Cloud Native Infrastructure with Azure: Building and Managing Cloud Native Applications

Cover
Copyright
Table of Contents
Preface
	Who Should Read This Book
	Goals of This Book
	Navigating This Book
	Conventions Used in This Book
	Using Code Examples
	O’Reilly Online Learning
	How to Contact Us
	Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Introduction: Why Cloud Native?
	The Journey to the Cloud
	Challenges in the Cloud
	Cloud Native Computing Foundation
	Adopting a Cloud Native Infrastructure with Azure
	Summary
Chapter 2. Infrastructure as Code: Setting Up the Gateway
	Infrastructure as Code and Its Importance in the Cloud Native World
	Getting Started with Azure and Setting Up the Environment
		Azure Fundamentals and Preparing Your Azure Environment
		Creating an Azure Account
		Installing the Azure CLI
	Prominent IaC Tools
		Terraform
		Packer
		Ansible
	Azure DevOps and Infrastructure as Code
	Summary
Chapter 3. Containerizing Your Application: More Than Boxes
	Why Containers?
		Isolation
		Security
		Packaging and Deployment
	Basic Container Primitives
		Cgroups
		Namespaces
		Copy on Write
		Capabilities
		Seccomp-BPF
	Components of Running a Container
		Container Orchestrators
		Container Software
		Container Runtimes
		Containers
		Operating System
	Open Container Initiative (OCI) Specification
		OCI Image Specification
		OCI Runtime Specification
	Docker
		Building Your First Docker Image
		Best Practices While Using Docker
	Other Container Platforms
		Kata Containers
		LXC and LXD
	Container Registries
		Securely Storing Images with Harbor
		Securely Storing Images with Azure Container Registry
	Storing Docker Images in a Registry
	Running Docker on Azure
		Azure Container Instances
		Deploying an Azure Container Instance
		Running a Docker Container Engine
	Summary
Chapter 4. Kubernetes: The Grand Orchestrator
	Kubernetes Components
		Control Plane
		Worker Nodes
	Kubernetes API Server Objects
		Pods
		ReplicaSets
		Deployments
		Services
		Namespaces
		Labels and Selectors
		Annotations
		Ingress Controller
		StatefulSets
		DaemonSets
		Jobs
	Observe, Operate, and Manage Kubernetes Clusters with kubectl
		General Cluster Information and Commands
		Managing Pods
		Kubernetes in Production
	Summary
Chapter 5. Creating a Kubernetes Cluster in Azure
	Creating a Kubernetes Cluster from Scratch
		Creating the Resource Group
		Creating the Machine Images for the Worker and Controller Machines
		Creating a Storage Account Backend
		Creating an Azure Virtual Network
		Creating Public IPs for the Load Balancer
		Creating Worker and Controller Instances
		Using Ansible to Deploy and Configure the Kubernetes Controller Nodes
		Using Ansible to Deploy and Configure the Kubernetes Worker Nodes
		Setting Up Pod Networking and Routing
		Generating the kubeconfig File for Remote Access and Cluster Validation
	Azure Kubernetes Service
	Deploying Applications and Services Using Helm: A Package Manager for Kubernetes
		Helm Basics
		Installing and Managing Helm
		Managing Helm Releases
		Creating Charts for Your Applications
	Summary
Chapter 6. Observability: Following the Breadcrumbs
	Introduction to Observability
		Observability: More Than Three Pillars
		Observability: A Superset of Monitoring
		Observability-Driven Development
	Monitoring Metrics with Prometheus in a Cloud Native World
		Prometheus Components and Architecture
		Installing and Configuring Prometheus
		node_exporter
		Instrumentation of Applications
		Finding Hosts
		Prometheus on Kubernetes
	Logging in the Cloud Native World
		Logging with Fluentd
		Fluentd on Kubernetes
	Distributed Tracing in the Cloud Native World
		Tracing: Key Concepts
		General Tracing System Architecture and Trace Assembly
		Tracing Standards, Tools, and Code Instrumentation
	Azure Monitor
	Summary
Chapter 7. Service Discovery and Service Mesh: Finding New Territories and Crossing Borders
	Service Discovery
		Introduction to CoreDNS
		Installing and Configuring CoreDNS
		Kubernetes Service Discovery with CoreDNS
		Azure DNS
	The Service Mesh
		Introduction to Istio
		Installing Istio on Azure Kubernetes Service
		Automatically Injecting the Sidecar Proxy (Envoy Proxy)
		Managing Istio Service Meshes Using Kiali
	Summary
Chapter 8. Networking and Policy Management: Behold the Gatekeepers
	The Container Network Interface (CNI)
		Why Would You Use a CNI?
		How Does CNI Work with Azure?
		Various CNI Projects
	Calico
		Why Would You Use Calico?
		Basic Architecture
		Deploying Calico
		A Calico Deep Dive
		Implementing Calico Security Policy
	Cilium
		Deploying Cilium
		Integrating Cilium with Your Cloud
	Flannel
		Deploying Flannel
		A Flannel Deep Dive
	Azure Policy
		Azure Policy Quickstart
		Creating Your Own Azure Policy
		Azure Policy for Kubernetes
	Open Policy Agent
		Deploying OPA on Kubernetes
		Deploying Policy with OPA
	Summary
Chapter 9. Distributed Databases and Storage: The Central Bank
	The Need for Distributed Databases in Cloud Native Architecture
		Azure Storage and Database Options
	Introduction to Vitess: Distributed and Sharded MySQL
		Why Run Vitess?
		The Vitess Architecture
		Deploying Vitess on Kubernetes
	Introduction to Rook: Storage Orchestrator for Kubernetes
		The Rook Architecture
		Deploying Rook on Kubernetes
	Introduction to TiKV
		Why Use TiKV?
		The TiKV Architecture
		Deploying TiKV on Kubernetes
	More on etcd
		Hardware Platform
		Autoscaling and Auto-remediation
		Availability and Security
	Summary
Chapter 10. Getting the Message
	The Need for Messaging
	A Sample Messaging Use Case: Log Ingestion and Analytics
		Generation 1: Without Queues
		Generation 2: With Cloud Queues and Object Storage
		Generation 3: With Memory-Based Pub/Sub Queuing
	The Basics of Messaging Platforms
		Messaging Versus Streaming
	Messaging Fundamentals
		Producers and Consumers
		Brokers and Clustering
		Durability and Persistence
		Message Delivery
		Security
	Common Messaging Patterns
		Simple Queue
		Publish and Subscribe
		Durable Queue
	An Overview of Popular Cloud Native Messaging Platforms
		RabbitMQ
		Apache Kafka
		CNCF CloudEvents
	Cloud Messaging Deep Dive with NATS
		NATS Protocol Architecture
		NATS Persistence with JetStream
		NATS Security
		Deploying NATS on Kubernetes
	Azure Messaging Services
		Azure Service Bus
		Azure Event Hubs
		Azure Event Grid
	Summary
Chapter 11. Serverless
	Introduction to Serverless Computing
		What Is Serverless?
		What Is a Serverless Function?
		The Serverless Landscape
		Benefits of Serverless
		Potential Downsides of Serverless
	Azure Function Apps
		Function App Architecture
		Creating a Function App
	Knative
		Knative Architecture
		Installing and Running Knative Serving on Kubernetes
		Installing and Running Knative Eventing on Kubernetes
	KEDA
		KEDA Architecture
		Installing KEDA on Kubernetes
	OpenFaaS
		OpenFaaS Architecture
		Installing OpenFaaS
		Writing Your First OpenFaaS Function
	Summary
Chapter 12. Conclusion
	What’s Next?
Index
About the Authors
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