Building knowledge, construction history. 2 vols. Proceedings of the 6th International Congress on Construction History (6ICCH 2018), July 9-13, 2018, Brussels, Belgium

Cover......Page 1
Half Title......Page 2
Title Page......Page 4
Copyright Page......Page 5
Table of Contents......Page 6
Introduction: Building knowledge, constructing histories......Page 16
Committees......Page 18
Sponsors and supporting organisations......Page 20
Thematic session: Building maintenance in ancient times (up to the early modern period)......Page 22
Building maintenance in ancient times (up to the early modern period)......Page 24
Maintenance of the parietal coverings in ancient Rome: Confrontation between legal norms and archaeological evidence......Page 26
Maintaining an atrium house during the principate in Ostia......Page 34
Municipal management of wooden bridges in the fifteenth century: Pont de la Daurade in Toulouse and Pont Notre-Dame in Paris......Page 42
Regular building maintenance and long-term conservation in ancient times......Page 52
Thematic session: Experts and building assessments. An international comparison (thirteenth-twentieth century)......Page 60
Experts and building assessments. An international comparison (thirteenth-twentieth century)......Page 62
Siena 1357. The failure of a great plan......Page 64
The public architect’s role as surveyor of the construcion site in the nineteenth century: The example of Belgian provincial architects......Page 72
The engineer as expert: Early structural forensic reports in the United States......Page 80
Surveyors and building appraisals. Conceptualizing a comparative project (thirteenth-twentieth centuries)......Page 88
Thematic session: Architects and bureaucrats: Centralised governments and the administrative pre-conditions of building before 1750......Page 98
Architects and bureaucrats: Centralised governments and the administrative pre-conditions of building before 1750......Page 100
The impact of bureaucratic procedures on architectural planning in the Late Middle Ages in the Low Countries......Page 102
Building for the Crown: Contracts and administration under the Spanish monarchy in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, the Monastery of El Escorial......Page 110
Bureaucratization and dynamization of construction processes in the electorate of Bavaria......Page 118
The director, the first architect of the academy and the professor: The roles of these figures in the academic teaching of eighteenth-century France......Page 126
Architects and institutions in the construction of the new city of Cervia......Page 132
Thematic session: Historic precast concrete......Page 140
Historic precast concrete......Page 142
Building breakwaters with precast concrete blocks (1834–67)......Page 144
Concrete matter: Building the Bruges submarine pens (1917–18)......Page 152
Stone and concrete: A review of the coevolution of the surface finishes of two buildings materials......Page 162
The NEMAVO Airey system: A wealth of options......Page 170
Prefabricated elements and typification in communist Poland......Page 178
‘Handmade’ pre-cast concrete: The Italian experience between structural engineering and industrial design (1950–80)......Page 184
Thematic session: Early thin shells – players, impulses, and effects......Page 192
Early thin shells – players, impulses, and effects......Page 194
The first concrete dome in Germany? A church building using modern techniques......Page 196
Hangars built of concrete reinforced in various ways, 1908–21: Toward a majestic nave without ribbing......Page 204
Oldest surviving hangars with shallow domes (1918)......Page 212
Thin concrete shells by Eugène Freyssinet......Page 220
The diffusion of the Zeiss-Dywidag system in Italy: Two cases in Rome......Page 228
A great achievement of the Soviet construction technology in Siberia: The reinforced concrete cupola of the Novosibirsk Theatre......Page 236
Wooden shells in pre-war Soviet Union (1925–39)......Page 242
‘Laborious and difficult’: The evolution of Pier Luigi Nervi’s hangar roofs (1935–41)......Page 250
Contemporary light vaults in Colombia. The origin of a modern tradition......Page 256
Thematic session: Modern ‘comfort’ in colonial / postcolonial settings beyond the ‘centre / periphery’ framework......Page 266
Modern ‘comfort’ in colonial / postcolonial settings beyond the ‘centre / periphery’ framework......Page 268
Viet-cool: Thermal comforts in Vietnam......Page 270
Cross-cultural thermal knowledge: The case of large-scale tobacco barns in Sumatra (Indonesia)......Page 278
Detropicalizing comfort research: The climate and house design program in Australia (1945–47)......Page 284
Thematic session: Transnational exchange in the construction worlds of nineteenth and twentieth century Asia: The diffusion of materials and processes in the Global South......Page 290
Transnational exchange in the construction worlds of nineteenth and twentieth century Asia: The diffusion of materials and processes in the Global South......Page 292
“Elle pousse, la Capitale Champignon!” Questioning skill in the Belgian Congo’s building industry......Page 294
Construction technology transfer in Shanghai in the nineteenth to twentieth centuries......Page 302
Cement and ‘Shanghai plaster’ in British Hong Kong and Penang (1920s–1950s)......Page 312
Learning from the ‘other’: Early modern emulation and trans-imperial exchange of ‘native’ building technologies......Page 320
Open sessions......Page 328
Schematic reconstruction of a type of Roman scaffolding used for the Basilica of Maxentius......Page 330
Alonso de Vandelvira’s approach to the geometrical design of templates for caissons in crossing trellis vaults......Page 338
Glasgow city chambers: The construction and building services history of a major municipal building from the Victorian period......Page 346
Changes in the battlements and machicolations of the Late Medieval castles between the duchy of Milan and Este dominions. Just a question of style or also function?......Page 354
Concrete capital: John McShain’s construction of Washington, DC (1930–70)......Page 362
Contracting blunders and innovative regulations of US military construction 1861 to 1918......Page 370
The work and professional status of John (1787–1852) and Benjamin Green (1813–58), architects and engineers......Page 378
Gustave Andreas Royers (1848–1923), from Antwerp city engineer to Belgian politician......Page 386
Exploring the visual material within the building process of the Villa Savoye......Page 394
General contractors and architects in nineteenth-century America......Page 404
Two- and three-dimensional geometry in Tierceron vaults: A case study of Exeter cathedral......Page 412
John A. Roebling’s Allegheny Aqueduct and Smithfield Street Bridge: Nineteenth-century innovation in multi-span suspension bridges......Page 420
From invention to production: The introduction of prestressed concrete......Page 430
Influences of the engineer Pier Luigi Nervi on the work of the architect Marcel Breuer......Page 438
A dispute on Venetian techniques of foundation: Vincenzo Scamozzi in San Nicolò da Tolentino (1591–95)......Page 446
Wooden survey towers in Germany......Page 454
Iron roof structures by Bosshard & Cie: Case studies in Switzerland......Page 462
Building contracts in the city of Girona from the fourteenth to the eighteenth century......Page 470
Innovative or derivative? The design of the bridge structures on the world’s first intercity railway between Liverpool and Manchester......Page 478
The graphic statics of the systems of space by Benjamin Mayor......Page 486
The rise and fall of the cast iron breast panel in Britain (c.1906–60)......Page 496
TPI – the Italian popular theatre: An architectural, technological and building experiment of a space in motion......Page 506
Inquiring into the structural identity of the Sala dei Baroni vault......Page 514
What hides behind the plaster? Hollow-brick and iron vaults in Europe between the eighteenth and the twentieth century......Page 522
Reinforced concrete in Italy through the works of two generations of engineers: Mario and Giorgio Baroni......Page 530
The construction of Ghent’s textile industry warehouses......Page 540
Spatial management of contractors. An analysis of the industrial sites of the Louis De Waele enterprise in Brussels (1867–1988)......Page 548
Renovating early modern Leiden: New perspectives on the building trades......Page 558
Building in (times of) war. Blaton’s construction activities in occupied Belgium......Page 568
Steel heritage: Olivetti’s factories in Ivrea in the fifties and sixties......Page 576
History of the Italian contractors of large reinforced concrete structures in the twentieth century......Page 584
A business-historical analysis of Entreprises générales Henri Ruttiens (1878–2000)......Page 594
Sasanian construction technology in the Maiden Tower Complex as evidence of Late Antiquity building activities in Baku (Azerbaijan)......Page 602
Doors in English published books on architecture and building construction 1550–1800......Page 612
Porto tower buildings in the 1960s: Challenges to architects and engineers......Page 622
Constructive culture in the transition from the nineteenth to the twentieth century. Contributions of Alfredo de Andrade (1839–1915) to construction history across Italy and Portugal......Page 630
The institutional organisation of Belgium’s cellular prison building campaign (1830-WWI)......Page 640
The caisson – review of a unique wooden construction typology in China......Page 646
Richard Neutra and the history of the vertical louvered solar control system......Page 658
From pickaxes to steam saws: The construction of the row house in Dublin (1730–1888)......Page 664
From master builder to subcontractor: The Guastavino Company and the role of specifications......Page 672
Sturdy as stone, vibrant as ceramics: Italklinker and Modern Movement architecture in Italy......Page 680
Navier’s 1823 Mémoire: Analyses and observations on displacements and stiffness of suspension bridges......Page 688
Geometry on paper and on the ground in the last third of the seventeenth century. Leclerc’s and Manesson-Mallet’s contribution and influence......Page 696
Historic timber framed courtyard houses: Origin and development of the corralas in Madrid (1494–1908)......Page 704
Innovation of construction systems versus reproducibility of the architectural image. Multiple constructional processes in the ‘Unité d’Habitation’ (1945–67)......Page 712
Author index......Page 718
Pier Luigi Nervi and Fiat. The expansion of Officine Mirafiori in Turin......Page 720
The vaulted roof of San Vittore in Milan: An unusual sixteenth-century construction......Page 728
The evolution of the cast node of the Pompidou Centre: From the ‘friction collar’ to the ‘gerberette’......Page 736
German stonemasons and the fort architecture of the Texas frontier......Page 746
The Chinese teahouse at the 1873 Vienna world exposition......Page 754
Documenting depression-era construction: The University of Virginia’s PWA buildings......Page 762
King’s College Chapel: The geometry of the fan vault......Page 770
Late Antique vaults in the cisterns of Resafa with ‘bricks set in squares’......Page 776
Evolutionary traces in European nail-making tools......Page 786
Arch bridge design in eighteenth-century France: The rule of Perronet......Page 794
‘Recommended minimum requirements for small dwelling construction’. A forgotten ancestor of the modern USA building code......Page 802
Earthen buildings in Ireland......Page 808
Iron on top. The use of wrought iron armatures in the construction of late Gothic openwork spires......Page 816
The Munich state opera house. Constructing between tradition and progress at the beginning of the nineteenth century......Page 824
The roof of the Marble Palace in Saint-Petersburg: A structural iron ensemble from the 1770s......Page 830
Modernity and locality in the use of brick in Spanish architecture (1870s–1930s)......Page 840
Study of traditional gypsum in Spain: Methodology and initial results......Page 850
Interdisciplinary research on the heritage of housing complexes in France (1945–75)......Page 858
Earthen mortar walls in Cremona: The complexity and logic behind a construction technique......Page 864
Geometry and proportions of the medieval castles of Latvia......Page 872
New typology for Old & Middle Kingdom stone tools: Studies in the Hatnub quarries in Egypt......Page 878
Luigi Moretti and the program of the case albergo in Milan (1947–50)......Page 884
Hydrotechnical models of the ‘Modellkammer’ (chamber of models) in Augsburg, Germany......Page 892
Abandonment of sexpartite vaults: Construction difficulties and evolution......Page 900
Late Gothic constructions in Müstair and Meran......Page 908
Built-in, exposed or concealed comfort services. Attempts to industrialise collective housing after 1945......Page 916
The Portland cement industry and reinforced concrete in Portugal (1860–1945)......Page 924
Origins of the modern cable-stayed bridge: The Dischinger story......Page 934
Frederick Lanchester and the invention of the air-supported roof......Page 942
Catetinho: The first presidential house in Brasília, Brazil......Page 948
Some aspects of steel building construction of the industrial architecture in the United States (1890–1930)......Page 956
Iron bridges for Rome, the capital of the Kingdom of Italy......Page 964
The hyperbolic paraboloids of the Tor di Valle racetrack in Rome......Page 972
The secret of zoomorphic imposts: A new reading of the Achaemenids’ roofing system......Page 980
The dome of Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis in Paris, a historical and structural analysis......Page 988
Braided rope with vegetable fibers for the construction of the Inca bridge of Q’eswachaka (Peru)......Page 998
Church of Mission San José, San Antonio: Using construction history to inform preservation approaches......Page 1004
Knowledge transfer in vaulting. The Assier church and Valencian stonecutting......Page 1012
Nineteenth-century stone protection: The invention and early research on fluosilicates and their dispersion into Europe......Page 1020
The Boyne Viaduct: Early indeterminate lattice girder analysis and design......Page 1026
Sixteenth-century development from common rafter roofs to ridge purlins in Leiden (NL)......Page 1034
European iron bridges in Puerto Rico: The example of the Guamaní bridge......Page 1042
Accouplement: Vicissitudes of an architectural motif in classical France......Page 1050
Fabrication and erection of large steel bridges in the twentieth century: From structural analysis to optimisation of fabrication......Page 1058
Production of major public works in Brazil: From the scenes in documentaries from 1950–70 to an interrogation about the contemporary specificities of state-company relations......Page 1066
Early Greek stone construction and the invention of the crane......Page 1074
Experimental school constructions by Jean Prouvé. The benefit of closed prefabrication......Page 1082
Sheltered. Parked. Respirated. Three underground spaces by Gottfried Schindler......Page 1088
Dutch natural stone: Interpretation of a vernacular building material in modern architecture......Page 1096
Late Gothic system in the church of Saint-Séverin (Paris)......Page 1104
Recent geopolitics of construction – origins and consequences......Page 1110
Pier Luigi Nervi’s idea of “vertità delle strutture”......Page 1118
‘Theory’ and systematic testings – Emil Mörsch, Carl bach and the culture of experimentation into reinforced concrete construction of Kintai Bridge and its maintenance techniques......Page 1126
A timber bridge constructed in seventeenth-century Japan: Study of innovation in the construction of Kintai Bridge and its maintenance techniques......Page 1134
François Coignet (1814–88) and the industrial development of the first modern concretes in France......Page 1142
Assessing geometrically the structural safety of masonry arches......Page 1150
A masterpiece in the use of light, Johnson Wax headquarters. Racine, Wisconsin, USA......Page 1158
The Church of Peace in Jawor: A few remarks on the organization of its construction in the years 1654–56 in the light of written and iconographic sources......Page 1168
Nubia vernacular: The villages of Bigge......Page 1176
Beyond Grubenmann: Swiss carpentry (1750–1850)......Page 1184
Transfer of knowledge through books and prints: Jesuit design for the Western buildings and fountains in the Yuanmingyuan in Beijing......Page 1192
Earthquake-resistant foundations systems in Italy in the first decade of the twentieth century......Page 1200
Specifications and the standardisation of Ireland’s local harbours......Page 1206
Fire brick in China: From mining to architecture......Page 1214
New experiences with reinforced tile for Eladio Dieste when building the Cristo Obrero Church......Page 1224
Competing visions of community, commerce and construction in the first Ohio River railroad bridge......Page 1232
Knowledge transfer in the early medieval art of vaulting in Dalmatia......Page 1240
Onsite precast concrete: A critical approach to concrete at the Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkha University, Thailand......Page 1250
Adobe constructions in Yún-lín county, Taiwan......Page 1258
The vaulted system of the Basilica of S. Ambrogio in Milan: A crossfeature in the Basilica’s life. Restoration and interpretation......Page 1266
At the intersection of foreign building know-how: Plovdiv in the early twentieth century......Page 1276
The influence of Howe’s structural typology on Galician wooden bridges......Page 1284
The mushroom column: Origins, concepts and differences......Page 1292
The thirties summer holiday camps in the Abruzzo region: From design to building......Page 1300
The first Luanda’s skyscraper: Comfort through natural and artificial control methods......Page 1308
Victor Horta and building site photography......Page 1316
Business-card buildings: Corporate architecture and promotional strategies in buildings and projects for Eternit in Belgium (1955–75)......Page 1324
The foundations of the Nieuwe Kerk Tower in Amsterdam (1645–52)......Page 1334
Joining techniques in nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Belgian timber roofs......Page 1342
Education on the production chain: Lelé’s transitory schools in Brazil......Page 1350
Innovations in the structural systems in tall buildings in Bogotá in the 1960s. Case study: Bavaria building......Page 1360
William Arrol and Peter Lind: Demolition, construction and workmanship on London’s Waterloo Bridges (1934–46)......Page 1368
Reverse engineering marvelous machines: The design of Late Gothic vaults from concept to stone planning and the prehistory of stereotomy......Page 1376
Emergence of heavy contracting in the United States in the nineteenth century......Page 1386
Hidden modernity: Reinforced concrete trusses in Brussels parish churches (1935–40)......Page 1396
Built to stock. Versatility of Hennebique’s urban warehouses in Belgium (1892–1914)......Page 1404