Communities of style: portable luxury arts, identity, and collective memory in the Iron Age Levant

C O N T E N T S
Lisl'o/’IIIustrations ix
Author's Note xiii
Acknowledgments xv
Introduction i
Ivories and Metalworks in a Levantine Context 3
Networks and Communities in the Early Iron Age 6
1 Workshops, Connoisseurship, and Levantine Style{s)
First-M illennium Levantine Ivories 13
Connoisseurship and the Study o f the Ancient Near East 18
Attributing Levantine Ivories 21
The M obility of Style 31
Slippery identities 36
Conclusions 38
2 Levantine Stylistic Practices in Collective Memory 43
The Problem o f Artistic Intent! onality 47
Rendering Animals and the Logic o f Stylistic Practice 51
Habitus in Levantine Style 58Stylistic Practices in Collective M em o ry 64
Late Bronze Age M em ories in the E a rly Iron Age 67
Continuity, Rediscovery, or Invention? 70
Rem em bering a Golden Age 73
Conclusions 77
Creating Assyria in Its Own Image 79
An A ssyrian Court Style Si
Assyrian Representations o f Foreign Item s
The D angerous Other: Booty, Tribute, Gods, and Deportees 91
Foreign Goods in A ssyria 94
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Stylistic A ssyrianization 95
A shurbanipal's Garden Scene mo
Assyria and Babylonia 104
Conclusions loS
4 Speaking Bowls and the Inscription o f Identity and Memory ni
Levantine (“ Phoenician"} Metal Bow ls 119
The Inscription o f Identity and M em o ry 116
Drinking and Death 119
Tem porality and Presence 126
The Enchantm ent o f Imagery 128
Conclusions 194
5 The Reuse, Recycling, and Displacement of Levantine Luxury Arts 199
After the Fall: M obility post A ssyrian Em pire 141
Ivory in and around the Assyrian Em pire 146
Secondhand Elites 153
The Booty o f Haza’el o f Damascus 161
Conclusions: Displacements, Values, and M eanings 170
Conclusion 175
Theoretical Considerations 175
Glancing Back, Casting Ahead 177
Notes 183
References 215
Index 243