Campbell Biology, Third Canadian Edition (3rd Edition)

cover
About the Authors
Brief Contents
Detailed Contents
Preface
Featured Figures
1 Evolution, the Themes of
Biology, and Scientific Inquiry
Inquiring About Life
Nearly all parts of the Canada yew (Taxus canadensis, Figure 1.1) contain poisonous
chemicals called taxanes, which are produced by T. canadensis as defensive
compounds that help to defend against invading fungi. Could these taxanes have
pharmaceutical properties?
In the 1960s, paclitaxel (also called Taxol®) was discovered in the bark of the
Pacific yew tree (Taxus brevifolia, see the photo below) and was later found to be a
highly effective cancer drug, used in the treatment of ovarian cancer. However, to
obtain the drug from this tree, the bark needed to be harvested, resulting in the death
of the tree. With T. brevifolia now threatened, extracting this drug was not sustainable. It was later found that T. canadensis was also a good source of paclitaxel, and that
it could be sustainably harvested by extracting the drug from new growth (like the
green branches above). Currently, T. canadensis is commercially harve
2 The Chemical Context of Lif
3 Water and Life
4 Carbon and the Molecular
Diversity of Life
5 The Structure and Function
of Large Biological Molecules
6 A Tour of the Cell
7 Membrane Structure
and Function
8 An Introduction
to Metabolism
9 Cellular Respiration
and Fermentation
10 Photosynthesis
11 Cell Communication
12 The Cell Cycle
13 Meiosis and Sexual
Life Cycles
14 Mendel and the Gene Idea
15 The Chromosomal Basis
of Inheritance
16 The Molecular Basis
of Inheritance
17 Gene Expression:
From Gene to Protein
18 Regulation of Gene
Expression
19 Viruses
20 DNA Tools and
Biotechnology
21 Genomes and Their Evolution
22 Descent with Modification:
A Darwinian View of Life
23 The Evolution of Populations
24 The Origin of Species
25 The History of Life on Earth
26 Phylogeny and the Tree of Life
27 Bacteria and Archaea
28 Protists
29 Plant Diversity I:
How Plants Colonized Land
30 Plant Diversity II:
The Evolution of Seed Plants
31 Fungi
32 An Overview of Animal
Diversity
33 An Introduction
to Invertebrates
34 The Origin and Evolution
of Vertebrates
35 Plant Structure, Growth,
and Development
36 Resource Acquisition and
Transport in Vascular Plants
37 Soil and Plant Nutrition
38 Angiosperm Reproduction and Biotechnology
39 Plant Responses to Internal
and External Signals
40 Basic Principles of Animal Form and Functio
41 Animal Nutrition
42 Circulation and Gas Exchange
43 The Immune System
44 Osmoregulation and Excretion
45 Hormones and the
Endocrine System
46 Animal Reproduction
47 Animal Development
48 Neurons, Synapses,
and Signalling
49 Nervous Systems
50 Sensory and Motor
Mechanisms
51 Animal Behaviour
52 An Introduction to Ecology and the Biosphere
53 Population Ecology
54 Community Ecology
55 Ecosystems and Restoration Ecology
56 Conservation Biology
and Global Change
A P P E N D I X A Answers
A P P E N D I X B Periodic Table of the Elements
A P P E N D I X CA Comparison of the Light Microscope and the Electron Microscope
A P P E N D I X D Classification of Life
Glossary
Index