C++ for everyone

COVER......Page 1
TITLE PAGE......Page 5
COPYRIGHT......Page 6
PREFACE......Page 7
A WALKTHOUGH OF THE LEARNING AIDS......Page 10
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS......Page 15
CONTENTS......Page 17
SPECIAL FEATURES......Page 22
CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION......Page 29
1.1 What is Programming......Page 30
1.2 The Anatomy of a Computer......Page 31
1.3 Machine Code and Programming Languages......Page 34
1.4 Becoming Familiar with Your Programming Environment......Page 35
1.5 Analyzing Your First Program......Page 39
1.6 Errors......Page 43
1.7 Problem Solving: Algorithm Design......Page 45
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 49
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 51
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 53
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 55
CHAPTER 2 FUNDAMENTAL DATA TYPES......Page 57
2.1.1 Variable Definitions......Page 58
2.1.2 Number Types......Page 60
2.1.3 Variable Names......Page 61
2.1.4 The Assignment Statement......Page 62
2.1.6 Comments......Page 63
2.2.3 Integer Division and Remainder......Page 68
2.2.5 Powers and Roots......Page 69
2.3.1 Input......Page 76
2.3.2 Formatted Output......Page 77
2.4 Problem Solving: First Do It By Hand......Page 80
2.5 Strings......Page 84
2.5.3 String Input......Page 85
2.5.4 String Functions......Page 86
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 90
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 91
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 94
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 101
CHAPTER 3 DECISIONS......Page 103
3.1 The if Statement......Page 104
3.2 Comparing Numbers and Strings......Page 110
3.3 Multiple Alternatives......Page 118
3.4 Nested Branches......Page 122
3.5 Problem Solving: Flowcharts......Page 127
3.6 Problem Solving: Test Cases......Page 130
3.7 Boolean Variables and Operators......Page 131
3.8 Application: Input Validation......Page 137
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 141
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 142
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 146
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 154
CHAPTER 4 LOOPS......Page 159
4.1 The while Loop......Page 160
4.2 Problem Solving: Hand-Tracing......Page 167
4.3 The for Loop......Page 170
4.4 The do Loop......Page 176
4.5 Processing Input......Page 178
4.6 Problem Solving: Storyboards......Page 182
4.7.1 Sum and Average Value......Page 185
4.7.2 Counting Matches......Page 186
4.7.4 Maximum and Minimum......Page 187
4.7.5 Comparing Adjacent Values......Page 188
4.8 Nested Loops......Page 193
4.9.1 Generating Random Numbers......Page 196
4.9.2 Simulating Die Tosses......Page 197
4.9.3 The Monte Carlo Method......Page 198
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 201
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 202
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 206
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 215
CHAPTER 5 FUNCTIONS......Page 221
5.1 Functions as Black Boxes......Page 222
5.2 Implementing Functions......Page 224
5.3 Parameter Passing......Page 227
5.4 Return Values......Page 230
5.5 Functions Without Return Values......Page 234
5.6 Problem Solving: Reusable Functions......Page 236
5.7 Problem Solving: Stepwise Refinement......Page 238
5.8 Variable Scope and Global Variables......Page 246
5.9 Reference Parameters......Page 248
5.10 Recursive Functions (Optional)......Page 254
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 260
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 261
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 265
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 273
CHAPTER 6 ARRAYS AND VECTORS......Page 277
6.1.1 Defining Arrays......Page 278
6.1.2 Accessing Array Elements......Page 280
6.1.3 Partially Filled Arrays......Page 281
6.2.2 Copying......Page 284
6.2.5 Element Separators......Page 285
6.2.7 Removing an Element......Page 286
6.2.9 Swapping Elements......Page 287
6.2.10 Reading Input......Page 288
6.3 Arrays And Functions......Page 293
6.4 Problem Solving: Adapting Algorithms......Page 297
6.5 Problem Solving: Discovering Algorithms by Manipulating Physical Objects......Page 302
6.6.1 Defining Two-Dimensional Arrays......Page 306
6.6.2 Accessing Elements......Page 307
6.6.3 Computing Row and Column Totals......Page 308
6.6.4 Two-Dimensional Array Parameters......Page 309
6.7 Vectors......Page 312
6.7.1 Defining Vectors......Page 313
6.7.2 Growing and Shrinking Vectors......Page 314
6.7.3 Vectors and Functions......Page 315
6.7.4 Vector Algorithms......Page 316
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 318
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 320
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 323
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 331
CHAPTER 7 POINTERS......Page 335
7.1.1 Defining Pointers......Page 336
7.1.2 Accessing Variables Through Pointers......Page 337
7.1.3 Initializing Pointers......Page 339
7.2.1 Arrays as Pointers......Page 342
7.2.2 Pointer Arithmetic......Page 343
7.2.3 Array Parameter Variables are Pointers......Page 344
7.3.2 C Strings......Page 348
7.3.3 Character Arrays......Page 349
7.3.5 C++ Strings and The [] Operator......Page 350
7.4 Dynamic Memory Allocation......Page 353
7.5 Arrays and Vectors of Pointers......Page 357
7.6 Problem Solving: Draw a Picture......Page 360
7.7.1 Structures......Page 364
7.7.3 Structures with Pointer Members......Page 365
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 367
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 368
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 372
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 375
CHAPTER 8 STREAMS......Page 379
8.1.1 Opening a Stream......Page 380
8.1.2 Reading from a File......Page 381
8.1.4 A File Processing Example......Page 382
8.2.2 Reading Characters......Page 386
8.2.3 Reading lines......Page 387
8.3 Writing Text Output......Page 389
8.4 String Streams......Page 391
8.5 Command Line Arguments......Page 393
8.6.2 Binary Files......Page 400
8.6.3 Processing Image Files......Page 401
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 405
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 406
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 407
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 415
CHAPTER 9 CLASSES......Page 417
9.1 Object-Oriented Programming......Page 418
9.2 Specifying the Public Interface of a Class......Page 420
9.3 Data Members......Page 423
9.4 Member Functions......Page 425
9.4.2 Implicit and Explicit Parameters......Page 426
9.4.3 Calling a Member Function from a Member Function......Page 427
9.5 Constructors......Page 431
9.6 Problem Solving: Tracing Objects......Page 435
9.7 Problem Solving: Discovering Classes......Page 442
9.8 Separate Compilation......Page 445
9.9.2 The -> Operator......Page 450
9.9.3 The This Pointer......Page 451
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 454
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 456
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 458
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 465
CHAPTER 10 INHERITANCE......Page 469
10.1 Inheritance Hierarchies......Page 470
10.2 Implementing Derived Classes......Page 474
10.3 Overriding Member Functions......Page 479
10.4 Virtual Functions and Polymorphism......Page 483
10.4.1 The Slicing Problem......Page 484
10.4.2 Pointers to Base and Derived Classes......Page 485
10.4.3 Virtual Functions......Page 486
10.4.4 Polymorphism......Page 487
CHAPTER SUMMARY......Page 498
REVIEW EXERCISES......Page 499
PROGRAMMING EXERCISES......Page 503
ANSWERS TO SELF - CHECK QUESTIONS......Page 507
APPENDIX A: C++ LANGUAGE CODING GUIDELINES......Page 509
APPENDIX B: RESERVED WORD SUMMARY......Page 517
APPENDIX C: OPERATOR SUMMARY......Page 519
APPENDIX D: CHARACTER CODES......Page 521
APPENDIX E: C++ LIBRARY SUMMARY......Page 523
GLOSSARY......Page 527
INDEX......Page 535
CREDITS......Page 557