Community Care Practice And The Law (2005)

Cover......Page 1
Community Care Practice and the Law\rThird Edition......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 7
Acknowledgements......Page 15
Note......Page 16
Part I.\r Introduction, Overview, Underlying Mechanisms, Legal Principles and Good Administration, Remedies......Page 17
1.1 HOWTO USE THE BOOK......Page 19
1.3 FUNCTION OF THE BOOK......Page 20
1.4 SCOPE OF THE BOOK......Page 21
1.5 CHANGES FROM THE SECOND EDITION......Page 23
2.\r\rOverview......Page 25
2.1 OUTLINE AND IMPLICATIONS OF THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK......Page 26
2.2. LIST OF LEGISLATION RELEVANT TO COMMUNITY CARE......Page 32
3.\r\rUnderlying mechanisms......Page 37
3.1 UNCERTAINTIES IN COMMUNITY CARE......Page 38
3.2 COMMUNITY CARE LEGISLATION: FRAGMENTATION......Page 42
3.3 COMMUNITY CARE GUIDANCE......Page 47
3.4 ALLOCATION OF SCARCE RESOURCES: RATIONING......Page 49
3.5 TRANSPARENCY OF LEGISLATION AND POLICY......Page 51
3.6 LOCAL AUTHORITY POLICIES, PROCEDURES AND PRACTICE......Page 55
3.7 JUDICIAL REVIEW AND THE LOCAL OMBUDSMEN......Page 56
3.9 GOOD PRACTICE AND THE LAW......Page 58
4.\r\rLegal principles and good\radministration......Page 63
4.1 LEGISLATION (AND GUIDANCE): DUTIES AND POWERS......Page 64
4.2 LAWCOURTS AND JUDICIAL REVIEW......Page 67
4.3 OMBUDSMEN: PRINCIPLES OF GOOD ADMINISTRATION......Page 72
5\rRemedies......Page 77
5.1 INFORMAL REMEDIES......Page 78
5.2 COUNCILLORS, MPS, NEWSPAPERS......Page 79
5.4 DISTRICT AUDITORS......Page 82
5.5 LOCAL AUTHORITY SOCIAL SERVICES COMPLAINTS PROCEDURE......Page 83
5.6 SECRETARY OF STATE’S DEFAULT POWERS......Page 91
5.7 SECRETARY OF STATE’S GENERAL AND SPECIFIC DIRECTIONS......Page 93
5.9 LOCAL GOVERNMENT OMBUDSMEN......Page 94
5.11 HEALTH SERVICE OMBUDSMAN......Page 96
5.13 JUDICIAL REVIEW......Page 97
5.14 NEGLIGENCE, BREACH OF STATUTORY DUTY/CONTRACT......Page 101
Part\r II. Community care legislation and guidance......Page 103
6\rAssessment......Page 105
6.1 OVERALL DUTY OF ASSESSMENT: NHS AND COMMUNITY CARE\rACT 1990......Page 109
6.2 DUTY TO ASSESS DISABLED PEOPLE......Page 112
6.3 REFERRAL, SCREENING AND INITIAL ASSESSMENT......Page 114
6.4 LEVEL OF ASSESSMENT......Page 115
6.7 NEEDS CALLING FOR SERVICE PROVISION......Page 118
6.8 ASSESSMENT OF PREFERENCES AS OPPOSED TO NEEDS\r......Page 119
6.9 ABSOLUTE DUTY TO MEET ELIGIBLE NEEDS......Page 122
6.10 MEETING NEED COST-EFFECTIVELY......Page 128
6.11 FAIR ACCESS TO CARE: ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA......Page 131
6.12 TAKING ACCOUNT OF LEGALLY RELEVANT FACTORS IN\rASSESSMENTS......Page 134
6.13 GIVING EXPLANATIONS AND REASONS......Page 136
6.15 REVIEW AND REASSESSMENT......Page 137
6.16 URGENCY......Page 151
6.17 ASSESSMENT OF CHILDREN WHEN THEY LEAVE SCHOOL......Page 152
6.18WAITING TIMES FOR ASSESSMENT......Page 154
7.\r\rCare plans and provision of\rservices......Page 162
7.1 CARE PLANS......Page 163
7.2 PROVISION OF COMMUNITY CARE SERVICES: CONTRACTS......Page 168
7.3WAITING TIMES FOR SERVICES......Page 175
8.\r\rResidential accommodation......Page 179
8.1 NEED FOR CARE AND ATTENTION......Page 180
8.2 DIFFERENT TYPES OF RESIDENTIALACCOMMODATION......Page 185
8.3 DUTIES AND POWERS TO PROVIDE RESIDENTIAL\rACCOMMODATION......Page 189
8.5 CHOICE OF RESIDENTIAL ACCOMMODATION......Page 190
8.6 CARE HOME PLACEMENTS: OTHER ARRANGEMENTS......Page 195
9.\r Charging for residential accommodation......Page 197
9.1 OVERALL DUTY TO CHARGE......Page 199
9.2 PERSONAL EXPENSES ALLOWANCE......Page 200
9.3 TEMPORARY RESIDENTS......Page 201
9.5 ASSESSMENT OF COUPLES......Page 202
9.6 ASSESSMENT OF CAPITAL......Page 203
9.7 NOTIONAL CAPITAL......Page 206
9.8 ASSESSMENT OF REAL PROPERTY (HOUSE OR LAND)......Page 209
9.9 ASSESSMENT OF INCOME......Page 213
9.11 PURSUIT OF DEBT......Page 215
9.13 INSOLVENCY PROCEEDINGS......Page 216
9.14 CARE HOMES: PERSONAL FINANCIAL ISSUES......Page 217
10.\r Non-residential services......Page 219
10.1 NATIONAL ASSISTANCE ACT 1948, S.29: NON-RESIDENTIAL\rSERVICES FOR DISABLED PEOPLE......Page 221
10.2 CHRONICALLY SICK AND DISABLED PERSONS ACT 1970, S.2:\rNON-RESIDENTIAL SERVICES FOR DISABLED PEOPLE......Page 228
10.3 HEALTH SERVICES AND PUBLIC HEALTH ACT 1968, S.45:\rNON-RESIDENTIAL SERVICES FOR OLDER PEOPLE......Page 236
10.4 NHS ACT 1977, S.21 AND SCHEDULE 8: NON-RESIDENTIAL\rSERVICES......Page 237
10.5 MENTAL HEALTH ACT 1983, S.117: AFTERCARE SERVICES......Page 239
11.\r\rCharging for non-residential\rservices......Page 246
11.2 SERVICES EXCLUDED FROM CHARGING......Page 248
11.3 REASONABLENESS OF CHARGES......Page 249
11.4 REASONABLE PRACTICABILITY OF PAYING THE CHARGE......Page 251
11.5 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH GUIDANCE ON CHARGING......Page 252
11.7 CHARGING AND PERSONAL INJURY COMPENSATION PAYMENTS......Page 256
11.10 PEOPLE WHO REFUSE TO PAY......Page 257
11.11 GENERAL LOCAL GOVERNMENT LEGISLATION AND CHARGING......Page 258
12.\r\rDirect payments, carers, families\rwith children in need, and other\rspecific groups of people......Page 259
12.1 DIRECT PAYMENTS: OVERALL PURPOSE......Page 261
12.2 VOUCHERS......Page 270
12.3 INDEPENDENT LIVING FUND......Page 271
12.4 INFORMAL CARERS......Page 272
12.5 CHILDREN IN NEED AND THEIR FAMILIES......Page 277
12.6 LEAVING CARE: CHILDREN PREVIOUSLY LOOKED AFTER......Page 280
12.7 OTHER SPECIFIC GROUPS OF PEOPLE......Page 281
12.8 DRUGS AND ALCOHOL......Page 282
13.\r\rAsylum seekers and other people\rsubject to immigration control......Page 284
13.1 IMMIGRATION CONTROL: BACKGROUND......Page 285
13.2 IMMIGRATION CONTROL: SOCIAL SERVICES, PRESENT POSITION......Page 286
13.3 NHS SERVICES AND OVERSEAS VISITORS......Page 298
14.\r\rResidence and eligibility for\rservices......Page 300
14.2 ORDINARY RESIDENCE: SOCIAL SERVICES......Page 301
14.3 NHS: RESPONSIBLE COMMISSIONER......Page 306
14.4 RESIDENCE: CROSS-BORDER RESPONSIBILITIES......Page 307
14.5 RESIDENCE AND DISABLED FACILITIES GRANTS......Page 309
PART III\rHousing, home adaptations,\rNHS services\rand joint working......Page 311
15.\r\rHousing and home adaptations......Page 313
15.2 COOPERATION BETWEEN HOUSING AND SOCIAL SERVICES\rAUTHORITIES......Page 315
15.3 SUPPORTING PEOPLE......Page 316
15.4 HOME ADAPTATIONS: DISABLED FACILITIES GRANTS (DFGS)......Page 317
15.5 HOME ADAPTATIONS: REGULATORY REFORM ASSISTANCE......Page 338
15.6 HOME ADAPTATIONS AND SOCIAL SERVICES AUTHORITIES......Page 339
15.7 HOME ADAPTATIONS: GENERAL......Page 343
16.\r\rNHS services and joint working......Page 348
16.1 NHS BASIC DUTIES AND RESOURCES......Page 352
16.3 NHS LEGAL CASES AND SCARCE RESOURCES......Page 353
16.4 NHS LEGAL CHALLENGES ON GROUNDS OTHER THAN\rRESOURCES......Page 355
16.7 CONTINUING NHS HEALTH CARE......Page 357
16.8 FREE REGISTERED NURSING CARE......Page 369
16.9 PROVISION OF COMMUNITY HEALTH SERVICES IN CARE HOMES\rAND PEOPLE’S OWN HOMES......Page 371
16.10 DISCHARGE OF PEOPLE FROM HOSPITAL......Page 373
16.11 HOSPITAL DISCHARGE PRACTICE......Page 377
16.12 INTERMEDIATE CARE......Page 381
16.13 COMMUNITY EQUIPMENT SERVICES......Page 382
16.14 CONTINENCE SERVICES AND EQUIPMENT......Page 385
16.15 SINGLE ASSESSMENT PROCESS......Page 389
16.16 NATIONAL SERVICE FRAMEWORKS......Page 390
16.17 CARE PROGRAMME APPROACH: MENTAL HEALTH......Page 392
16.19 JOINTWORKING BETWEEN NHS AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES......Page 393
16.20 NHS AND CHARGES FOR SERVICES......Page 399
PART IV\rAdult protection,\rdecision-making capacity,\rinformation sharing,\rhuman rights,\rdisability discriminatio......Page 401
17. \r\rAdult protection......Page 403
17.1 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH GUIDANCE......Page 405
17.2 SOCIAL SERVICES LEGISLATION......Page 406
17.3 PROTECTION OF VULNERABLE ADULTS LIST......Page 407
17.4 CRIMINAL RECORD CERTIFICATES......Page 412
17.5 INTERVENTIONS......Page 414
17.6 CRIME AND DISORDER STRATEGIES......Page 425
17.7 MULTI-AGENCY PUBLIC PROTECTION ARRANGEMENTS (MAPPA)......Page 426
17.8 ASSAULT, BATTERY AND SEXUAL OFFENCES......Page 427
17.9 VULNERABLEWITNESSES AND SUSPECTS......Page 430
17.10 HARASSMENT......Page 432
17.11 NON-MOLESTATION ORDERS......Page 433
17.12 OCCUPATION ORDERS......Page 434
17.13 CIVIL TORTS......Page 435
17.14 PHYSICAL RESTRAINT......Page 436
17.15 FINANCIAL ABUSE......Page 437
17.16 PROCEDURES AND INVESTIGATIONS......Page 445
17.17 CARE STANDARDS AND ADULT PROTECTION......Page 449
18\rDecision-making capacity......Page 450
18.1 BACKGROUND......Page 451
18.2 HEALTH ORWELFARE DECISIONS......Page 452
18.3 APPOINTEES, POWER OF ATTORNEY, COURT OF PROTECTION......Page 453
18.4 ASCERTAINING DECISION-MAKING CAPACITY......Page 455
18.5 BEST INTERESTS......Page 460
18.6 INFORMAL DECISION MAKING......Page 461
18.8 INHERENT JURISDICTION OF THE COURTS......Page 462
18.9 ADVANCE DECISIONS TO REFUSE TREATMENT......Page 467
18.10 ADVOCACY......Page 468
19.\r\rInformation sharing......Page 469
19.1 COMMON LAWOF CONFIDENTIALITY AND HUMAN RIGHT......Page 470
19.2 DATA PROTECTION ACT 1998......Page 472
19.3 LEGISLATION SPECIFICALLY REFERRING TO INFORMATION\rDISCLOSURE......Page 475
19.6 ACCESS TO NON-PERSONAL PUBLIC INFORMATION......Page 476
20.\r\rHuman rights......Page 478
20.1 HUMAN RIGHTS ACT 1998......Page 479
20.2 EUROPEANCONVENTIONONHUMANRIGHTS......Page 481
21.\r\rDisability discrimination......Page 490
21.1 DEFINITION OF DISABILITY......Page 491
21.2 PROVISION OF GOODS AND SERVICES TO THE PUBLIC......Page 492
21.3 MANAGEMENT AND LETTING OF PREMISES......Page 494
21.4 EDUCATION......Page 496
21.5 RELATIONSHIP OF DDA TO OTHER LEGISLATION......Page 497
PART V\rHealth and safety at work,\rnegligence, contract,\rnational regulation of care provision......Page 499
22.\r\rHealth and safety at work\rlegislation......Page 501
22.1 REASONABLE PRACTICABILITY IN HEALTH AND SAFETY......Page 502
22.2 DUTIES TO EMPLOYEES......Page 504
22.5 DUTY OF EMPLOYERS TO NON-EMPLOYEES......Page 506
23.1 BASIC RULES OF NEGLIGENCE......Page 508
23.2 PROTECTION OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES FROM NEGLIGENCE......Page 509
23.3WEIGHING UP RISKS AND BENEFITS......Page 513
24.\r Regulation of care provision......Page 515
24.3 REGISTRATION AUTHORITIES......Page 516
24.4 REGULATIONS......Page 517
LEGAL CASES......Page 524
LOCAL GOVERNMENT OMBUDSMAN CASES......Page 532
HEALTH SERVICE OMBUDSMAN CASES......Page 536
ACTS OF PARLIAMENT\r(AND NORTHERN IRELAND ORDERS)......Page 538
STATUTORY INSTRUMENTS......Page 541
CENTRAL GOVERNMENT GUIDANCE AND DIRECTIONS......Page 542
OTHER REFERENCES......Page 547
Index......Page 551