Changing Law and Contractual Relations under COVID-19: Reallocation of Social Risks in Asian SME Sectors

Introduction
Contents
Editor and Contributors
1 Law and Social Changes in a Pandemic: Results of Survey of COVID-19-Affected SMEs in Kobe, Japan
	1.1 Introduction
	1.2 Characteristics of the Governmental Response to the COVID-19 in Japan
	1.3 Legal System of the Contractual Relations Surrounding SMEs
	1.4 Results of the SME Interview Survey
	1.5 Results of Interviews with Financial Institutions
	1.6 Conclusion
	References
2 Disaster Management and COVID-19 Financial Support for SMEs in Korea
	2.1 Disaster Management Governance
	2.2 Legal Framework of Epidemic Control
	2.3 COVID-19 Transmission Management
		2.3.1 COVID-19 Management System
		2.3.2 Economic Impact Mitigation Measure
	2.4 SME Sector Under COVID-19
	2.5 Results of SME Sector Survey
	2.6 Conclusion
	References
3 Public Health or Economic Recovery: Regulatory Choice Against COVID-19 in Indonesia
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Governance of COVID-19 Infection Control
		3.2.1 Law and Organizational System of COVID-19 Control
		3.2.2 Measures Taken for COVID-19 Infection Control
		3.2.3 Measures to Mitigate Economic Impact
	3.3 SME Sector Under the Impact of COVID-19
		3.3.1 Legal System Surrounding SMEs
		3.3.2 Result of SME Sector Survey
		3.3.3 Result of Worker Interviews
		3.3.4 Result of Bank Interviews
	3.4 Discussion
	3.5 Conclusion
	References
4 Autonomous Adaptation and Governmental Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic: Exploring the Resilience of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises in the Philippines
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 COVID-19 Situation in the Philippines
	4.3 Philippine MSMEs, Disasters, and Resilience
	4.4 Government Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic
		4.4.1 Policy Bases
		4.4.2 COVID-19 Response Strategy
		4.4.3 Institutional Arrangements
		4.4.4 Economic Support for MSMEs
	4.5 Impact of COVID-19 on MSMEs
		4.5.1 Perceived Resilience
		4.5.2 Issues and Challenges
	4.6 MSMEs’ Adaptive Responses to COVID-19
		4.6.1 Organizational Support
		4.6.2 Management Response
		4.6.3 Workers’ Adaptation
	4.7 Conclusion and Recommendations
	References
5 Balancing Medical Needs and Economy Policy in the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review of the Vietnamese Government Response
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Governance of COVID-19 Infection Control
		5.2.1 Law and Organizational System of COVID-19 Control
		5.2.2 Measures Taken for COVID-19 Infection Control
		5.2.3 Measures to Mitigate Economic Impact
		5.2.4 Basic Data of Results
	5.3 SME Sector Under the Impact of COVID-19
		5.3.1 Legal System Surrounding SMEs
		5.3.2 Results of SME Sector Survey
	5.4 Discussion
	References
6 Legal Changes in the COVID-19 Pandemic in Myanmar
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Governance of COVID-19 Infection Control
		6.2.1 Law and Organizational System of COVID-19 Control
		6.2.2 Measures Taken for COVID-19 Infection Control
		6.2.3 Measures to Mitigate Economic Impacts
		6.2.4 Basic Data of Results
	6.3 SME Sector Under the Impact of COVID-19
		6.3.1 Legal System Surrounding SMEs
		6.3.2 Results of SME Sector Survey
		6.3.3 Results of Workers’ Interview
		6.3.4 Results of Banks’ Interview
	6.4 Discussion
7 Asian Perspective on the State and Market Responses to the COVID-19 Pandemic
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 Comparative Perspective on the State Response to Pandemic
	7.3 Economic Measures by Governments
	7.4 Market Response Toward Risk Reallocation
	7.5 Conclusion
	References
533949_1_En_7_Chapter_OnlinePDF
Appendix
A.1 Governance Issues of COVID-19 Response
A.1.1 Legal Basis for the COVID-19 Infection Control
A.1.2 Governance Mechanism of the COVID-19 Response
A.1.3 Measures Taken for the Control of COVID-19 Spread
A.1.4 Issues on the Law and Governance Throughout the COVID-19 Response
A.1.5 Institutional Mechanisms for Checking the Government’s COVID-19 Response
A.1.6 International Assistance
A.1.7 SME Support Measures Applied by the Government
A.1.7.1 Support Measures to SMEs
A.1.7.2 Demand-Side Support to Consumers/Workers (Multiple Answers)
A.1.8 Basic Database on the Results of COVID-19 Infection Control
A.1.8.1 COVID-19 Infection Control
A.1.8.2 Economic Status during the COVID-19 Spread
A.1.8.3 Corporate Insolvency During the COVID-19 Spread
A.2 Questions to Banks/Financial Institutions
A.2.1 Characteristics of the Interviewed Banks/Financial Institutions
A.2.2 Governmental Support Effective for the Economy During the COVID-19 Influence
A.2.3 Lending Practice Compared: Normal Time and During COVID-19
A.2.4 Bank Response to Non-performing SMEs Compared: Normal Time and During COVID-19
A.2.5 Bank Choice of Insolvency Procedure Compared: Normal Time and During COVID-19
A.2.6 Tendency of the Business Rehabilitation Cases
A.3 Questionnaire to the SME Managers
A.3.1 Respondents
A.3.2 Governmental Support Effective for the Economy During the COVID-19 Influence
A.3.3 Business Difficulties of SMEs
A.3.4 Employment Relation
A.3.5 Financial Relation
A.4 Questions to Workers
A.4.1 Employment Relation
A.4.2 Discrimination
A.4.3 Governmental Measures
Annex-1: Behavioral Constrains in Korea in Detail
Annex-2: Indonesia Large-Scale Social Restrictions (PSBB) in Here are 18 Regencies/Cities
Annex-3: New Zealand COVID-19 Alert System
Annex-4: Governmental Support in Korea in Detail