Cities and Economy in Europe: Markets and Trade on the Margins from the Middle Ages to the Present

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Figures
Contributors
Acknowledgements
Markets and Trade on the Margins: An Introduction
	Markets
	Trade
	Margins
	Notes
	Bibliography
Part 1: Markets and Marketplaces, Open and Walled
1. Seats of Power and Marketplaces in Italian Medieval Cities
	Markets in Northern and Central Italy
	Markets in Southern Italy
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
2. The Marketplace (Torg) in Medieval Novgorod as a Space of Commerce and Action
	The Novgorodian Torg: Space and Time
	The Marketplace as a Space of Commerce: Trade Yards and Merchant Associations
	The Marketplace as the Republican Political Space
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
3. Forms and Functions of Market Squares in Medieval Hungary
	Conducting Trade in Streets and Roads
	Fusiform Marketplaces
	Trading on Squares
	The Site of the Market or the Staple Right
	Additional Functions of Marketplaces
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Unpublished Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
4. Annual Fairs and Town Spaces: The Impact of Periodical Trade on Urban Infrastructure in Late Medieval and Early Modern Poland
	Poznań
	Gniezno
	Kalisz
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
5. Trade and Sociability in Markets and Fairs within the Romanian Principalities in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries
	The Economy and Urbanisation in the Romanian Principalities during the Early Modern Period
	Fairs: Their Emergence, Legal Regulation, and Rentability
	The Topography of Fairs and Markets
	Trade and Merchants at the Fairs and Markets of Romanian Principalities
	The Social Mosaic of Markets and Fairs
	Saint Elijah\'s Fair of Fălticeni as Seen by Wilhelm von Kotzebue
	The Social and Entertainment Function of Seasonal Fairs
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
6. A Town Hall or a Trading Facility?: Markets in the Small Towns of Ukraine (Eighteenth and Nineteenth Centuries)
	Historiography and Sources
	Commercial Town Halls in Ukraine and the Historical Context
	Between the Town Hall and the Market Hall
	\"Guest Yards\" and the Rise of Retail Trade
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
7. Greater Prague Emerging, 1880-1922: Space and Money as Politically Significant Variables
	City Expansion: Cost-Benefit Calculation
	Laying the Groundwork for City Expansion
	Merger Negotiations, Part I (the 1880s): Vyšehrad and Holešovice
	Economic Reasons for the Suburbs\' Resistance
	New Impulses from the Imperial Government in Vienna
	Merger Negotiations, Part II (the 1890s): The Case of Libeň
	Merger Negotiations, Part III (the 1900s): Smíchov, Bubeneč, Dejvice, Nusle
	On the (Costly) Road towards Greater Prague
	Prague and Vinohrady: A Complicated Relationship
	The Creation of Greater Prague after 1918
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Unpublished Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
Part 2: The Flow of Trade and the Urban Economy
8. Some Archaeological Evidence for International Trade in Irish Towns in the Middle Ages
	Prehistory
	Early Middle Ages
	Later Middle Ages
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Primary Sources
			Unpublished Sources
		Secondary Literature
9. Landscapes of Paper Production and the Centres of Book Printing in Italy and Central/Western Europe in the Fourteenth to Sixteenth Centuries
	Centres of Paper Production in Italy
	Centres of Paper Production and Book Printing in Central/Western Europe
	Conclusion
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Published Sources
		Secondary Literature
10. Centres and Landscapes of Wool Export Trade in the Crown of Castile from the Fifteenth to the Early Nineteenth Centuries
	Wool Production for Export in the Crown of Castile
	Defending the Interests of Transhumant Sheep Breeders by the Guild of the Mesta
	Increasing Significance of Transhumant Sheep Farmers Resident in Towns
	Infrastructure for the Washing of Wools
	Growth of the Seaports
	Wool Export as a Source of Income for the Castilian Monarchy: The Establishment of Customs and Its Influence on Urbanisation
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Unpublished Sources
		Secondary Literature
11. Trade Routes and Commercial Networks in Early Modern South-Eastern Europe in the Light of Transylvanian Sources
	Local Traders in Southern Transylvania
	\"Greek\" Merchants from the Ottoman Empire
	Networks of Christian Ottoman Merchants
	Conclusions
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Unpublished Sources
		Secondary Literature
12. Timber Trade, Townscapes, and Urban Networks in Early Modern Norway and North-West Europe
	Fish and Timber
	The Structure of the Timber Trade
	Sawmills and Privileges
	Timber and Townscapes
	Quantities and Markets
	Dutch Towns Standing on Norwegian Forests
	The Timber Yards of London
	Bonfires Mark the End of an Era
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Secondary Literature
13. Loss of Urbanity: \"The Death of Grocery Stores and Pubs\" and the Impending End of the Grätzl in Vienna, 1950-1985
	The Death of the Viennese Greißler and Further Deaths: Empirical and Autobiographical Evidence
	(Mis)Developments
	New Shopping: Self-service, Supermarkets, and Shopping Cities
	Loss of Urbanity: The Death of the Viennese Grätzl
	Excursus: The Grätzl—A Village?
	The Chirping of Bunte Vögel (Colourful Birds) and a Loud Fanfare: Erhard Busek (ÖVP) and Helmut Zilk (SPÖ)
	A Glimmer of Hope: The Re-urbanisation of Vienna
	Back to the Grätzl?
	Concluding Remarks: A Look at Today
	Notes
	Bibliography
		Sources
			Unpublished Sources
		Secondary Literature
Index of Personal Names
Index of Places