Companion Encyclopedia of Anthropology. Humanity, Culture & Social life

Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 10
General introduction......Page 14
The contributors......Page 24
Part I: Humanity......Page 36
1. Introduction to humanity......Page 38
2. Humanity and animality......Page 49
3. The evolution of early hominids......Page 68
4. Human evolution: the last one million years......Page 114
5. The origins and evolution of language......Page 143
6. Tools and tool behaviour......Page 168
7. Niche construction, evolution and culture......Page 197
8. Modes of subsistence: hunting and gathering to agriculture and pastoralism......Page 232
9. The diet and nutrition of human populations......Page 261
10. Demographic expansion: causes and consequences......Page 300
11. Disease and the destruction of indigenous populations......Page 332
Part II: Culture......Page 362
12. Introduction to culture......Page 364
13. Why animals have neither culture nor history......Page 385
14. Symbolism: the foundation of culture......Page 401
15. Artefacts and the meaning of things......Page 431
16. Technology......Page 455
17. Spatial organization and the built environment......Page 495
18. Perceptions of time......Page 538
19. Aspects of literacy......Page 562
20. Magic, religion and the rationality of belief......Page 598
21. Myth and metaphor......Page 626
22. Ritual and performance......Page 648
23. The anthropology of art......Page 683
24. Music and dance......Page 721
25. The politics of culture: ethnicity and nationalism......Page 741
Part III: Social Life......Page 770
26. Introduction to social life......Page 772
27. Sociality among humans and non-human animals......Page 791
28. Rules and prohibitions: the form and content of human kinship......Page 818
29. Understanding sex and gender......Page 848
30. Socialization, enculturation and the development of personal identity......Page 866
31. Social aspects of language use......Page 896
32. Work, the division of labour and co-operation......Page 926
33. Exchange and reciprocity......Page 946
34. Political domination and social evolution......Page 975
35. Law and dispute processes......Page 997
36. Collective violence and common security......Page 1018
37. Inequality and equality......Page 1045
38. The nation state, colonial expansion and the contemporary world order......Page 1075
Index......Page 1102