Interaction Model
		2.2 Cumulative BC Definition
	3 Simulation Details
	4 Results and Discussions
	5 Conclusion
	6 Authors' Contributions
	References
Adaptive Routing Potential in Road Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Method
	3 Measures
	4 Procedure
	5 Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Diffusion and Epidemics
Detecting Global Community Structure in a COVID-19 Activity Correlation Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Dataset
	3 Methods
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Overcoming Vaccine Hesitancy by Multiplex Social Network Targeting
	1 Introduction
	2 Model
		2.1 The Opinion Layer
		2.2 The Disease Layer
	3 Results
		3.1 Varying the Opinion Assignment and Adoption Method
		3.2 Varying the Initial Number of Pro and Anti-opinions
		3.3 Extending the Lattice
		3.4 Further Remarks
	4 Conclusions
	References
Community-Aware Centrality Measures Under the Independent Cascade Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Community-Aware Centrality Measures
	3 Independent Cascade Model
	4 Datasets and Evaluation Measure
		4.1 Synthetic Networks
		4.2 Real Networks
		4.3 Evaluation Measure
	5 Empirical Analysis
		5.1 Synthetic Networks
		5.2 Real Networks
	6 Discussion and Conclusion
	References
Paths for Emergence of Superspreaders in Dengue Fever Spreading Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Methods
	3 Results
	4 Discussion
	References
Multilayer Networks
Structural Cores and Problems of Vulnerability of Partially Overlapped Multilayer Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Structural Model of MLN
	3 Aggregate-Network of Partially Overlapped MLN
	4 Structural k- and p-cores of Aggregate-Network of Partially Overlapped MLN
	5 Vulnerability of Intersystem Interactions
	6 Conclusions
	References
Multilayer Block Models for Exploratory Analysis of Computer Event Logs
	1 Introduction
	2 The Multilayer Latent Block Model
		2.1 Model Description
		2.2 Model Inference and Selection
	3 First Case Study—Network Flows
		3.1 Data Description
		3.2 Results
	4 Second Case Study—Authentication Logs
		4.1 Data Description
		4.2 Results
	5 Related Work
	6 Conclusion and Perspectives
	References
On the Effectiveness of Using Link Weights and Link Direction for Community Detection in Multilayer Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Problem Formulation
		2.2 Datasets
		2.3 Representations of Multilayer Networks
		2.4 Community Detection Algorithms and Evaluation Metrics
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Future Work
	References
Author Index