Cities in a Time of Terror: Space, Territory, and Local Resilience (Cities and Contemporary Society)

Cities in aTime of Terror......Page 2
Contents......Page 8
Tables......Page 10
Figures......Page 11
A Thorny Subject......Page 12
Methodology and Data......Page 13
Organization by Theme......Page 16
Acknowledgments......Page 18
Part 1. Background and Theory......Page 22
What Terrorism Is and Is Not......Page 24
Group Terrorism and State Terrorism: Same Genus, Different Species......Page 26
Locating the Urban in Urban Terrorism......Page 28
Fear and Response......Page 32
Focusing on the Terrorized......Page 35
Discerning Global, Mega, and Major Cities......Page 36
Global, Mega, and Major Cities as Targets......Page 39
Comparing the Severity of Attack......Page 43
Conclusions......Page 46
Mega Terror in New York, Madrid, and London......Page 47
Attacks Around the World......Page 49
The Scope of Urban Terror......Page 52
The Frequency of Urban Terror......Page 55
The Severity of Urban Terrorism......Page 57
Global, Mega, and Major Cities......Page 59
Conclusions......Page 64
Politicians, Media, and the “T” Word......Page 65
The Rhetoric of Fear......Page 69
The Tactics of Fear......Page 70
Fear and Weapons of Mass Destruction (CBRN)......Page 72
Public Fear......Page 74
Translating Fear......Page 78
Manipulating Fear......Page 81
Conclusions......Page 84
Part 2. The Geospatial Features of Urban Terrorism......Page 86
Identity Is Not Always Destiny......Page 88
Targeting by City Type......Page 90
Old Small-scale versus New Mega Attacks......Page 98
City Haunts......Page 104
City Haunts as Reconstituted Places......Page 111
From City Haunts to Global Nodes......Page 112
Conclusions......Page 114
City Territory......Page 115
Decontrolling Territory......Page 116
Concentration, Repetition, and Penetration......Page 117
Patterns of Attack in Jerusalem, New York, and London......Page 120
Conclusions: Parallels Across Cities......Page 138
Part 3. Policy Responses and Local Resilience......Page 142
Walls and Barriers......Page 144
Surveillance to Date......Page 147
Shrinking Urban Space......Page 154
Surveillance and Preemption......Page 160
Surveillance on the Horns of a Dilemma......Page 163
Surveillance on Balance......Page 165
Conclusions......Page 167
9/11 Dystopia......Page 169
The Resilient City......Page 172
Sustaining a Better Future......Page 181
Conclusions......Page 187
Part 4. Conclusions......Page 192
Self-Negation versus Self-Affirmation......Page 195
Appendix......Page 199
Notes to Chapter 1......Page 221
Notes to Chapter 2......Page 226
Notes to Chapter 3......Page 228
Notes to Chapter 4......Page 234
Notes to Chapter 5......Page 237
Notes to Chapter 6......Page 240
Notes to Chapter 7......Page 244
References......Page 249
Index......Page 263
About the Author......Page 293