Buried Flexible Steel Pipe: Design and Structural Analysis

CONTENTS......Page 16
1.1 The Ancient World......Page 20
1.2 The History of Iron and Steel Pipes......Page 22
1.3 The Pioneers in Pipe Design......Page 26
1.4 Contributors to Design......Page 31
2.1 Nomenclature......Page 34
2.2 Constants......Page 39
2.3 Terminology......Page 40
3.2 Internal Pressure Design......Page 42
3.3 Minimum Thickness for Handling......Page 44
3.4 Ring Stiffness......Page 45
3.5 Ring Compression......Page 46
3.6 Performance Limits of Cement Mortar Linings and Cement Mortar Coatings......Page 47
3.8 Yield Stress......Page 50
4.2 Notation......Page 52
4.4 Flaws In Applying Elastic Theories to Soil......Page 53
4.5 Unit Weights of Soil......Page 54
4.6 Vertical Soil Pressures (Stresses)......Page 55
4.7 Soil Strength......Page 57
4.9 Soil Particle Size and Gradation......Page 58
4.11 Passive Resistance......Page 61
4.12 Cohesion in Soil......Page 62
4.13 Soil Compression......Page 64
4.15 Select Fill......Page 65
4.17 Quick Condition......Page 66
4.19 Earthquakes......Page 67
4.20 Soil Specifications......Page 68
4.21 Finite Element Analysis......Page 69
5.1 Introduction......Page 74
5.2 Ring Deflection......Page 75
5.3 Relative Effect of Pipe and Soil on Ring Deflection......Page 77
5.4 Hydrostatic Collapse in a Fluid Environment......Page 79
5.5 Ring Deformation Failure of Buried Flexible Pipe......Page 80
5.6 Minimum Cover......Page 84
6 DESIGN ANALYSIS......Page 92
6.1 Case 1—Internal Pressure and Handling......Page 93
6.2 Case 1A—Ring Stability......Page 94
6.3 Case 1B—Ring Stability With Vacuum......Page 96
6.4 Case 1C—Ring Stability With Vacuum and Water Table Above Pipe......Page 99
6.5 Case 2A—Ring Stability at a Given Depth with Partial Vacuum......Page 101
6.6 Case 2B—Pipe Stiffness to Prevent Collapse......Page 104
7.2 Parallel Pipes in a Common Trench......Page 106
7.3 Parallel Trenches......Page 113
7.4 Trenches in Poor Soil......Page 115
7.5 Flowable Fill......Page 117
7.6 Longitudinal Forces......Page 118
7.7 Buried Pipe on Bents......Page 129
7.8 Seismic Considerations......Page 137
7.9 Encased Pipe......Page 142
References......Page 143
APPENDIX A: THE IOWA FORMULA—WHAT IT IS AND IS NOT......Page 146
APPENDIX B: SOIL SLIP ANALYSIS......Page 150
APPENDIX C: FINITE ELEMENT DESIGN EXAMPLE TRENCH PARALLEL TO A BURIED PIPE......Page 160
APPENDIX D: EXTERNAL FLUID PRESSURE......Page 168
APPENDIX E: THE STORY OF BURIED STEEL PIPES AND TANKS......Page 180
APPENDIX F: RING ANALYSIS......Page 196
APPENDIX G: IMPACT FACTORS IN SOIL......Page 204
E......Page 208
U......Page 209
BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 210
D......Page 214
J......Page 215
P......Page 216
S......Page 217
Y......Page 218
SI CONVERSION TABLE......Page 220