CCNP Enterprise Advanced Routing ENARSI 300-410 Official Cert Guide

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents at a Glance
Contents
Introduction
Chapter 1 IPv4/IPv6 Addressing and Routing Review
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	IPv4 Addressing
		IPv4 Addressing Issues
		Determining IP Addresses Within a Subnet
	DHCP for IPv4
		Reviewing DHCP Operations
		Potential DHCP Troubleshooting Issues
		DHCP Troubleshooting Commands
	IPv6 Addressing
		IPv6 Addressing Review
		EUI-64
	IPv6 SLAAC, Stateful DHCPv6, and Stateless DHCPv6
		SLAAC
		Stateful DHCPv6
		Stateless DHCPv6
		DHCPv6 Operation
		DHCPv6 Relay Agents
	Packet-Forwarding Process
		Reviewing the Layer 3 Packet-Forwarding Process
		Troubleshooting the Packet-Forwarding Process
	Administrative Distance
		Data Structures and the Routing Table
		Sources of Routing Information
	Static Routes
		IPv4 Static Routes
		IPv6 Static Routes
	Trouble Tickets
		IPv4 Addressing and Addressing Technologies Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 1-1
		Trouble Ticket 1-2
		IPv6 Addressing Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 1-3
		Trouble Ticket 1-4
		Static Routing Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 1-5
		Trouble Ticket 1-6
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 2 EIGRP
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	EIGRP Fundamentals
		Autonomous Systems
		EIGRP Terminology
		Topology Table
		EIGRP Neighbors
		Inter-Router Communication
		Forming EIGRP Neighbors
	EIGRP Configuration Modes
		Classic Configuration Mode
		EIGRP Named Mode
		EIGRP Network Statement
		Sample Topology and Configuration
		Confirming Interfaces
		Verifying EIGRP Neighbor Adjacencies
		Displaying Installed EIGRP Routes
		Router ID
		Passive Interfaces
		Authentication
		Keychain Configuration
		Enabling Authentication on the Interface
	Path Metric Calculation
		Wide Metrics
		Metric Backward Compatibility
		Interface Delay Settings
		Custom K Values
		Load Balancing
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 3 Advanced EIGRP
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Failure Detection and Timers
		Convergence
		Stuck in Active
	Route Summarization
		Interface-Specific Summarization
		Summary Discard Routes
		Summarization Metrics
		Automatic Summarization
	WAN Considerations
		EIGRP Stub Router
		Stub Site Functions
		IP Bandwidth Percentage
		Split Horizon
	Route Manipulation
		Route Filtering
		Traffic Steering with EIGRP Offset Lists
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 4 Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 Neighbor Adjacencies
		Interface Is Down
		Mismatched Autonomous System Numbers
		Incorrect Network Statement
		Mismatched K Values
		Passive Interface
		Different Subnets
		Authentication
		ACLs
		Timers
	Troubleshooting EIGRP for IPv4 Routes
		Bad or Missing network Command
		Better Source of Information
		Route Filtering
		Stub Configuration
		Interface Is Shut Down
		Split Horizon
	Troubleshooting Miscellaneous EIGRP for IPv4 Issues
		Feasible Successors
		Discontiguous Networks and Autosummarization
		Route Summarization
		Load Balancing
	EIGRP for IPv4 Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 4-1
		Trouble Ticket 4-2
		Trouble Ticket 4-3
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 5 EIGRPv6
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	EIGRPv6 Fundamentals
		EIGRPv6 Inter-Router Communication
		EIGRPv6 Configuration
		EIGRPv6 Classic Mode Configuration
		EIGRPv6 Named Mode Configuration
		EIGRPv6? Verification
		IPv6 Route Summarization
		Default Route Advertising
		Route Filtering
	Troubleshooting EIGRPv6 Neighbor Issues
		Interface Is Down
		Mismatched Autonomous System Numbers
		Mismatched K Values
		Passive Interfaces
		Mismatched Authentication
		Timers
		Interface Not Participating in Routing Process
		ACLs
	Troubleshooting EIGRPv6 Routes
		Interface Not Participating in the Routing Process
		Better Source of Information
		Route Filtering
		Stub Configuration
		Split Horizon
	Troubleshooting Named EIGRP
	EIGRPv6 and Named EIGRP Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 5-1
		Trouble Ticket 5-2
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 6 OSPF
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	OSPF Fundamentals
		Areas
		Inter-Router Communication
		Router ID
		OSPF Hello Packets
		Neighbors
		Requirements for Neighbor Adjacency
	OSPF Configuration
		OSPF Network Statement
		Interface-Specific Configuration
		Passive Interfaces
		Sample Topology and Configuration
		Confirmation of Interfaces
		Verification of OSPF Neighbor Adjacencies
		Viewing OSPF Installed Routes
		External OSPF Routes
		Default Route Advertisement
	The Designated Router and Backup Designated Router
		Designated Router Elections
		DR and BDR Placement
	OSPF Network Types
		Broadcast
		Nonbroadcast
		Point-to-Point Networks
		Point-to-Multipoint Networks
		Loopback Networks
	Failure Detection
		Hello Timer
		Dead Interval Timer
		Verifying OSPF Timers
	Authentication
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 7 Advanced OSPF
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Link-State Advertisements
		LSA Sequences
		LSA Age and Flooding
		LSA Types
		LSA Type 1: Router Link
		LSA Type 2: Network Link
		LSA Type 3: Summary Link
		LSA Type 5: External Routes
		LSA Type 4: ASBR Summary
		LSA Type 7: NSSA External Summary
		LSA Type Summary
	OSPF Stubby Areas
		Stub Areas
		Totally Stubby Areas
		Not-So-Stubby Areas
		Totally NSSAs
	OSPF Path Selection
		Link Costs
		Intra-area Routes
		Inter-area Routes
		External Route Selection
		E1 and N1 External Routes
		E2 and N2 External Routes
		Equal-Cost Multipathing
	Summarization of Routes
		Summarization Fundamentals
		Inter-area Summarization
		Configuration of Inter-area Summarization
		External Summarization
	Discontiguous Network
	Virtual Links
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 8 Troubleshooting OSPFv2
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Neighbor Adjacencies
		Interface Is Down
		Interface Not Running the OSPF Process
		Mismatched Timers
		Mismatched Area Numbers
		Mismatched Area Type
		Different Subnets
		Passive Interface
		Mismatched Authentication Information
		ACLs
		MTU Mismatch
		Duplicate Router IDs
		Mismatched Network Types
	Troubleshooting OSPFv2 Routes
		Interface Not Running the OSPF Process
		Better Source of Information
		Route Filtering
		Stub Area Configuration
		Interface Is Shut Down
		Wrong Designated Router Elected
		Duplicate Router IDs
	Troubleshooting Miscellaneous OSPFv2 Issues
		Tracking OSPF Advertisements Through a Network
		Route Summarization
		Discontiguous Areas
		Load Balancing
		Default Route
	OSPFv2 Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 8-1
		Trouble Ticket 8-2
		Trouble Ticket 8-3
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 9 OSPFv3
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	OSPFv3 Fundamentals
		OSPFv3 Link-State Advertisement
		OSPFv3 Communication
	OSPFv3 Configuration
		OSPFv3 Verification
		The Passive Interface
		IPv6 Route Summarization
		Network Type
		OSPFv3 Authentication
		OSPFv3 Link-Local Forwarding
	OSPFv3 LSA Flooding Scope
		References in This Chapter
		Exam Preparation Tasks
		Review All Key Topics
		Define Key Terms
		Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 10 Troubleshooting OSPFv3
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Troubleshooting OSPFv3 for IPv6
		OSPFv3 Troubleshooting Commands
	OSPFv3 Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 10-1
		Trouble Ticket 10-2
	Troubleshooting OSPFv3 Address Families
	OSPFv3 AF Trouble Ticket
		Trouble Ticket 10-3
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 11 BGP
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	BGP Fundamentals
		Autonomous System Numbers (ASNs)
		BGP Sessions
		Path Attributes
		Loop Prevention
		Address Families
		Inter-Router Communication
		BGP Messages
		BGP Neighbor States
	Basic BGP Configuration
		Verification of BGP Sessions
		Route Advertisement
		Receiving and Viewing Routes
	Understanding BGP Session Types and Behaviors
		iBGP
		iBGP Full Mesh Requirement
		Peering Using Loopback Addresses
		eBGP
		eBGP and iBGP Topologies
		Next-Hop Manipulation
		iBGP Scalability Enhancements
		Route Reflectors
		Confederations
	Multiprotocol BGP for IPv6
		IPv6 Configuration
		IPv6 over IPv4
	References in This Chapter
		Exam Preparation Tasks
		Review All Key Topics
		Define Key Terms
		Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 12 Advanced BGP
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Route Summarization
		Aggregate Addresses
		The Atomic Aggregate Attribute
		Route Aggregation with AS_SET
		IPv6 Summarization
	BGP Route Filtering and Manipulation
		Distribute List Filtering
		Prefix List Filtering
		AS_Path Filtering
		Regular Expressions (Regex)
		AS_Path ACLs
		Route Maps
		Clearing BGP Connections
	BGP Communities
		Enabling BGP Community Support
		Well-Known Communities
		The No_Advertise BGP Community
		The No_Export BGP Community
		The Local AS (No_Export_SubConfed) BGP Community
		Conditionally Matching BGP Communities
		Setting Private BGP Communities
	Maximum Prefix
	Configuration Scalability
		IOS XE Peer Groups
		IOS XE Peer Templates
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 13 BGP Path Selection
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Understanding BGP Path Selection
	BGP Best Path
		Weight
		Local Preference
		Phase I: Initial BGP Edge Route Processing
		Phase II: BGP Edge Evaluation of Multiple Paths
		Phase III: Final BGP Processing State
		Locally Originated in the Network or Aggregate Advertisement
		Accumulated Interior Gateway Protocol (AIGP)
		Shortest AS_Path
		Origin Type
		Multi-Exit Discriminator
		Missing MED Behavior
		Always Compare MED
		BGP Deterministic MED
		eBGP over iBGP
		Lowest IGP Metric
		Prefer the Oldest EBGP Session
		Router ID
		Minimum Cluster List Length
		Lowest Neighbor Address
	BGP Multipath
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 14 Troubleshooting BGP
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Troubleshooting BGP Neighbor Adjacencies
		Interface Is Down
		Layer 3 Connectivity Is Broken
		Path to the Neighbor Is Through the Default Route
		Neighbor Does Not Have a Route to the Local Router
		Incorrect neighbor Statement
		BGP Packets Sourced from the Wrong IP Address
		ACLs
		The TTL of the BGP Packet Expires
		Mismatched Authentication
		Misconfigured Peer Groups
		Timers
	Troubleshooting BGP Routes
		Missing or Bad network mask Command
		Next-Hop Router Not Reachable
		BGP Split-Horizon Rule
		Better Source of Information
		Route Filtering
	Troubleshooting BGP Path Selection
		Understanding the Best-Path Decision-Making Process
		Private Autonomous System Numbers
		Using debug Commands
	Troubleshooting BGP for IPv6
	BGP Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 14-1
		Trouble Ticket 14-2
		Trouble Ticket 14-3
	MP-BGP Trouble Ticket
		Trouble Ticket 14-4
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 15 Route Maps and Conditional Forwarding
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Conditional Matching
		Access Control Lists (ACLs)
		Standard ACLs
		Extended ACLs
		Prefix Matching
		Prefix Lists
		IPv6 Prefix Lists
	Route Maps
		Conditional Matching
		Complex Matching
		Optional Actions
		Continue
	Conditional Forwarding of Packets
		PBR Configuration
		Local PBR
	Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 15-1
		Trouble Ticket 15-2
		Trouble Ticket 15-3
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 16 Route Redistribution
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Redistribution Overview
		Redistribution Is Not Transitive
		Sequential Protocol Redistribution
		Routes Must Exist in the RIB
		Seed Metrics
	Protocol-Specific Configuration
		Source-Specific Behaviors
		Connected Networks
		BGP
		Destination-Specific Behaviors
		EIGRP
		EIGRP-to-EIGRP Redistribution
		OSPF
		OSPF-to-OSPF Redistribution
		OSPF Forwarding Address
		BGP
	Reference in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 17 Troubleshooting Redistribution
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Troubleshooting Advanced Redistribution Issues
		Troubleshooting Suboptimal Routing Caused by Redistribution
		Troubleshooting Routing Loops Caused by Redistribution
	Troubleshooting IPv4 and IPv6 Redistribution
		Route Redistribution Review
		Troubleshooting Redistribution into EIGRP
		Troubleshooting Redistribution into OSPF
		Troubleshooting Redistribution into BGP
		Troubleshooting Redistribution with Route Maps
	Redistribution Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 17-1
		Trouble Ticket 17-2
		Trouble Ticket 17-3
		Trouble Ticket 17-4
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 18 VRF, MPLS, and MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Implementing and Verifying VRF-Lite
		VRF-Lite Overview
		Creating and Verifying VRF Instances
	An Introduction to MPLS Operations
		MPLS LIB and LFIB
		Label Switching Routers
	Forwarding Equivalence Class (FEC)
		Label-Switched Path
		Labels
		Label Distribution Protocol
		Label Switching
		Penultimate-Hop Popping
		MPLS LDP Features
		MPLS Traffic Engineering
	An Introduction to MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
		MPLS Layer 3 VPNs
		MPLS Layer 3 VPNv4 Addresses, RDs, and RTs
		MPLS Layer 3 VPN Label Stack
	Reference in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 19 DMVPN Tunnels
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) Tunnels
		GRE Tunnel Configuration
		GRE Sample Configuration
	Next Hop Resolution Protocol (NHRP)
	Dynamic Multipoint VPN (DMVPN)
		Phase 1: Spoke-to-Hub
		Phase 2: Spoke-to-Spoke
		Phase 3: Hierarchical Tree Spoke-to-Spoke
		DMVPN Phase Comparison
	DMVPN Configuration
		DMVPN Hub Configuration
		DMVPN Spoke Configuration for DMVPN Phase 1 (Point-to-Point)
		Viewing DMVPN Tunnel Status
		Viewing the NHRP Cache
		DMVPN Configuration for Phase 3 DMVPN (Multipoint)
		IP NHRP Authentication
		Unique IP NHRP Registration
	Spoke-to-Spoke Communication
		Forming Spoke-to-Spoke Tunnels
		NHRP Routing Table Manipulation
		NHRP Routing Table Manipulation with Summarization
	Problems with Overlay Networks
		Recursive Routing Problems
		Outbound Interface Selection
		Front Door Virtual Routing and Forwarding (FVRF)
		Configuring Front Door VRF (FVRF)
		FVRF Static Routes
	DMVPN Failure Detection and High Availability
		DMVPN Hub Redundancy
	IPv6 DMVPN Configuration
		IPv6-over-IPv6 Sample Configuration
		IPv6 DMVPN Verification
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 20 Securing DMVPN Tunnels
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Elements of Secure Transport
	IPsec Fundamentals
		Security Protocols
		Authentication Header
		Encapsulating Security Payload (ESP)
		Key Management
		Security Associations
		ESP Modes
		DMVPN Without IPsec
		DMVPN with IPsec in Transport Mode
		DMVPN with IPsec in Tunnel Mode
	IPsec Tunnel Protection
		Pre-Shared Key Authentication
		IKEv2 Keyring
		IKEv2 Profile
		IPsec Transform Set
		IPsec Profile
		Encrypting the Tunnel Interface
		IPsec Packet Replay Protection
		Dead Peer Detection
		NAT Keepalives
		Complete IPsec DMVPN Configuration with Pre-Shared Authentication
		Verifying Encryption on DMVPN Tunnels
		IKEv2 Protection
	References in This Chapter
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 21 Troubleshooting ACLs and Prefix Lists
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Troubleshooting IPv4 ACLs
		Reading an IPv4 ACL
		Using an IPv4 ACL for Filtering
		Using a Time-Based IPv4 ACL
	Troubleshooting IPv6 ACLs
		Reading an IPv6 ACL
		Using an IPv6 ACL for Filtering
	Troubleshooting Prefix Lists
		Reading a Prefix List
		Prefix List Processing
	Trouble Tickets
		Trouble Ticket 21-1: IPv4 ACL Trouble Ticket
		Trouble Ticket 21-2: IPv6 ACL Trouble Ticket
		Trouble Ticket 21-3: Prefix List Trouble Ticket
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 22 Infrastructure Security
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Cisco IOS AAA Troubleshooting
	Troubleshooting Unicast Reverse Path Forwarding (uRPF)
	Troubleshooting Control Plane Policing (CoPP)
		Creating ACLs to Identify the Traffic
		Creating Class Maps to Define a Traffic Class
		Creating Policy Maps to Define a Service Policy
		Applying the Service Policy to the Control Plane
		CoPP Summary
	IPv6 First-Hop Security
		Binding Table
		IPv6 Snooping
		Router Advertisement (RA) Guard
		DHCPv6 Guard
		Source Guard
		Destination Guard
		Prefix Guard
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
	Use the IPv6 Features Table to Check Your Memory
Chapter 23 Device Management and Management Tools Troubleshooting
	“Do I Know This Already?” Quiz
	Foundation Topics
	Device Management Troubleshooting
		Console Access Troubleshooting
		vty Access Troubleshooting
		Telnet
		SSH
		Password Encryption Levels
		Remote Transfer Troubleshooting
		TFTP
		HTTP(S)
		FTP
		SCP
	Management Tools Troubleshooting
		Syslog Troubleshooting
		SNMP Troubleshooting
		Cisco IOS IP SLA Troubleshooting
		Object Tracking Troubleshooting
		NetFlow and Flexible NetFlow Troubleshooting
		Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD)
		Cisco DNA Center Assurance
	Exam Preparation Tasks
	Review All Key Topics
	Define Key Terms
	Use the Command Reference to Check Your Memory
Chapter 24 Final Preparation
	Advice About the Exam Event
		Think About Your Time Budget Versus Numbers of Questions
		A Suggested Time-Check Method
		Miscellaneous Pre-Exam Suggestions
		Exam-Day Advice
		Reserve the Hour After the Exam in Case You Fail
		Take Practice Exams
		Advice on How to Answer Exam Questions
		Assessing Whether You Are Ready to Pass (and the Fallacy of Exam Scores)
		Study Suggestions After Failing to Pass
		Other Study Tasks
		Final Thoughts
Chapter 25 ENARSI 300-410 Exam Updates
	The Purpose of This Chapter
		About Possible Exam Updates
		Impact on You and Your Study Plan
	News About the Next Exam Release
	Updated Technical Content
Appendix A: Answers to the “Do I Know This Already?” Quiz Questions
Glossary
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	J
	K
	L
	M
	N
	O
	P
	Q
	R
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	X
	Y
	Z
Online Elements
	Appendix B: Command Reference Exercises
	Appendix C: Command Reference Exercises Answer Key
	Appendix D: Study Planner