Cassandra: The Definitive Guide: Distributed Data at Web Scale

Copyright
Table of Contents
Foreword
Preface
	Why Apache Cassandra?
	Is This Book for You?
	What’s in This Book?
	New for the Third Edition
	Conventions Used in This Book
	Using Code Examples
	O’Reilly Interactive Katacoda Scenarios
	O’Reilly Online Learning
	How to Contact Us
	Acknowledgments
Chapter 1. Beyond Relational Databases
	What’s Wrong with Relational Databases?
	A Quick Review of Relational Databases
		Transactions, ACID-ity, and Two-Phase Commit
		Schema
		Sharding and Shared-Nothing Architecture
	Web Scale
	The Rise of NoSQL
	Summary
Chapter 2. Introducing Cassandra
	The Cassandra Elevator Pitch
		Cassandra in 50 Words or Less
		Distributed and Decentralized
		Elastic Scalability
		High Availability and Fault Tolerance
		Tuneable Consistency
		Brewer’s CAP Theorem
		Row-Oriented
		High Performance
	Where Did Cassandra Come From?
	Is Cassandra a Good Fit for My Project?
		Large Deployments
		Lots of Writes, Statistics, and Analysis
		Geographical Distribution
		Hybrid Cloud and Multicloud Deployment
	Getting Involved
	Summary
Chapter 3. Installing Cassandra
	Installing the Apache Distribution
		Extracting the Download
		What’s in There?
	Building from Source
		Additional Build Targets
	Running Cassandra
		Setting the Environment
		Starting the Server
		Stopping Cassandra
	Other Cassandra Distributions
	Running the CQL Shell
	Basic cqlsh Commands
		cqlsh Help
		Describing the Environment in cqlsh
		Creating a Keyspace and Table in cqlsh
		Writing and Reading Data in cqlsh
	Running Cassandra in Docker
	Summary
Chapter 4. The Cassandra Query Language
	The Relational Data Model
	Cassandra’s Data Model
		Clusters
		Keyspaces
		Tables
		Columns
	CQL Types
		Numeric Data Types
		Textual Data Types
		Time and Identity Data Types
		Other Simple Data Types
		Collections
		Tuples
		User-Defined Types
	Summary
Chapter 5. Data Modeling
	Conceptual Data Modeling
	RDBMS Design
		Design Differences Between RDBMS and Cassandra
	Defining Application Queries
	Logical Data Modeling
		Hotel Logical Data Model
		Reservation Logical Data Model
	Physical Data Modeling
		Hotel Physical Data Model
		Reservation Physical Data Model
	Evaluating and Refining
		Calculating Partition Size
		Calculating Size on Disk
		Breaking Up Large Partitions
	Defining Database Schema
		Cassandra Data Modeling Tools
	Summary
Chapter 6. The Cassandra Architecture
	Data Centers and Racks
	Gossip and Failure Detection
	Snitches
	Rings and Tokens
	Virtual Nodes
	Partitioners
	Replication Strategies
	Consistency Levels
	Queries and Coordinator Nodes
	Hinted Handoff
	Anti-Entropy, Repair, and Merkle Trees
	Lightweight Transactions and Paxos
	Memtables, SSTables, and Commit Logs
	Bloom Filters
	Caching
	Compaction
	Deletion and Tombstones
	Managers and Services
		Cassandra Daemon
		Storage Engine
		Storage Service
		Storage Proxy
		Messaging Service
		Stream Manager
		CQL Native Transport Server
	System Keyspaces
	Summary
Chapter 7. Designing Applications with Cassandra
	Hotel Application Design
		Cassandra and Microservice Architecture
		Microservice Architecture for a Hotel Application
		Identifying Bounded Contexts
		Identifying Services
		Designing Microservice Persistence
	Extending Designs
		Secondary Indexes
		Materialized Views
	Reservation Service: A Sample Microservice
		Design Choices for a Java Microservice
	Deployment and Integration Considerations
		Services, Keyspaces, and Clusters
		Data Centers and Load Balancing
		Interactions Between Microservices
	Summary
Chapter 8. Application Development with Drivers
	DataStax Java Driver
		Development Environment Configuration
		Connecting to a Cluster
		Statements
		Simple Statements
		Prepared Statements
		Query Builder
		Object Mapper
		Asynchronous Execution
		Driver Configuration
		Metadata
		Debugging and Monitoring
	Other Cassandra Drivers
	Summary
Chapter 9. Writing and Reading Data
	Writing
		Write Consistency Levels
		The Cassandra Write Path
		Writing Files to Disk
		Lightweight Transactions
		Batches
	Reading
		Read Consistency Levels
		The Cassandra Read Path
		Read Repair
		Range Queries, Ordering and Filtering
		Paging
	Deleting
	Summary
Chapter 10. Configuring and Deploying Cassandra
	Cassandra Cluster Manager
		Creating a Cluster
		Adding Nodes to a Cluster
		Dynamic Ring Participation
	Node Configuration
		Seed Nodes
		Snitches
		Partitioners
		Tokens and Virtual Nodes
		Network Interfaces
		Data Storage
		Startup and JVM Settings
	Planning a Cluster Deployment
		Cluster Topology and Replication Strategies
		Sizing Your Cluster
		Selecting Instances
		Storage
		Network
	Cloud Deployment
		Amazon Web Services
		Google Cloud Platform
		Microsoft Azure
	Summary
Chapter 11. Monitoring
	Monitoring Cassandra with JMX
	Cassandra’s MBeans
		Database MBeans
		Cluster-Related MBeans
		Internal MBeans
	Monitoring with nodetool
		Getting Cluster Information
		Getting Statistics
	Virtual Tables
		System Virtual Schema
		System Views
	Metrics
	Logging
		Examining Log Files
		Full Query Logging
	Summary
Chapter 12. Maintenance
	Health Check
	Common Maintenance Tasks
		Flush
		Cleanup
		Repair
		Rebuilding Indexes
		Moving Tokens
	Adding Nodes
		Adding Nodes to an Existing Data Center
		Adding a Data Center to a Cluster
	Handling Node Failure
		Repairing Failed Nodes
		Replacing Nodes
		Removing Nodes
	Upgrading Cassandra
	Backup and Recovery
		Taking a Snapshot
		Clearing a Snapshot
		Enabling Incremental Backup
		Restoring from Snapshot
	SSTable Utilities
	Maintenance Tools
		Netflix Priam
		DataStax OpsCenter
		Cassandra Sidecars
		Cassandra Kubernetes Operators
	Summary
Chapter 13. Performance Tuning
	Managing Performance
		Setting Performance Goals
		Benchmarking and Stress Testing
		Monitoring Performance
		Analyzing Performance Issues
		Tracing
		Tuning Methodology
	Caching
		Key Cache
		Row Cache
		Chunk Cache
		Counter Cache
		Saved Cache Settings
	Memtables
	Commit Logs
	SSTables
	Hinted Handoff
	Compaction
	Concurrency and Threading
	Networking and Timeouts
	JVM Settings
		Memory
		Garbage Collection
	Summary
Chapter 14. Security
	Authentication and Authorization
		Password Authenticator
		Using CassandraAuthorizer
		Role-Based Access Control
	Encryption
		SSL, TLS, and Certificates
		Node-to-Node Encryption
		Client-to-Node Encryption
	JMX Security
		Securing JMX Access
		Security MBeans
	Audit Logging
	Summary
Chapter 15. Migrating and Integrating
	Knowing When to Migrate
	Adapting the Data Model
		Translating Entities
		Translating Relationships
	Adapting the Application
		Refactoring Data Access
		Maintaining Consistency
		Migrating Stored Procedures
	Planning the Deployment
	Migrating Data
		Zero-Downtime Migration
		Bulk Loading
	Common Integrations
		Managing Data Flow with Apache Kafka
		Searching with Apache Lucene, SOLR, and Elasticsearch
		Analyzing Data with Apache Spark
	Summary
Index
About the Authors
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