Cloud Native Applications with Docker and Kubernetes: Design and Build Cloud Architecture and Applications with Microservices, EMQ, and Multi-Site Configurations

Table of Contents
About the Author
About the Technical Reviewer
Source Code
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1: Introduction
	1.1 A Brief History of Web Service Hosting
		1.1.1 The Old Way
		1.1.2 The Virtual Private Server
		1.1.3 From Virtual Private Servers to Containers
		1.1.4 Cloud Native Infrastructure
	1.2 An Overview of This Book
	1.3 Prerequisites
	1.4 Typographical Conventions
Part I: An Introduction to Containers
	Chapter 2: Containers Under the Hood
		2.1 Answering Basic Questions About Containers
			2.1.1 What Are Containers?
			2.1.2 What Problems Do Containers Solve?
			2.1.3 Does It Use a Lot of Disk Space?
			2.1.4 What Is the Relationship Between “Docker” and “Containers”?
		2.2 A Short History of Container Technology
			2.2.1 From Emulators to Virtual Machines
			2.2.2 Increasing Isolation Inside the Operating System
			2.2.3 The Birth of Containers
			2.2.4 The Union Filesystem
			2.2.5 The Rise of Docker
		2.3 Summary
	Chapter 3: A Docker Interactive Tutorial
		3.1 Registries, Repositories, and Tags
		3.2 Running Your First Container
		3.3 Running a Docker Service
		3.4 Running a Whole Operating System
		3.5 Copying Files to and from the Container
		3.6 Creating a New Docker Image
		3.7 Creating Docker Images Using a Recipe
		3.8 Pushing the Image to Docker Hub
		3.9 Logging into a Running Docker Container
		3.10 Summary
	Chapter 4: Best Practices for Building Containers
		4.1 How Not to Build a Container
			4.1.1 Don’t Make a Container Perform Multiple Tasks
			4.1.2 Don’t Include an Entire Operating System
		4.2 Base Images
		4.3 Alpine Distributions
		4.4 Avoid Bloated Images from Deleted Files
		4.5 Make Your Containers Configurable
		4.6 Be Clear About Your Statefulness
		4.7 Final Tips
		4.8 Summary
Part II: Introducing Kubernetes
	Chapter 5: The Cloud Native Philosophy
		5.1 Cloud-Level Operating System
		5.2 Declarative Infrastructure
		5.3 Containers Are “Cattle” Not “Pets”
		5.4 A Note on Costs
		5.5 Summary
	Chapter 6: Getting Started with Kubernetes
		6.1 Setting Up Your First Cluster
		6.2 Deploying Your First Application
		6.3 Looking Around the Kubernetes Dashboard
		6.4 Summary
	Chapter 7: Managing Kubernetes with kubectl
		7.1 Setting Up Your Connection
		7.2 Basic kubectl Commands
		7.3 Playing with kubectl
		7.4 Creating Another Deployment with kubectl
		7.5 Accessing Multiple Clusters
		7.6 Summary
	Chapter 8: An Overview of the Kubernetes Environment
		8.1 Basic Kubernetes Components
			8.1.1 The Control Plane
			8.1.2 Nodes and Pods
			8.1.3 Workloads
			8.1.4 Kubernetes Services
			8.1.5 CoreDNS
			8.1.6 The Structure of a Pod
		8.2 Kubernetes Storage
		8.3 Configuring a Kubernetes Cluster
		8.4 Application Interaction with Kubernetes
		8.5 Summary
	Chapter 9: Basic Kubernetes Management
		9.1 Infrastructure as Code
		9.2 A Short Introduction to YAML
		9.3 Defining Kubernetes Objects in YAML Manifest Files
		9.4 Kubernetes Files for Our Walkthrough Deployment
			9.4.1 Organizing Your Kubernetes Files
		9.5 Deleting Kubernetes Objects
		9.6 Summary
	Chapter 10: A Full Kubernetes Cloud Example
		10.1 The Application Code
		10.2 The Memcache Service
		10.3 The Database Service
		10.4 The Front-End Service
		10.5 The Message Board API Server
		10.6 Configurations and Secrets
		10.7 Making an Ingress
		10.8 Final Thoughts
		10.9 Summary
	Chapter 11: Going Further in Kubernetes
		11.1 Cluster Namespaces
		11.2 Helm
		11.3 Capacity Management and Autoscaling
		11.4 DaemonSets
		11.5 Jobs
		11.6 Cluster Security
		11.7 Customizing Kubernetes
		11.8 Additional Information
		11.9 Summary
Part III: Architecting for the Cloud
	Chapter 12: A Cloud Architecture Introduction
		12.1 What Is Cloud Architecture?
		12.2 Architectural Diagrams
		12.3 Application Policies
		12.4 Summary
	Chapter 13: Basic Cloud Architectures
		13.1 A Basic Load-Balanced Architecture
		13.2 Adding Caching to the Architecture
		13.3 An Ingress to Multiple Load-Balanced Systems
		13.4 Summary
	Chapter 14: A Basic Microservice Architecture
		14.1 What Is a Microservice Architecture?
		14.2 Authentication and Authorization
		14.3 Choosing Where to Cut the Application
		14.4 URL Path Layout
		14.5 Quickly Transitioning to a Microservice Architecture
		14.6 Summary
	Chapter 15: Enterprise Message Queues
		15.1 Basic Message Queue Components and Terminology
		15.2 Working with Work Queues
		15.3 Decoupling Systems with Publish/Subscribe
		15.4 Event Bus Architecture
		15.5 Message Streaming for Permanent Replayability
		15.6 Two-Way Messaging
		15.7 The Job of the Cloud Architect
		15.8 Getting Started with Message Queueing
		15.9 Summary
	Chapter 16: Architecting Data Stores
		16.1 Types of Data Stores
			16.1.1 Relational Databases
			16.1.2 Key/Value Stores
			16.1.3 Document Databases
			16.1.4 Full-Text Databases
			16.1.5 Object/File Stores
			16.1.6 Specialized Persistent Stores
		16.2 Implementing Stores Using a Relational Database
			16.2.1 Document Databases
			16.2.2 Full-Text Search
			16.2.3 Object/File Stores
			16.2.4 Key/Value Stores
		16.3 Database Topologies
		16.4 Database Partitioning
		16.5 Using UUIDs for Primary Keys
		16.6 Thinking About Sources of Truth
		16.7 Summary
	Chapter 17: Extended Cloud Topologies
		17.1 Terminology
		17.2 How Kubernetes Handles Extended Topologies
		17.3 Considerations for Multiregion Deployments
		17.4 Summary
	Chapter 18: Architecture Values
		18.1 Scalability
		18.2 Observability
		18.3 Traceability
		18.4 Testability
		18.5 Predictability
		18.6 Repeatability
		18.7 Integrity and Security
		18.8 Summary
	Chapter 19: Conclusion
Appendix A: Navigating the Linux Command-Line Shell
	A.1 General Command Format
	A.2 Package Management Commands
		A.2.1 Debian Package Management
		A.2.2 Alpine Package Management
		A.2.3 CentOS/Fedora/RHEL Package Management
	A.3 Basic Linux File Commands
	A.4 System Diagnostic Commands
	A.5 Network Diagnostic Commands
	A.6 Application-Level Diagnostic Commands
	A.7 Permission-Based Commands
	A.8 Basic Linux Filesystem Directories
Appendix B: Installing Applications
	B.1 Installing Docker
	B.2 Using Podman
	B.3 Using Apple Silicon
	B.4 Installing kubectl
	B.5 Installing Helm
Appendix C: Common kubectl Commands
	C.1 List Kubernetes Resources and What API Version Defines Them
	C.2 Fire Up a Shell on a Pod
	C.3 Run a Custom Image (and Shell) on a New Pod
	C.4 Attaching to a Pod Container
	C.5 Getting Logs for a Pod
	C.6 Reboot All Pods in a Deployment
	C.7 Forwarding a Local Port to a Port in the Cluster
	C.8 Show Node Health
	C.9 Show All Kubernetes Events
	C.10 Show a Secret
	C.11 Force-Terminate a Pod
	C.12 Some Handy Switches to Remember
	C.13 Accessing the Underlying Node
Appendix D: More on Kubernetes Storage
	D.1 StorageClasses
	D.2 File System Expansion
	D.3 Preprovisioned Storage
	D.4 StatefulSets
	D.5 A Few Additional Details
Appendix E: More on Pod Scheduling
	E.1 Readiness Gates
	E.2 Pod Topology: Affinities and Anti-affinities
	E.3 Node Tainting and Cordoning
Appendix F: Troubleshooting Kubernetes Clusters
	F.1 Connecting to the Cluster
	F.2 Pods Are Not Starting
	F.3 Pods Not Behaving as Expected
	F.4 Pods Can’t Reach Service
	F.5 Ingress Is Not Getting an External IP Address
	F.6 Going Forward
Index