Color atlas of human anatomy

Cover
Title Page
Title Page
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Preface to the 1st Edition of Volume 3
Preface to the 1st Edition
1 Introduction
	1.1 The Nervous System— An Overall View
		Development and Subdivision
		Functional Circuits
		Position of the Nervous System in the Body
	1.2 Development and Structure of the Brain
		Development of the Brain
		Anatomy of the Brain
		Evolution of the Brain
2 Basic Elements of the Nervous System
	2.1 The Nerve Cell
		Methods in Neuroanatomy
		Ultrastructure of the Nerve Cell
	2.2 The Synapse
		Localization
		Structure
		Ultrastructure and Function
		Types of Synapses
		Neurotransmitters
		Synaptic Transmission of Excitation in the Presynaptic Terminal
		Axonal Transport
		Transmitter Receptors
		Synaptic Communication
	2.3 Neuronal Systems
		Neuronal Circuits
	2.4 The Nerve Fiber
		Ultrastructure of the Myelin Sheath
		Development of the Myelin Sheath in the PNS
		Development of Unmyelinated Nerve Fibers
		Structure of the Myelin Sheath in the CNS
		Peripheral Nerve
	2.5 Neuroglia
	2.6 Blood Vessels
3 Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves
	3.1 Overview
	3.2 The Spinal Cord
		Structure
		Reflex Arcs
		Gray Matter and Intrinsic System
		Cross Sections of the Spinal Cord
		Ascending Pathways
		Descending Pathways
		Visualization of Pathways
		Blood Vessels of the Spinal Cord
		Spinal Ganglion and Posterior Root
		Spinal Meninges
		Segmental Innervation
		Spinal Cord Syndromes
	3.3 Peripheral Nerves
		Nerve Plexuses
		Cervical Plexus (C1–C4)
		Posterior Branches (C1–C8)
		Brachial Plexus (C5–T1)
		Supraclavicular Part
		Infraclavicular Part, Short Branches
		Infraclavicular Part, Long Branches
	3.4 Nerves of the Trunk
		Posterior Branches
		Anterior Branches
	3.5 Lumbosacral Plexus
		Lumbar Plexus
		Sacral Plexus
4 Brain Stem and Cranial Nerves
	4.1 Overview
		Longitudinal Organization
		Cranial Nerves
		Base of the Skull
	4.2 Cranial Nerve Nuclei
	4.3 Medulla Oblongata
		Cross Section at the Level of the Hypoglossal Nerve
		Cross Section at the Level of the Vagus Nerve
	4.4 Pons
		Cross Section at the Level of the Genu of the Facial Nerve
		Cross Section at the Level of the Trigeminal Nerve
	4.5 Cranial Nerves (V, VII–XII)
		Hypoglossal Nerve
		Accessory Nerve
		Vagus Nerve
		Glossopharyngeal Nerve
		Vestibulocochlear Nerve
		Facial Nerve
		Trigeminal Nerve
	4.6 Parasympathetic Ganglia
		Ciliary Ganglion
		Pterygopalatine Ganglion
		Otic Ganglion
		Submandibular Ganglion
	4.7 Midbrain
		Structure
		Cross Section Through the Inferior Colliculi of the Midbrain
		Cross Section Through the Superior Colliculi of the Midbrain
		Cross Section Through the Pretectal Region of the Midbrain
		Red Nucleus and Substantia Nigra
	4.8 Eye-Muscle Nerves (Cranial Nerves III, IV, and VI)
		Abducens Nerve
		Trochlear Nerve
		Oculomotor Nerve
	4.9 Long Pathways
		Corticospinal Tract and Corticonuclear Fibers
		Medial Lemniscus
		Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus
		Internuclear Connections of the Trigeminal Nuclei
		Central Tegmental Tract
		Posterior Longitudinal Fasciculus
	4.10 Reticular Formation
	4.11 Histochemistry of the Brain Stem
5 Cerebellum
	5.1 Structure
		Subdivision
		Cerebellar Peduncles and Nuclei
		Cerebellar Cortex
		Neuronal Circuits
	5.2 Functional Organization
		Vestibulocerebellum, Spinocerebellum, Pontocerebellum: Afferent and Efferent Fiber Systems
		Results of Experimental Stimulation
	5.3 Pathways
		Inferior Cerebellar Peduncle (Restiform Body)
		Middle Cerebellar Peduncle (Brachium Pontis)
		Superior Cerebellar Peduncle (Brachium Conjunctivum)
6 Diencephalon
	6.1 Development of the Prosencephalon
		Telodiencephalic Boundary
	6.2 Structure
		Subdivision
		Frontal Section at the Level of the Optic Chasm
		Frontal Section Through the Tuber Cinereum
		Frontal Section at the Level of the Mamillary Bodies
	6.3 Epithalamus
		Habenula
		Pineal Gland
	6.4 Dorsal Thalamus
		Thalamic Radiation
		Specific Thalamic Nuclei
		Nonspecific Thalamic Nuclei
		Anterior Nuclear Group
		Medial Nuclear Group
		Centromedian Nucleus
		Lateral Nuclear Group
		Ventral Nuclear Group
		Lateral Geniculate Body
		Medial Geniculate Body
		Pulvinar
		Frontal Section Through the Rostral Thalamus
		Frontal Section Through the Caudal Thalamus
	6.5 Subthalamus
		Subdivision
		Responses to Stimulation of the Subthalamus
	6.6 Hypothalamus
		Poorly Myelinated Hypothalamus
		Richly Myelinated Hypothalamus
		Vascular Supply
		Fiber Connections of the Poorly Myelinated Hypothalamus
		Fiber Connections of the Richly Myelinated Hypothalamus
		Functional Topography of the Hypothalamus
	6.7 Hypothalamus and Hypophysis
		Development and Subdivision of the Hypophysis
		Infundibulum
		Blood Vessels of the Hypophysis
		Neuroendocrine System
7 Telencephalon
	7.1 Overview
		Subdivision of the Hemisphere
		Rotation of the Hemisphere
		Evolution
		Development of the Layers of the Cerebral Cortex
		Cerebral Lobes
	7.2 Sections Through the Telencephalon
		Frontal Sections
		Horizontal Sections
	7.3 Paleocortex and Amygdaloid Body
		Paleocortex
		Amygdaloid Body
		Fiber Connections
	7.4 Archicortex
		Subdivision and Functional Significance
		Ammon’s Horn
		Fiber Connections
		Hippocampal Cortex
	7.5 Neostriatum
		Afferent Pathways
		Efferent Pathways
		Functional Significance
	7.6 Insula
	7.7 Neocortex
		Cortical Layers
		Vertical Columns
		Cell Types of the Neocortex
		The Module Concept
		Cortical Areas
		Frontal Lobe
		Parietal Lobe
		Temporal Lobe
		Occipital Lobe
		Fiber Tracts
		Hemispheric Asymmetry
	7.8 Imaging Procedures
		Contrast Radiography
		Computed Tomography
		Magnetic Resonance Imaging
		PET and SPECT
8 Cerebrovascular and Ventricular Systems
	8.1 Cerebrovascular System
		Arteries
		Veins
	8.2 Cerebrospinal Fluid Spaces
		Overview
		Choroid Plexus
		Ependyma
		Circumventricular Organs
	8.3 Meninges
		Dura Mater
		Arachnoid Mater
		Pia Mater
9 Autonomic Nervous System
	9.1 Overview and Sympathetic Trunk
		Overview
		Central Autonomic System
		Peripheral Autonomic System
		Adrenergic and Cholinergic Systems
		Neuronal Circuit
	9.2 Sympathetic Trunk
		Cervical and Upper Thoracic Segments
		Lower Thoracic and Abdominal Segments
		Innervation of the Skin
	9.3 Autonomic Periphery
		Efferent Fibers
		Afferent Fibers
		Intramural Plexus
		Autonomic Neurons
10 Functional Systems
	10.1 Motor Systems
		Corticospinal Tract
		Extrapyramidal Motor System
		Functional Connections in the Extrapyramidal Motor System
		Motor End Plate
		Tendon Organ
		Muscle Spindle
		Common Terminal Motor Pathway
	10.2 Sensory Systems
		Cutaneous Sensory Organs
		Pathway of the Epicritic Sensibility
		Pathway of the Protopathic Sensibility
		Gustatory Organ
		Olfactory Organ
	10.3 Limbic System
		Overview
		Cingulate Gyrus
		Septal Area
11 The Eye
	11.1 Structure
		Eyelids, Lacrimal Apparatus, and Orbital Cavity
		Muscles of the Eyeball
		The Eyeball
		Anterior Part of the Eye Cornea
		Vascular Supply
		Fundus of the Eye
		Retina
		Photoreceptors, Morphology and Function
	11.2 Visual Pathway and Ocular Reflexes
		Visual Pathway
		Topographic Organization of the Visual Pathway
		Ocular Reflexes
12 The Ear
	12.1 Structure
		Overview
		Outer Ear
		Middle Ear
		Inner Ear
	12.2 Auditory Pathway and Vestibular Pathways
		Auditory Pathway
		Vestibular Pathways
Further Reading
Index