C Programming: A Modern Approach

Cover
Preface
Brief Contents
Contents
1 Introducing C
	1.1 History of C
	1.2 Strengths and Weaknesses of C
	1 Q & A
2 C Fundamentals
	2.1 Writing a Simple Program
	2.2 The General Form of a Simple Program
	2.3 Comments
	2.4 Variables and Assignment
	2.5 Reading Input
	2.6 Defining Names for Constants
	2.7 Identifiers
	2.8 Layout of a C Program
	2 Q & A
	2 Exercises
	2 Programming Projects
3 Formatted Input/Output
	3.1 The printf Function
	3.2 The scanf Function
	3 Q & A
	3 Exercises
	3 Programming Projects
4 Expressions
	4.1 Arithmetic Operators
	4.2 Assignment Operators
	4.3 Increment and Decrement Operators
	4.4 Expression Evaluation
	4.5 Expression Statements
	4 Q & A
	4 Exercises
	4 Programming Projects
5 Selection Statements
	5.1 Logical Expressions
	5.2 The if statement
	5.3 The switch Statement
	5 Q & A
	5 Exercises
	5 Programming Projects
6 Loops
	6.1 The while Statement
	6.2 The do Statement
	6.3 The for Statement
	6.4 Exiting from a Loop
	6.5 The Null Statement
	6 Q & A
	6 Exercises
	6 Programming Projects
7 Basic Types
	7.1 Integer Types
	7.2 Floating Types
	7.3 Character Types
	7.4 Type Conversion
	7.5 Type Definitions
	7.6 The sizeof Operator
	7 Q & A
	7 Exercises
	7 Programming Projects
8 Arrays
	8.1 One-Dimensional Arrays
	8.2 Multidimensional Arrays
	8.3 Variable-Length Arrays (C99)
	8 Q & A
	8 Exercises
	8 Programming Projects
9 Functions
	9.1 Defining and Callling Functions
	9.2 Function Declarations
	9.3 Arguments
	9.4 The return Statement
	9.5 Program Termination
	9.6 Recursion
	9 Q & A
	9 Exercises
	9 Programming Projects
10 Program Organization
	10.1 Local Variables
	10.2 External Variables
	10.3 Blocks
	10.4 Scope
	10.5 Organizing a C Program
	10 Q & A
	10 Exercises
	10 Programming Projects
11 Pointers
	11.1 Pointer Variables
	11.2 The Address and Indirection Operators
	11.3 Pointer Assignment
	11.4 Pointers as Arguments
	11.5 Pointers as Return Values
	11 Q & A
	11 Exercises
	11 Programming Projects
12 Pointers and Arrays
	12.1 Pointer Arithmetic
	12.2 Using Pointers for Array Processing
	12.3 Using an Array name as a Pointer
	12.4 Pointers and Multidimensional Arrays
	12.5 Pointers and Variable-Length Arrays (C99)
	12 Q & A
	12 Exercises
	12 Programming Projects
13 Strings
	13.1 String Literals
	13.2 String Variables
	13.3 Reading and Writing Strings
	13.4 Accessing the Characters in a String
	13.5 Using the C String Library
	13.6 String Idioms
	13.7 Arrays of Strings
	13 Q & A
	13 Exercises
	13 Programming Projects
14 The Preprocessor
	14.1 How the Preprocessor Works
	14.2 Preprocessing Directives
	14.3 Macro Definitions
	14.4 Conditional Compilation
	14.5 Miscellaneous Directives
	14 Q & A
	14 Exercises
15 Writing Large Programs
	15.1 Source Files
	15.2 Header Files
	15.3 Dividing a Program into Files
	15.4 Building a Multiple-File Program
	15 Q & A
	15 Exercises
	15 Programming Projects
16 Structures, Unions, and Enumerations
	16.1 Structure Variables
	16.2 Structure Types
	16.3 Nested Arrays and Structures
	16.4 Unions
	16.5 Enumerations
	16 Q & A
	16 Exercises
	16 Programming Projects
17 Advanced Uses of Pointers
	17.1 Dynamic Storage Allocation
	17.2 Dynamically Allocated Strings
	17.3 Dynamically Allocated Arrays
	17.4 Deallocating Storage
	17.5 Linked Lists
	17.6 Pointers to Pointers
	17.7 pointers to Functions
	17.8 Restricted Pointers (C99)
	17.9 Flexible Array Members (C99)
	17 Q & A
	17 Exercises
	17 Programming Projects
18 Declarations
	18.1 Declaration Syntax
	18.2 Storage Classes
	18.3 Type Qualifiers
	18.4 Declarators
	18.5 Initializers
	18.6 Inline Functions (C99)
	18 Q & A
	18 Exercises
19 Program Design
	19.1 Modules
	19.2 Information Hiding
	19.3 Abstract Data Types
	19.4 A Stack Abstract Data Type
	19.5 Design Issues for Abstract Data Types
	19 Q & A
	19 Exercises
	19 Programming Projects
20 Low-Level Programming
	20.1 BItwise Operators
	20.2 Bit-Fields in Structures
	20.3 Other Low-Level Techniques
	20 Q & A
	20 Exercises
	20 Programming Projects
21 The Standard Library
	21.1 Using the Library
	21.2 C89 Library Overview
		Functions Hidden by Macros
	21.3 C99 Library Changes
	21.4 The  Header: Common Definitions
	21.5 The  Header (C99): Boolean Type and Values
	21 Q & A
	21 Exercises
	21 Programming Projects
22 Input/Output
	22.1 Streams
	22.2 File Operations
		Opening a File
		Closing a File
		Temporary Files
		File Buffering
		Miscellaneous File Operations
	22.3 Formatted I/O
	22.4 Character I/O
	22.5 Line I/O
	22.6 Block I/O
	22.7 File Positioning
	22.8 String I/O
	22 Q & A
	22 Exercises
	22 Programming Projects
23 Library Support for Numbers and Character Data
	23.1 The  Header: Characteristics of Floating Types
	23.2 The  Header: Sizes of Integer Types
	23.3 The  Header (C89): Mathematics
	23.4 The  Header (C99): Mathematics
	23.5 The  Header: Character Handling
	23.6 The  Header: String Handling
	23 Q & A
	23 Exercises
	23 Programming Projects
24 Error Handling
	24.1 The  Header: Diagnostics
	24.2 The  Header: Errors
	24.3 The  Header: Signal Handling
	24.4 The  Header: Nonlocal Jumps
	24 Q & A
	24 Exercises
25 International Features
	25.1 The  Header: Localization
	25.2 Multibyte Characters and Wide Characters
	25.3 Digraphs and Trigraphs
	25.4 Universal Character Names (C99)
	25.5 The  Header (99) Extended Multibyte and Wide-Character Utilities
	25.6 The  Header (C99) Wide-Character Classification and Mapping Utilities
	25 Q & A
	25 Exercises
	25 Projects
26 Miscellaneous Library Functions
	26.1 The  Header: Variable Arguments
	26.2 The  Header: General Utilities
	26.3 The  Header: Date and Time
	26 Q & A
	26 Exercises
	26 Programming Projects
27 Additional C99 Support for Mathematics
	27.1 The  Header (C99): Integer Types
	27.2 The  Header (C99) Format Conversion of Integer Types
	27.3 Complex Numbers (C99)
	27.4 The  Header (C99): Complex Arithmetic
	27.5 The  Header (C99): Type-Generic Math
	27.6 The  Header (C99): Floating-Point Environment
	27 Q & A
	27 Exercises
	27 Programming Projects
A C Operators
B C99 versus C89
C C89 versus K&R C
D Standard Library Functions
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E ASCII Character Set
Bibliography