Clusivity: Typology and Case Studies of Inclusive-Exclusive Distinction

Clusivity......Page 2
Editorial page......Page 3
Title page......Page 4
LCC data......Page 5
Contents......Page 6
Preface......Page 8
Introduction......Page 10
References......Page 13
I. Case studies on special problems of the inclusive-exclusive distinction......Page 14
1. Introduction......Page 16
2. Morphological evidence......Page 17
3. Definition of the pronominal number......Page 21
4. Definition of the category of person......Page 26
5. Person-asymmetry paradox and related problems......Page 28
6. Locutive hierarchies......Page 30
7. {Addressee > Speaker}......Page 35
8. Previous studies of locutive hierarchies......Page 45
9. A note on the tradition......Page 48
10. Summary......Page 50
Notes......Page 51
References......Page 58
1. Introduction......Page 62
2. Three kinds of inclusive–exclusive oppositions......Page 63
3. Linguistic geography: hypotheses......Page 66
4. Results......Page 70
5. Discussion......Page 73
6. Long-term diachrony......Page 78
7. Conclusions......Page 81
Notes......Page 82
References......Page 83
1. Introduction......Page 86
2. Methodological musings......Page 88
3. Clusivity and first person......Page 90
4. Clusivity and second person......Page 94
5. Clusivity and third person......Page 101
6. Mixes of inclusive and exclusive......Page 105
7. Analysis of the syncretisms attested......Page 110
8. Explaining the anomalies......Page 111
Notes......Page 114
Appendix......Page 116
References......Page 117
1. Introduction: The problem......Page 126
2. Theoretical impact of the problem: morphosyntactic features......Page 130
3. The data......Page 131
4. Conclusions......Page 149
Notes......Page 153
References......Page 159
1. Introduction......Page 164
2. The inclusive–exclusive distinction......Page 165
3. The data......Page 170
4. The encoding of inclusivity and grammaticalization of person markers......Page 182
Abbreviations......Page 185
Appendix......Page 186
Notes......Page 187
References......Page 189
1. Introduction......Page 192
2. Clusivity within and beyond the imperative......Page 193
3. The preference for inclusivity......Page 204
4. Counting the addressees......Page 205
5. Conclusion......Page 220
Notes......Page 221
References......Page 222
1. Introduction......Page 226
2. Inclusive as a polite second person (negative politeness)......Page 227
3. Inclusive as a humble first person (negative politeness)......Page 231
4. Inclusive as a bonding first person (positive politeness)......Page 232
5. Inclusive as an impolite first person......Page 234
6. Exclusive as a polite first person (negative politeness)......Page 235
7. Analysis and conclusions......Page 236
Acknowledgements......Page 239
Appendix......Page 240
References......Page 241
1. Introduction......Page 244
2. Inclusive/exclusive pronouns in spoken languages......Page 245
3. Inclusive/exclusive pronouns in ASL......Page 248
4. Inclusive/exclusive in other signed languages......Page 262
5. Discussion: Modality effects?......Page 263
Appendix......Page 264
Notes......Page 266
References......Page 269
II. Areal and family portraits of the inclusive-exclusive distinction......Page 272
1. Introduction......Page 274
2. Integrative inclusives......Page 277
3. Impersonal, non-referential inclusives......Page 290
4. Loss of the inclusive category......Page 293
5. Exclusives......Page 297
6. Conclusion......Page 298
Abbreviations......Page 300
References......Page 301
0. Overview......Page 304
1. Qiangic and rGyalrong......Page 305
2. Lolo-Burmese......Page 307
3. Bodish......Page 310
4. Mizo-Kuki-Chin......Page 311
5. Bodo-Konyak-Jinghpaw......Page 312
6. Western Himalayan......Page 314
7. Eastern Himalayan......Page 315
8. Dulong-Rawang......Page 317
9. Summary and conclusion......Page 318
Notes......Page 319
References......Page 320
1. Introduction......Page 326
2. The typological perspective......Page 327
3. The genetic perspective......Page 332
4. The areal perspective......Page 340
5. Conclusion......Page 342
Notes......Page 345
References......Page 346
Appendix......Page 349
1. Introductory notes......Page 354
2. The category of inclusive–exclusive in the Turkic imperative paradigm......Page 355
3. Formal patterns of building augmented inclusive......Page 360
4. The category of inclusive–exclusive among Turkic personal pronouns......Page 361
5. Yakut dual collective pronouns......Page 366
6. Expression of inclusive and exclusive semantics in Turkic languages......Page 367
7. Conclusion......Page 368
Notes......Page 369
References......Page 370
1. Introduction......Page 372
2. The definition of first-person plural inclusive......Page 374
3. The first-person plural of personal pronouns in Mosetenan......Page 375
4. The introduction of inclusive marking in Mosetenan......Page 380
5. Conclusion......Page 388
Notes......Page 389
References......Page 391
1. Introduction......Page 394
2. The Shuswap facts......Page 395
3. Possible explanations......Page 396
4. Mechanism and semantics......Page 402
Notes......Page 404
References......Page 407
1. Introduction......Page 412
2. Clusivity in the pronominal paradigm......Page 413
4. Clusivity in the imperative paradigm......Page 421
5. Additional functions of inclusive and exclusive forms......Page 423
6. The rise and fall of the opposition......Page 424
7. Some special cases of clusivity......Page 426
8. Clusivity and its (non-)correlates......Page 428
9. Conclusion......Page 430
Notes......Page 432
References......Page 434
Author index......Page 438
Language index......Page 441
Subject index......Page 448
The series Typological Studies in Language......Page 450