C++03 – ISO/IEC 14882:2003

Contents
1 General
	1.1 Scope
	1.2 Normative references
	1.3 Definitions
	1.4 Implementation compliance
	1.5 Structure of this International Standard
	1.6 Syntax notation
	1.7 The C + + memory model
	1.8 The C + + object model
	1.9 Program execution
	1.10 Acknowledgments
2 Lexical conventions
	2.1 Phases of translation
	2.2 Character sets
	2.3 Trigraph sequences
	2.4 Preprocessing tokens
	2.5 Alternative tokens
	2.6 Tokens
	2.7 Comments
	2.8 Header names
	2.9 Preprocessing numbers
	2.10 Identifiers
	2.11 Keywords
	2.12 Operators and punctuators
	2.13 Literals
		2.13.1 Integer literals
		2.13.2 Character literals
		2.13.3 Floating literals
		2.13.4 String literals
		2.13.5 Boolean literals
3 Basic concepts
	3.1 Declarations and definitions
	3.2 One definition rule
	3.3 Declarative regions and scopes
		3.3.1 Point of declaration
		3.3.2 Local scope
		3.3.3 Function prototype scope
		3.3.4 Function scope
		3.3.5 Namespace scope
		3.3.6 Class scope
		3.3.7 Name hiding
	3.4 Name lookup
		3.4.1 Unqualified name lookup
		3.4.2 Argument-dependent name lookup
		3.4.3 Qualified name lookup
			3.4.3.1 Class members
			3.4.3.2 Namespace members
		3.4.4 Elaborated type specifiers
		3.4.5 Class member access
		3.4.6 Using-directives and namespace aliases
	3.5 Program and linkage
	3.6 Start and termination
		3.6.1 Main function
		3.6.2 Initialization of non-local objects
		3.6.3 Termination
	3.7 Storage duration
		3.7.1 Static storage duration
		3.7.2 Automatic storage duration
		3.7.3 Dynamic storage duration
			3.7.3.1 Allocation functions
			3.7.3.2 Deallocation functions
		3.7.4 Duration of sub-objects
	3.8 Object Lifetime
	3.9 Types
		3.9.1 Fundamental types
		3.9.2 Compound types
		3.9.3 CV-qualifiers
	3.10 Lvalues and rvalues
4 Standard conversions
	4.1 Lvalue-to-rvalue conversion
	4.2 Array-to-pointer conversion
	4.3 Function-to-pointer conversion
	4.4 Qualification conversions
	4.5 Integral promotions
	4.6 Floating point promotion
	4.7 Integral conversions
	4.8 Floating point conversions
	4.9 Floating-integral conversions
	4.10 Pointer conversions
	4.11 Pointer to member conversions
	4.12 Boolean conversions
5 Expressions
	5.1 Primary expressions
	5.2 Postfix expressions
		5.2.1 Subscripting
		5.2.2 Function call
		5.2.3 Explicit type conversion (functional notation)
		5.2.4 Pseudo destructor call
		5.2.5 Class member access
		5.2.6 Increment and decrement
		5.2.7 Dynamic cast
		5.2.8 Type identification
		5.2.9 Static cast
		5.2.10 Reinterpret cast
		5.2.11 Const cast
	5.3 Unary expressions
		5.3.1 Unary operators
		5.3.2 Increment and decrement
		5.3.3 Sizeof
		5.3.4 New
		5.3.5 Delete
	5.4 Explicit type conversion (cast notation)
	5.5 Pointer-to-member operators
	5.6 Multiplicative operators
	5.7 Additive operators
	5.8 Shift operators
	5.9 Relational operators
	5.10 Equality operators
	5.11 BitwiseANDoperator
	5.12 Bitwise exclusiveORoperator
	5.13 Bitwise inclusiveORoperator
	5.14 LogicalANDoperator
	5.15 LogicalORoperator
	5.16 Conditional operator
	5.17 Assignment operators
	5.18 Comma operator
	5.19 Constant expressions
6 Statements
	6.1 Labeled statement
	6.2 Expression statement
	6.3 Compound statement or block
	6.4 Selection statements
		6.4.1 The if statement
		6.4.2 The switch statement
	6.5 Iteration statements
		6.5.1 The while statement
		6.5.2 The do statement
		6.5.3 The for statement
	6.6 Jump statements
		6.6.1 The break statement
		6.6.2 The continue statement
		6.6.3 The return statement
		6.6.4 The goto statement
	6.7 Declaration statement
	6.8 Ambiguity resolution
7 Declarations
	7.1 Specifiers
		7.1.1 Storage class specifiers
		7.1.2 Function specifiers
		7.1.3 The typedef specifier
		7.1.4 The friend specifier
		7.1.5 Type specifiers
			7.1.5.1 The cv-qualifiers
			7.1.5.2 Simple type specifiers
			7.1.5.3 Elaborated type specifiers
	7.2 Enumeration declarations
	7.3 Namespaces
		7.3.1 Namespace definition
			7.3.1.1 Unnamed namespaces
			7.3.1.2 Namespace member definitions
		7.3.2 Namespace alias
		7.3.3 Theusingdeclaration
		7.3.4 Using directive
	7.4 Theasmdeclaration
	7.5 Linkage specifications
8 Declarators
	8.1 Type names
	8.2 Ambiguity resolution
	8.3 Meaning of declarators
		8.3.1 Pointers
		8.3.2 References
		8.3.3 Pointers to members
		8.3.4 Arrays
		8.3.5 Functions
		8.3.6 Default arguments
	8.4 Function definitions
	8.5 Initializers
		8.5.1 Aggregates
		8.5.2 Character arrays
		8.5.3 References
9 Classes
	9.1 Class names
	9.2 Class members
	9.3 Member functions
		9.3.1 Nonstatic member functions
		9.3.2 The this pointer
	9.4 Static members
		9.4.1 Static member functions
		9.4.2 Static data members
	9.5 Unions
	9.6 Bit-fields
	9.7 Nested class declarations
	9.8 Local class declarations
	9.9 Nested type names
10 Derived classes
	10.1 Multiple base classes
	10.2 Member name lookup
	10.3 Virtual functions
	10.4 Abstract classes
11 Member access control
	11.1 Access specifiers
	11.2 Accessibility of base classes and base class members
	11.3 Access declarations
	11.4 Friends
	11.5 Protected member access
	11.6 Access to virtual functions
	11.7 Multiple access
	11.8 Nested classes
12 Special member functions
	12.1 Constructors
	12.2 Temporary objects
	12.3 Conversions
		12.3.1 Conversion by constructor
		12.3.2 Conversion functions
	12.4 Destructors
	12.5 Free store
	12.6 Initialization
		12.6.1 Explicit initialization
		12.6.2 Initializing bases and members
	12.7 Construction and destruction
	12.8 Copying class objects
13 Overloading
	13.1 Overloadable declarations
	13.2 Declaration matching
	13.3 Overload resolution
		13.3.1 Candidate functions and argument lists
			13.3.1.1 Function call syntax
				13.3.1.1.1 Call to named function
				13.3.1.1.2 Call to object of class type
			13.3.1.2 Operators in expressions
			13.3.1.3 Initialization by constructor
			13.3.1.4 Copy-initialization of class by user-defined conversion
			13.3.1.5 Initialization by conversion function
			13.3.1.6 Initialization by conversion function for direct reference binding
		13.3.2 Viable functions
		13.3.3 Best Viable Function
			13.3.3.1 Implicit conversion sequences
				13.3.3.1.1 Standard conversion sequences
				13.3.3.1.2 User-defined conversion sequences
				13.3.3.1.3 Ellipsis conversion sequences
				13.3.3.1.4 Reference binding
			13.3.3.2 Ranking implicit conversion sequences
	13.4 Address of overloaded function
	13.5 Overloaded operators
		13.5.1 Unary operators
		13.5.2 Binary operators
		13.5.3 Assignment
		13.5.4 Function call
		13.5.5 Subscripting
		13.5.6 Class member access
		13.5.7 Increment and decrement
	13.6 Built-in operators
14 Templates
	14.1 Template parameters
	14.2 Names of template specializations
	14.3 Template arguments
		14.3.1 Template type arguments
		14.3.2 Template non-type arguments
		14.3.3 Template template arguments
	14.4 Type equivalence
	14.5 Template declarations
		14.5.1 Class templates
			14.5.1.1 Member functions of class templates
			14.5.1.2 Member classes of class templates
			14.5.1.3 Static data members of class templates
		14.5.2 Member templates
		14.5.3 Friends
		14.5.4 Class template partial specializations
			14.5.4.1 Matching of class template partial specializations
			14.5.4.2 Partial ordering of class template specializations
			14.5.4.3 Members of class template specializations
		14.5.5 Function templates
			14.5.5.1 Function template overloading
			14.5.5.2 Partial ordering of function templates
	14.6 Name resolution
		14.6.1 Locally declared names
		14.6.2 Dependent names
			14.6.2.1 Dependent types
			14.6.2.2 Type-dependent expressions
			14.6.2.3 Value-dependent expressions
			14.6.2.4 Dependent template arguments
		14.6.3 Non-dependent names
		14.6.4 Dependent name resolution
			14.6.4.1 Point of instantiation
			14.6.4.2 Candidate functions
		14.6.5 Friend names declared within a class template
	14.7 Template instantiation and specialization
		14.7.1 Implicit instantiation
		14.7.2 Explicit instantiation
		14.7.3 Explicit specialization
	14.8 Function template specializations
		14.8.1 Explicit template argument specification
		14.8.2 Template argument deduction
			14.8.2.1 Deducing template arguments from a function call
			14.8.2.2 Deducing template arguments taking the address of a function template
			14.8.2.3 Deducing conversion function template arguments
			14.8.2.4 Deducing template arguments from a type
		14.8.3 Overload resolution
15 Exception handling
	15.1 Throwing an exception
	15.2 Constructors and destructors
	15.3 Handling an exception
	15.4 Exception specifications
	15.5 Special functions
		15.5.1 The terminate() function
		15.5.2 The unexpected() function
		15.5.3 The uncaught_exception() function
	15.6 Exceptions and access
16 Preprocessing directives
	16.1 Conditional inclusion
	16.2 Source file inclusion
	16.3 Macro replacement
		16.3.1 Argument substitution
		16.3.2 The # operator
		16.3.3 The ## operator
		16.3.4 Rescanning and further replacement
		16.3.5 Scope of macro definitions
	16.4 Line control
	16.5 Error directive
	16.6 Pragma directive
	16.7 Null directive
	16.8 Predefined macro names
17 Library introduction
	17.1 Definitions
	17.2 Additional definitions
	17.3 Method of description (Informative)
		17.3.1 Structure of each subclause
			17.3.1.1 Summary
			17.3.1.2 Requirements
			17.3.1.3 Specifications
			17.3.1.4 C Library
		17.3.2 Other conventions
			17.3.2.1 Type descriptions
				17.3.2.1.1 Enumerated types
				17.3.2.1.2 Bitmask types
				17.3.2.1.3 Character sequences
					17.3.2.1.3.1 Byte strings
					17.3.2.1.3.2 Multibyte strings
					17.3.2.1.3.3 Wide-character sequences
			17.3.2.2 Functions within classes
			17.3.2.3 Private members
	17.4 Library-wide requirements
		17.4.1 Library contents and organization
			17.4.1.1 Library contents
			17.4.1.2 Headers
			17.4.1.3 Freestanding implementations
		17.4.2 Using the library
			17.4.2.1 Headers
			17.4.2.2 Linkage
		17.4.3 Constraints on programs
			17.4.3.1 Reserved names
				17.4.3.1.1 Macro names
				17.4.3.1.2 Global names
				17.4.3.1.3 External linkage
				17.4.3.1.4 Types
			17.4.3.2 Headers
			17.4.3.3 Derived classes
			17.4.3.4 Replacement functions
			17.4.3.5 Handler functions
			17.4.3.6 Other functions
			17.4.3.7 Function arguments
			17.4.3.8 Required paragraph
		17.4.4 Conforming implementations
			17.4.4.1 Headers
			17.4.4.2 Restrictions on macro definitions
			17.4.4.3 Global or non-member functions
			17.4.4.4 Member functions
			17.4.4.5 Reentrancy
			17.4.4.6 Protection within classes
			17.4.4.7 Derived classes
			17.4.4.8 Restrictions on exception handling
18 Language support library
	18.1 Types
	18.2 Implementation properties
		18.2.1 Numeric limits
			18.2.1.1 Class template numeric_limits
			18.2.1.2 numeric_limits members
			18.2.1.3 Type float_round_style
			18.2.1.4 Type float_denorm_style
			18.2.1.5 numeric_limits specializations
		18.2.2 C Library
	18.3 Start and termination
	18.4 Dynamic memory management
		18.4.1 Storage allocation and deallocation
			18.4.1.1 Single-object forms
			18.4.1.2 Array forms
			18.4.1.3 Placement forms
		18.4.2 Storage allocation errors
			18.4.2.1 Class bad_alloc
			18.4.2.2 Type new_handler
			18.4.2.3 set_new_handler
	18.5 Type identification
		18.5.1 Class type_info
		18.5.2 Class bad_cast
		18.5.3 Classbad_typeid
	18.6 Exception handling
		18.6.1 Classexception
		18.6.2 Violating exception-specifications
			18.6.2.1 Class bad_exception
			18.6.2.2 Type unexpected_handler
			18.6.2.3 set_unexpected
			18.6.2.4 unexpected
		18.6.3 Abnormal termination
			18.6.3.1 Type terminate_handler
			18.6.3.2 set_terminate
			18.6.3.3 terminate
		18.6.4 uncaught_exception
	18.7 Other runtime support
19 Diagnostics library
	19.1 Exception classes
		19.1.1 Class logic_error
		19.1.2 Class domain_error
		19.1.3 Class invalid_argument
		19.1.4 Class length_error
		19.1.5 Class out_of_range
		19.1.6 Class runtime_error
		19.1.7 Class range_error
		19.1.8 Class overflow_error
		19.1.9 Class underflow_error
	19.2 Assertions
	19.3 Error numbers
20 General utilities library
	20.1 Requirements
		20.1.1 Equality comparison
		20.1.2 Less than comparison
		20.1.3 Copy construction
		20.1.4 Default construction
		20.1.5 Allocator requirements
	20.2 Utility components
		20.2.1 Operators
		20.2.2 Pairs
	20.3 Function objects
		20.3.1 Base
		20.3.2 Arithmetic operations
		20.3.3 Comparisons
		20.3.4 Logical operations
		20.3.5 Negators
		20.3.6 Binders
			20.3.6.1 Class template binder1st
			20.3.6.2 bind1st
			20.3.6.3 Class template binder2nd
			20.3.6.4 bind2nd
		20.3.7 Adaptors for pointers to functions
		20.3.8 Adaptors for pointers to members
	20.4 Memory
		20.4.1 The default allocator
			20.4.1.1 allocator members
			20.4.1.2 allocator globals
		20.4.2 Raw storage iterator
		20.4.3 Temporary buffers
		20.4.4 Specialized algorithms
			20.4.4.1 uninitialized_copy
			20.4.4.2 uninitialized_fill
			20.4.4.3 uninitialized_fill_n
		20.4.5 Class template auto_ptr
			20.4.5.1 auto_ptr constructors
			20.4.5.2 auto_ptr members
			20.4.5.3 auto_ptrc onversions
		20.4.6 C Library
	20.5 Date and time
21 Strings library
	21.1 Character traits
		21.1.1 Character traits requirements
		21.1.2 traits typedefs
		21.1.3 char_traits specializations
			21.1.3.1 struct char_traits
			21.1.3.2 struct char_traits
	21.2 String classes
	21.3 Class template basic_string
		21.3.1 basic_string constructors
		21.3.2 basic_string iterator support
		21.3.3 basic_string capacity
		21.3.4 basic_string element access
		21.3.5 basic_string modifiers
			21.3.5.1 basic_string::operator+=
			21.3.5.2 basic_string::append
			21.3.5.3 basic_string::assign
			21.3.5.4 basic_string::insert
			21.3.5.5 basic_string::erase
			21.3.5.6 basic_string::replace
			21.3.5.7 basic_string::copy
			21.3.5.8 basic_string::swap
		21.3.6 basic_string string operations
			21.3.6.1 basic_string::find
			21.3.6.2 basic_string::rfind
			21.3.6.3 basic_string::find_first_of
			21.3.6.4 basic_string::find_last_of
			21.3.6.5 basic_string::find_first_not_of
			21.3.6.6 basic_string::find_last_not_of
			21.3.6.7 basic_string::substr
			21.3.6.8 basic_string::compare
		21.3.7 basic_string non-member functions
			21.3.7.1 operator+
			21.3.7.2 operator==
			21.3.7.3 operator!=
			21.3.7.4 operator<
			21.3.7.5 operator>
			21.3.7.6 operator<=
			21.3.7.7 operator>=
			21.3.7.8 swap
			21.3.7.9 Inserters and extractors
	21.4 Null-terminated sequence utilities
22 Localization library
	22.1 Locales
		22.1.1 Class locale
			22.1.1.1 locale types
				22.1.1.1.1 Type locale::category
				22.1.1.1.2 Class locale::facet
				22.1.1.1.3 Class locale::id
			22.1.1.2 locale constructors and destructor
			22.1.1.3 locale members
			22.1.1.4 locale operators
			22.1.1.5 locale static members
		22.1.2 locale globals
		22.1.3 Convenience interfaces
			22.1.3.1 Character classification
			22.1.3.2 Character conversions
	22.2 Standard locale categories
		22.2.1 The ctype category
			22.2.1.1 Class template ctype
				22.2.1.1.1 ctype members
				22.2.1.1.2 ctype virtual functions
			22.2.1.2 Class template ctype_byname
			22.2.1.3 ctype specializations
				22.2.1.3.1 ctype destructor
				22.2.1.3.2 ctype members
				22.2.1.3.3 ctype static members
				22.2.1.3.4 ctype virtual functions
			22.2.1.4 Class ctype_byname
			22.2.1.5 Class template codecvt
				22.2.1.5.1 codecvt members
				22.2.1.5.2 codecvt virtual functions
			22.2.1.6 Class template codecvt_byname
		22.2.2 The numeric category
			22.2.2.1 Class template num_get
				22.2.2.1.1 num_get members
				22.2.2.1.2 num_get virtual functions
			22.2.2.2 Class template num_put
				22.2.2.2.1 num_put members
				22.2.2.2.2 num_put virtual functions
		22.2.3 The numeric punctuation facet
			22.2.3.1 Class template numpunct
				22.2.3.1.1 numpunct members
				22.2.3.1.2 numpunct virtual functions
			22.2.3.2 Class template numpunct_byname
		22.2.4 The collate category
			22.2.4.1 Class template collate
				22.2.4.1.1collate members
				22.2.4.1.2 collate virtual functions
			22.2.4.2 Class template collate_byname
		22.2.5 The time category
			22.2.5.1 Class template time_get
				22.2.5.1.1 time_get members
				22.2.5.1.2 time_get virtual functions
			22.2.5.2 Class template time_get_byname
			22.2.5.3 Class template time_put
				22.2.5.3.1 time_put members
				22.2.5.3.2 time_put virtual functions
			22.2.5.4 Class templatet ime_put_byname
		22.2.6 The monetary category
			22.2.6.1 Class template money_get
				22.2.6.1.1 money_get members
				22.2.6.1.2 money_get virtual functions
			22.2.6.2 Class template money_put
				22.2.6.2.1 money_put members
				22.2.6.2.2 money_put virtual functions
			22.2.6.3 Class template moneypunct
				22.2.6.3.1 moneyp unctmembers
				22.2.6.3.2 moneypunct virtual functions
			22.2.6.4 Class template moneypunct_byname
		22.2.7 The message retrieval category
			22.2.7.1 Class template messages
				22.2.7.1.1 messages members
				22.2.7.1.2 messages virtual functions
			22.2.7.2 Class template messages_byname
		22.2.8 Program-defined facets
	22.3 C Library Locales
23 Containers library
	23.1 Container requirements
		23.1.1 Sequences
		23.1.2 Associative containers
	23.2 Sequences
		23.2.1 Class template deque
			23.2.1.1 deque constructors, copy, and assignment
			23.2.1.2 deque capacity
			23.2.1.3 deque modifiers
			23.2.1.4 deque specialized algorithms
		23.2.2 Class template list
			23.2.2.1 list constructors, copy, and assignment
			23.2.2.2 list capacity
			23.2.2.3 list modifiers
			23.2.2.4 list operations
			23.2.2.5 list specialized algorithms
		23.2.3 Container adaptors
			23.2.3.1 Class template queue
			23.2.3.2 Class template priority_queue
				23.2.3.2.1 priority_queue constructors
				23.2.3.2.2 priority_queue members
			23.2.3.3 Class template stack
		23.2.4 Class templatevector
			23.2.4.1 vector constructors, copy, and assignment
			23.2.4.2 vector capacity
			23.2.4.3 vector modifiers
			23.2.4.4 vector specialized algorithms
		23.2.5 Class vector
	23.3 Associative containers
		23.3.1 Class template map
			23.3.1.1 map constructors, copy, and assignment
			23.3.1.2 map element access
			23.3.1.3 map operations
			23.3.1.4 map specialized algorithms
		23.3.2 Class template multimap
			23.3.2.1 multimap constructors
			23.3.2.2 multimap operations
			23.3.2.3 multimap specialized algorithms
		23.3.3 Class template set
			23.3.3.1 set constructors, copy, and assignment
			23.3.3.2 set specialized algorithms
		23.3.4 Class template multiset
			23.3.4.1 multiset constructors
			23.3.4.2 multiset specialized algorithms
		23.3.5 Class template bitset
			23.3.5.1 bitset constructors
			23.3.5.2 bitset members
			23.3.5.3 bitset operators
24 Iterators library
	24.1 Iterator requirements
		24.1.1 Input iterators
		24.1.2 Output iterators
		24.1.3 Forward iterators
		24.1.4 Bidirectional iterators
		24.1.5 Random access iterators
	24.2 Header  synopsis
	24.3 Iterator primitives
		24.3.1 Iterator traits
		24.3.2 Basic iterator
		24.3.3 Standard iterator tags
		24.3.4 Iterator operations
	24.4 Predefined iterators
		24.4.1 Reverse iterators
			24.4.1.1 Class template reverse_iterator
			24.4.1.2 reverse_iterator requirements
			24.4.1.3 reverse_iterator operations
		24.4.2 Insert iterators
			24.4.2.1 Class template back_insert_iterator
			24.4.2.2 back_insert_iterator operations
			24.4.2.3 Class template front_insert_iterator
			24.4.2.4 front_insert_iterator operations
			24.4.2.5 Class template insert_iterator
			24.4.2.6 insert_iterator operations
	24.5 Stream iterators
		24.5.1 Class template istream_iterator
			24.5.1.1 istream_iterator constructors and destructor
			24.5.1.2 istream_iterator operations
		24.5.2 Class template ostream_iterator
			24.5.2.1 ostream_iterator constructors and destructor
			24.5.2.2 ostream_iterator operations
		24.5.3 Class template istreambuf_iterator
			24.5.3.1 Class template istreambuf_iterator::proxy
			24.5.3.2 istreambuf_iterator constructors
			24.5.3.3 istreambuf_iterator::operator*
			24.5.3.4 istreambuf_iterator::operator++
			24.5.3.5 istreambuf_iterator::equal
			24.5.3.6 operator==
			24.5.3.7 operator!=
		24.5.4 Class template ostreambuf_iterator
			24.5.4.1 ostreambuf_iterator constructors
			24.5.4.2 ostreambuf_iterator operations
25 Algorithms library
	25.1 Non-modifying sequence operations
		25.1.1 For each
		25.1.2 Find
		25.1.3 Find End
		25.1.4 Find First
		25.1.5 Adjacent find
		25.1.6 Count
		25.1.7 Mismatch
		25.1.8 Equal
		25.1.9 Search
	25.2 Mutating sequence operations
		25.2.1 Copy
		25.2.2 Swap
		25.2.3 Transform
		25.2.4 Replace
		25.2.5 Fill
		25.2.6 Generate
		25.2.7 Remove
		25.2.8 Unique
		25.2.9 Reverse
		25.2.10 Rotate
		25.2.11 Random shuffle
		25.2.12 Partitions
	25.3 Sorting and related operations
		25.3.1 Sorting
			25.3.1.1 sort
			25.3.1.2 stable_sort
			25.3.1.3 partial_sort
			25.3.1.4 partial_sort_copy
		25.3.2 Nth element
		25.3.3 Binary search
			25.3.3.1 lower_bound
			25.3.3.2 upper_bound
			25.3.3.3 equal_range
			25.3.3.4 binary_search
		25.3.4 Merge
		25.3.5 Set operations on sorted structures
			25.3.5.1 includes
			25.3.5.2 set_union
			25.3.5.3 set_intersection
			25.3.5.4 set_difference
			25.3.5.5 set_symmetric_difference
		25.3.6 Heap operations
			25.3.6.1 push_heap
			25.3.6.2 pop_heap
			25.3.6.3 make_heap
			25.3.6.4 sort_heap
		25.3.7 Minimum and maximum
		25.3.8 Lexicographical comparison
		25.3.9 Permutation generators
	25.4 C library algorithms
26 Numerics library
	26.1 Numeric type requirements
	26.2 Complex numbers
		26.2.1 Header  synopsis
		26.2.2 Class templatecomplex
		26.2.3 complex specializations
		26.2.4 complex member functions
		26.2.5 complex member operators
		26.2.6 complex non-member operations
		26.2.7 complex value operations
		26.2.8 complex transcendentals
	26.3 Numeric arrays
		26.3.1 Header  synopsis
		26.3.2 Class template valarray
			26.3.2.1 valarray constructors
			26.3.2.2 valarray assignment
			26.3.2.3 valarray element access
			26.3.2.4 valarray subset operations
			26.3.2.5 valarray unary operators
			26.3.2.6 valarray computed assignment
			26.3.2.7 valarray member functions
		26.3.3 valarray non-member operations
			26.3.3.1 valarray binary operators
			26.3.3.2 valarray logical operators
			26.3.3.3 valarray transcendentals
		26.3.4 Classslice
			26.3.4.1 slice constructors
			26.3.4.2 slice access functions
		26.3.5 Class template slice_array
			26.3.5.1 slice_array constructors
			26.3.5.2 slice_array assignment
			26.3.5.3 slice_array computed assignment
			26.3.5.4 slice_array fill function
		26.3.6 The gslice class
			26.3.6.1 gslice constructors
			26.3.6.2 gslice access functions
		26.3.7 Class template gslice_array
			26.3.7.1 gslice_array constructors
			26.3.7.2 gslice_array assignment
			26.3.7.3 gslice_array computed assignment
			26.3.7.4 gslice_array fill function
		26.3.8 Class template mask_array
			26.3.8.1  mask_array constructors
			26.3.8.2 mask_array assignment
			26.3.8.3 mask_array computed assignment
			26.3.8.4 mask_array fill function
		26.3.9 Class template indirect_array
			26.3.9.1 indirect_array constructors
			26.3.9.2 indirect_array assignment
			26.3.9.3 indirect_array computed assignment
			26.3.9.4 indirect_array fill function
	26.4 Generalized numeric operations
		26.4.1 Accumulate
		26.4.2 Inner product
		26.4.3 Partial sum
		26.4.4 Adjacent difference
	26.5 C Library
27 Input/output library
	27.1 Iostreams requirements
		27.1.1 Imbue Limitations
		27.1.2 Positioning Type Limitations
	27.2 Forward declarations
	27.3 Standard iostream objects
		27.3.1 Narrow stream objects
		27.3.2 Wide stream objects
	27.4 Iostreams base classes
		27.4.1 Types
		27.4.2 Class ios_base
			27.4.2.1 Types
				27.4.2.1.1 Class ios_base::failure
				27.4.2.1.2 Type ios_base::fmtflags
				27.4.2.1.3 Type ios_base::iostate
				27.4.2.1.4 Type ios_base::openmode
				27.4.2.1.5 Type ios_base::seekdir
				27.4.2.1.6 Class ios_base::Init
			27.4.2.2 ios_base fmtflags state functions
			27.4.2.3 ios_base locale functions
			27.4.2.4 ios_base static members
			27.4.2.5 ios_base storage functions
			27.4.2.6 ios_base callbacks
			27.4.2.7 ios_base constructors/destructors
		27.4.3 Class template fpos
			27.4.3.1 fpos Members
			27.4.3.2 fpos requirements
		27.4.4 Class template basic_ios
			27.4.4.1 basic_ios constructors
			27.4.4.2 Member functions
			27.4.4.3 basic_ios iostate flags functions
		27.4.5 ios_base manipulators
			27.4.5.1 fmtflags manipulators
			27.4.5.2 adjustfield manipulators
			27.4.5.3 basefield manipulators
			27.4.5.4 floatfield manipulators
	27.5 Stream buffers
		27.5.1 Stream buffer requirements
		27.5.2 Class template basic_streambuf
			27.5.2.1 basic_streambuf constructors
			27.5.2.2 basic_streambuf public member functions
				27.5.2.2.1 Locales
				27.5.2.2.2 Buffer management and positioning
				27.5.2.2.3 Get area
				27.5.2.2.4 Putback
				27.5.2.2.5 Put area
			27.5.2.3 basic_streambuf protected member functions
				27.5.2.3.1 Get area access
				27.5.2.3.2 Put area access
			27.5.2.4 basic_streambuf virtual functions
				27.5.2.4.1 Locales
				27.5.2.4.2 Buffer management and positioning
				27.5.2.4.3 Get area
				27.5.2.4.4 Putback
				27.5.2.4.5 Put area
	27.6 Formatting and manipulators
		27.6.1 Input streams
			27.6.1.1 Class template basic_istream
				27.6.1.1.1 basic_istream constructors
				27.6.1.1.2 Class basic_istream::sentry
			27.6.1.2 Formatted input functions
				27.6.1.2.1 Common requirements
				27.6.1.2.2 Arithmetic Extractors
				27.6.1.2.3 basic_istream::operator>>
			27.6.1.3 Unformatted input functions
			27.6.1.4 Standard basic_istream manipulators
			27.6.1.5 Class template basic_iostream
				27.6.1.5.1 basic_iostream constructors
				27.6.1.5.2 basic_iostream destructor
		27.6.2 Output streams
			27.6.2.1 Class template basic_ostream
			27.6.2.2 basic_ostream constructors
			27.6.2.3 Class basic_ostream::sentry
			27.6.2.4 basic_ostream seek members
			27.6.2.5 Formatted output functions
				27.6.2.5.1 Common requirements
				27.6.2.5.2 Arithmetic Inserters
				27.6.2.5.3 basic_ostream::operator<<
				27.6.2.5.4 Character inserter function templates
			27.6.2.6 Unformatted output functions
			27.6.2.7 Standard basic_ostream manipulators
		27.6.3 Standard manipulators
	27.7 String-based streams
		27.7.1 Class template basic_stringbuf
			27.7.1.1 basic_stringbuf constructors
			27.7.1.2 Member functions
			27.7.1.3 Overridden virtual functions
		27.7.2 Class template basic_istringstream
			27.7.2.1 basic_istringstream constructors
			27.7.2.2 Member functions
		27.7.3 Class basic_ostringstream
			27.7.3.1 basic_ostringstream constructors
			27.7.3.2 Member functions
		27.7.4 Class template basic_stringstream
		27.7.5 basic_stringstream constructors
		27.7.6 Member functions
	27.8 File-based streams
		27.8.1 File streams
			27.8.1.1 Class template basic_filebuf
			27.8.1.2 basic_filebuf constructors
			27.8.1.3 Member functions
			27.8.1.4 Overridden virtual functions
			27.8.1.5 Class template basic_ifstream
			27.8.1.6 basic_ifstream constructors
			27.8.1.7 Member functions
			27.8.1.8 Class template basic_ofstream
			27.8.1.9 basic_ofstream constructors
			27.8.1.10 Member functions
			27.8.1.11 Class template basic_fstream
			27.8.1.12 basic_fstreamconstructors
			27.8.1.13 Member functions
		27.8.2 C Library files
Annex A - Grammar summary
	A.1 Keywords
	A.2 Lexical conventions
	A.3 Basic concepts
	A.4 Expressions
	A.5 Statements
	A.6 Declarations
	A.7 Declarators
	A.8 Classes
	A.9 Derived classes
	A.10 Special member functions
	A.11 Overloading
	A.12 Templates
	A.13 Exception handling
	A.14 Preprocessing directives
Annex B - Implementation quantities
Annex C - Compatibility
	C.1 C + + and ISO C
		C.1.1 Clause 2: lexical conventions
		C.1.2 Clause 3: basic concepts
		C.1.3 Clause 5: expressions
		C.1.4 Clause 6: statements
		C.1.5 Clause 7: declarations
		C.1.6 Clause 8: declarators
		C.1.7 Clause 9: classes
		C.1.8 Clause 12: special member functions
		C.1.9 Clause 16: preprocessing directives
	C.2 Standard C library
		C.2.1 Modifications to headers
		C.2.2 Modifications to definitions
			C.2.2.1 Type wchar_t
			C.2.2.2 Header 
			C.2.2.3 Macro NULL
		C.2.3 Modifications to declarations
		C.2.4 Modifications to behavior
			C.2.4.1 Macro offsetof(type,member-designator)
			C.2.4.2 Memory allocation functions
Annex D - Compatibility features
	D.1 Increment operator with bool operand
	D.2 static keyword
	D.3 Access declarations
	D.4 Implicit conversion from const strings
	D.5 Standard C library headers
	D.6 Old iostreams members
	D.7 char* streams
		D.7.1 Class strstreambuf
			D.7.1.2 Member functions
			D.7.1.3 strstreambuf overridden virtual functions
		D.7.2 Class istrstream
			D.7.2.1 istrstream constructors
			D.7.2.2 Member functions
		D.7.3 Class ostrstream
			D.7.3.1 ostrstream constructors
			D.7.3.2 Member functions
		D.7.4 Class strstream
			D.7.4.1 strstream constructors
			D.7.4.2 strstream destructor
			D.7.4.3 strstream operations
Annex E - Universal-character-names
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
	JKL
	M
	N
	O
	P
	QR
	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	XYZ