Citizenship and Wars: France in Turmoil 1870-1871

Book Cover......Page 1
Half-Title......Page 2
Title......Page 3
Copyright......Page 4
Dedication......Page 5
CONTENTS......Page 6
ILLUSTRATIONS......Page 8
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 9
ABBREVIATIONS......Page 10
Citizenship......Page 11
Historiography......Page 14
Citizenship and wars, 1870–1......Page 23
2 TOTAL WAR, CIVIL WAR AND ‘MODERNITY’......Page 27
Total war......Page 28
Social war......Page 34
Modernity......Page 38
3 THE CRISIS OF CITIZENSHIP AND LA SOCIALE......Page 41
The National Guard, 1792 and La Marseillaise......Page 43
Federalism and war, ligues, the Ligue du Midi and separatism......Page 49
La sociale and the poor......Page 52
Towards a national social compact?......Page 55
4 MUNICIPAL FREEDOM AND WAR......Page 57
Communes before the Commune......Page 58
Lyons, Montpellier, Limoges and Tulle......Page 60
The limits of decentralisation......Page 64
Paris......Page 66
Fault lines in French politics......Page 69
5 RELIGIOUS IDENTITIES AND CITIZENSHIP......Page 74
Religion and citizenship......Page 75
Turcos and Orientalism at war......Page 76
Jewishness and French identity......Page 82
Republican religions: Protestants, Freemasons and Freethinkers......Page 83
Uneasy Catholics and the religious divide......Page 86
Traitors and spies: defining enemies......Page 92
Threatening citizens: women and war......Page 96
Odd citizens: veterans and children of the war......Page 102
Processes of exclusion......Page 105
7 THE BRUTALISATION OF FRENCH POLITICS......Page 107
Repression, murder and politics......Page 108
Bonapartist cannibals: Hautefaye......Page 109
Street chaos and the murder of Arnaud......Page 110
Institutional violence and the end of the Commune......Page 116
The Weber hypothesis and French unity......Page 123
Desires for centralisation......Page 125
Frenchmen against the Commune......Page 128
New Frenchmen?......Page 133
Overwhelming electors?......Page 136
After the bloodbath: enemies and reconstruction......Page 138
The long constituante: assembly politics and the making of the Third Republic......Page 143
August 1870......Page 146
Revolutionary war phase......Page 147
November 1870......Page 148
January 1871......Page 149
March 1871......Page 150
May 1871......Page 151
January 1872......Page 152
July 1880......Page 153
APPENDIX 2 Detailed breakdown of the French war effort by departments......Page 154
1 Introduction: citizenship, wars and revolutions......Page 158
2 Total war, civil war and ‘modernity’......Page 163
3 The crisis of citizenship and la sociale......Page 166
4 Municipal freedom and war......Page 171
5 Religious identities and citizenship......Page 175
6 The enemy within: traitors and spies, gender and age......Page 181
7 The brutalisation of French politics......Page 185
8 The French state in question......Page 189
9 Union and unity: the Third Republic......Page 193
Appendix 2 Detailed breakdown of the French war effort by departments......Page 196
Bibliography......Page 197
Books and texts written before 1918......Page 198
Books and articles written since 1918......Page 204
INDEX......Page 217