Changing white attitutes towards black leadership

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Acknowledgments......Page 9
Introduction......Page 13
THE INFORMATION EFFECTS OF BLACK LEADERSHIP......Page 15
UNDERSTANDING THE VARIATION IN REACTIONS......Page 16
WHY BLACK REPRESENTATION AND WHITE LEARNING MATTER......Page 17
THE EMPIRICAL STRATEGY......Page 21
THE CASE OF BLACK MAYORS......Page 22
AN OVERVIEW......Page 23
1 Black Leadership......Page 26
White Uncertainty and Fear in Black Challenger Elections......Page 27
Why Does Black Incumbency Make a Difference ?......Page 29
ENDURING RACIAL STEREOTYPES......Page 33
WHITE BACKLASH......Page 35
VARIATION ACROSS CONTEXTS, INDIVIDUALS, AND LEADERS......Page 36
Learning Across Leaders......Page 37
Learning Across Individuals......Page 38
Learning Across Cities......Page 39
EXISTING RESEARCH......Page 42
IMPROVING ON EXISTING RESEARCH......Page 44
2 The Transformation of the White Vote......Page 50
WILL WHITES VOTE BLACK?......Page 51
DOES INCUMBENCY MATTER?......Page 53
A Broader Phenomenon: All Incumbent Black Mayors......Page 58
THE SHIFTING CALCULUS OF THE WHITE VOTE......Page 60
The Importance of Race in Black Challenger Elections......Page 63
The Irrelevance of Conventional Political Factors in Black Challenger Elections......Page 66
Individual Voices......Page 70
A Different Calculation in Black Incumbent Elections......Page 72
The Black Incumbent's Record and the White Vote......Page 75
Individual White Residents and Learning under Black Incumbents......Page 78
Do White Residents Simply Give Up ?......Page 80
CHANGES OVER TIME......Page 81
ASSESSING WHITE ATTITUDES......Page 85
IMPROVED ATTITUDES UNDER BLACK MAYORS......Page 90
A Causal Connection ?......Page 92
When Do Whites'  Attitudes Change ?......Page 93
Who Changes Their Mind ?......Page 97
IMPLICATIONS......Page 101
4 Learning Across Different Cities......Page 103
TESTING THE EFFECT OF RACIAL DEMOGRAPHICS ON THE WHITE VOTE......Page 107
TESTING COMPETING EXPLANATIONS......Page 109
RACIAL DEMOGRAPHICS AND THE TONE OF MAY ORAL ELECTIONS......Page 110
A BROADER RANGE OF CASES......Page 113
5 Black Mayoral Leadership in Los Angeles......Page 115
BLACK CHALLENGE RELECTIONS: LIMITED INFORMATION AND WHITE FEAR......Page 117
Bradley's Pro-Development Agenda......Page 121
Ongoing White Prosperity......Page 123
Growing White Support and Falling Turnout......Page 124
The Declining Role of Race Among White Voters ?......Page 126
VIEWS OF BRADLEY AS CHALLENGER AND INCUMBENT......Page 129
6 Black Mayoral Leadership in Chicago......Page 135
CONCERNS ABOUT BLACK LEADERSHIP......Page 137
WHAT INFORMATION DID WASHINGTON’S TENURE PROVIDE?......Page 140
ONGOING WHITE CONCERNS......Page 142
CHICAGO AFTER WASHINGTON......Page 145
ALTERNATE EXPLANATIONS FOR CONTINUED WHITE OPPOSITION......Page 147
7 Other Cases Where Information Could Matter......Page 153
BLACK INCUMBENTS IN CONGRESS......Page 154
AFRICAN AMERICANS AND BLACK ELECTED OFFICIALS......Page 159
LATINO AND ASIAN AMERICAN LEADERS......Page 162
TRANSITIONS AROUND THE WORLD......Page 168
Conclusion......Page 171
THE FUTURE OF RACE RELATIONS IN AMERICA......Page 178
Statistical Appendixes......Page 181
White Vote......Page 183
Racial Focus of the Campaign......Page 184
Endorsements (Democratic Party, Local Newspaper)......Page 185
Sources......Page 186
MAYORAL INCUMBENT ELECTIONS DATA SET......Page 187
B Appendix to Chapter 3......Page 189
Independent Variables......Page 190
CASE STUDY SELECTION......Page 194
Racial Concerns......Page 196
Demographics......Page 197
White Racial Prejudice......Page 198
Political Ideology......Page 199
Demographics......Page 200
References......Page 201
Index......Page 225