Communication and Community Engagement in Disease Outbreaks: Dealing with Rights, Culture, Complexity and Context

Preface
Contents
Contributors
About the Editors
Abbreviations
Part I: Conceptual Framework
	Chapter 1: Communication and Engagement in Disease Outbreaks and Pandemic Responses: Key Concepts and Issues
		Introduction
		A Brief Historical Perspective: Patterns, Behavioral Insights, Perceptions, and Understanding
			Toward a Communication and Engagement-Centered Conceptual Framework
		References
	Chapter 2: The Global Health Architecture of Pandemic Preparedness and Response: Comparing and Contrasting Experiences of Zika and COVID-19 in Brazil
		Background
			Introduction
			The Global Health Architecture in Public Health Emergencies
			ZIKV and COVID-19 as PHEICs: A Brief Overview
		Lessons from the PHEIC of ZIKV and the COVID-19 Pandemic for the Global Health Architecture
			Communication and Uncertainty in Times of a PHEIC
			Politics and Framing of PHEICs
			Preparedness and Surveillance
			International Research Collaboration
			Structural Problems and Inequality
			A Gendered Approach
		ZIKV and the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Reflection to the Key Concepts of the Book
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 3: Community Engagement in Disease Outbreak Preparedness and Response: Lessons from Recent Outbreaks, Key Concepts, and Quality Standards for Practice
		Introduction
			Critical Role of Community Engagement
		Overview of the Literature
			Key Concepts
			Community Engagement Approaches
		Minimum Quality Standards and Indicators for Community Engagement: An Overview
		Progress and Challenges: Recent Outbreaks Through the Lens of the Minimum Standards
			Participation
			Empowerment and Local Ownership
			Inclusion
			Two-Way Communication
			Adaptability and Localization
			Building on Local Capacity
			Implementation
			Informed Design
			Planning and Preparation
			Managing Activities
			Monitoring, Evaluation, and Learning
			Coordination and Integration
			Government Leadership
			Partner Coordination
			Integration
			Resource Mobilization
			Human Resources and Organizational Structures
			Data Management
			Resource Mobilization and Budgeting
		Moving Forward: The Standards in Practice and into the Future
			The Role of Key Stakeholders
			Implications for the Overall Focus of the Book
		References
Part II: Case Studies: Learning from Practice
	Chapter 4: Reflections on Social Behavior Change: Lessons Learned from Polio Outbreak Response
		Background
		Communication Approaches
		Ukraine Unique Challenge: Responding to an Outbreak in Low Immunization Environment
		Syria: Responding to an Outbreak in a War Zone
		Key Lessons Learned
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 5: Complexity and Context of Ebola Virus Disease Preparedness and Response in Eastern and Southern Africa
		Background/Setting the Context
			Brief Description of EVD, Its Transmission Pathways, Outbreak Preparedness, and Response
		Scope and Key Actions for Risk Communication and Community Engagement
		A Reflection of the Role Played by Context, Culture, Trust, Complexity, and Rights in EVD Preparedness and Response
		Context and Complexity
		Trust and the EVD Preparedness/Response
		Culture and the EVD Preparedness/Response
		Burial Practices
		Treatment Seeking
		Gendered Roles and EVD Infection
		Human Rights in EVD Preparedness
		Implications for Future Preparedness/Response
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 6: Ebola in Sierra Leone: Leveraging Community Assets to Strengthen Preparedness and Response
		Setting the Context
			Brief Description of the Outbreak and Response
			Scope and Key Actions: An Over-centralized Initial Response
		Issues of Culture, Rights, Complexity, and Context
			Strengths/Opportunities for Local Level Ebola Response
				The Family
			Burial and Homecare
			Local Leadership
			Challenges and Obstacles
			Unintended Consequences
		Ebola and Lessons Learned
			What Worked/Did Not Work and Why Not?
			Implications for Future Preparedness/Response
		Comparison with COVID-19
		Conclusion: On Pandemic Preparedness
		References
	Chapter 7: The Invisible Threat: Communicating Risk and Engaging Communities to Respond to Zika
		Setting the Context
			Background
			The U.S. Government Response
		Reflection
			The Invisible Threat of Zika
			Coordination of Stakeholders
			Collective Community Action in Face of Urgent Infectious Diseases
			Gender and Family Support Norms: Reification and Reversal
				Gender
				Family Structures
				Pushing the Needle on the Rights of Children with Disability
		Conclusions
			Lessons Learned and Implications
				Invisible Disease Threat
				Stakeholder Coordination
				Collective Community Action
				Gender and Family Support Norms
				Rights of Children with Disabilities
			Final Words
		References
	Chapter 8: An Experiential Account of the Risk Communication and Community Engagement Early Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile and Paraguay: Lessons and Recommendations
		Introduction
		Early Country Responses: The Local and the National
		Social, Economic, and Political Context
		Public and Community Trust: Building and Sustaining It
		Implications and Recommendations for Future Preparedness/Response
		References
	Chapter 9: Communication and Community Engagement to Contain Disease Outbreaks and Improve Well-Being: Rohingya Refugee Response, Bangladesh
		Introduction
			Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
			Rohingya Influx Situational Assessments
			Literature Review
			Rohingya Health Beliefs and Practices
		Response
			Community Mobilization
			Stakeholder Engagement
			Radio Programming
			Community Feedback and Response Mechanism
			Language, Mid-Media Outreach, Communication Supplies, and Material Dissemination
			KAPB Surveys and Impact Assessment
			Impact Assessment
			Findings
			Follow-Up Actions
		Lessons Learned and Recommendations
			Recommendations
		References
Part III: Lessons Learned: Conclusions and Recommendations
	Chapter 10: Reflections and Recommendations for Future Disease Outbreak and Pandemic Response
		Introduction
		Reflections
			Risk Communication and Community Engagement
			Culture
			Complexity
			Human Rights
			Trust
			Infodemics
		Recommendations
			Policy Decisions and Implementation
			Social Science Research in Pandemics and Disease Outbreaks
			Practice Related to Risk Communication and Community Engagement for Pandemics and Disease Outbreaks
			Donor Prioritization for Community-Driven Preparedness, Control and Response
			Coordination Between Governments, Implementing Agencies and Community Networks
		Conclusion
		References
Index