Building contract claims

Building Contract Claims......Page 3
Contents......Page 5
Preface......Page 9
Acknowledgements......Page 12
Contract abbreviations......Page 13
PART I......Page 15
1.2 Types of claims......Page 17
1.3 The basis of claims......Page 22
1.4 Architect’s and contract administrator’s powers and liability to contractor......Page 25
1.5 Quantity surveyor’s powers......Page 30
2.1 Time of the essence......Page 34
2.2 Time at large......Page 36
2.3 Extension of time clauses in contracts......Page 40
2.4 Concurrency......Page 46
2.5 Acceleration......Page 54
2.6 Sectional completion......Page 61
2.7 The SCL extension of time Protocol......Page 65
3.1 The meaning and purpose of liquidated damages......Page 71
3.2 Liquidated damages or penalty......Page 72
3.3 Liquidated damages as limitation of liability......Page 79
3.4 Sums greater than a genuine pre-estimate......Page 80
3.5 Liquidated damages as an exhaustive remedy......Page 81
3.6 Injunction......Page 86
3.7 Liquidated damages in relation to loss......Page 88
3.8 Where there is no breach of contract......Page 89
3.9 Calculation of liquidated damages......Page 91
3.10 Where there is partial possession......Page 92
3.11 Maximum recovery if sum is a penalty......Page 94
3.12 Maximum recovery if liquidated damages do not apply......Page 96
3.13 Defences to liquidated damages in building contracts......Page 98
3.14 Bonus clauses......Page 107
4.1 General......Page 109
4.2 Implied terms......Page 111
4.3 Variation of contract......Page 117
4.4 Omission of work to give it to others......Page 118
4.5 Extra work......Page 121
4.6 Possession of site......Page 123
4.7 Site conditions......Page 127
5.1 Definition......Page 131
5.2 Direct v indirect......Page 132
5.3 Exclusion of consequential loss......Page 134
6.1 Measure of damages......Page 137
6.2 Burden of proof......Page 138
6.4 Mitigation of loss......Page 139
6.5 Betterment......Page 141
6.6 Notices......Page 142
6.7 Categories of claim......Page 149
7.1 Foreshortened programme......Page 154
7.2 The ‘knock-on’ effect......Page 157
7.3 The more common heads of loss......Page 161
7.4 Cost of a claim......Page 194
8.1 Theory......Page 196
8.2 Use of networks......Page 198
8.3 Float......Page 203
9.1 Basic principles of global claims......Page 206
9.2 Unacceptable global claims......Page 208
9.3 The current position......Page 210
10.1 Preparing a claim......Page 215
10.2 Types of evidence required to support aclaim......Page 220
10.3 ‘Scott schedules’......Page 227
PART II......Page 231
11.1 Standard Building Contract (SBC)......Page 233
11.2 Intermediate Building Contract (IC and ICD)......Page 262
11.3 Minor Works Building Contract (MW and MWD)......Page 265
11.4 Design and Build Contract (DB)......Page 268
11.5 Prime Cost Building Contract (PCC)......Page 270
11.6 Management Building Contract (MC)......Page 271
11.7 Construction Management Trade Contract (CM /TC)......Page 273
11.8 Major Project Construction Contract (MP)......Page 274
11.9 Measured Term Contract (MTC)......Page 276
11.10 Constructing Excellence Contract (CE)......Page 278
12.1 Standard Building Contract (SBC)......Page 282
12.3 Minor Works Building Contract (MW and MWD)......Page 287
12.4 Design and Build Contract (DB)......Page 288
12.7 Construction Management Trade Contract (CM /TC)......Page 289
12.9 Measured Term Contract (MTC)......Page 290
12.10 Constructing Excellence Contract (CE)......Page 291
13.1 Standard Building Contract (SBC)......Page 292
13.2 Intermediate Building Contract (IC and ICD)......Page 319
13.3 Minor Works Building Contract (MW and MWD)......Page 323
13.4 Design and Build Contract (DB)......Page 325
13.5 Prime Cost Building Contract (PCC)......Page 329
13.8 Major Project Construction Contract (MP)......Page 330
13.10 Constructing Excellence Contract (CE)......Page 332
14.1 Introduction......Page 333
14.2 The baseline......Page 334
14.3 Bills of quantities......Page 335
14.4 Functions of the architect and the quantity surveyor......Page 338
14.5 JCT Standard Building Contract (SBC)......Page 339
14.6 JCT Intermediate Building Contract (IC and ICD)......Page 359
14.7 JCT Minor Works Building Contract (MW and MWD)......Page 364
14.8 JCT Design and Build Contract (DB)......Page 366
14.9 JCT Prime Cost Building Contract (PCC)......Page 374
14.11 JCT Construction Management Trade Contract (CM /TC)......Page 375
14.12 JCT Major Project Construction Contract (MP)......Page 376
14.13 JCT Measured Term Contract (MTC)......Page 378
14.14 JCT Constructing Excellence Contract (CE)......Page 380
PART III......Page 381
15.2 Extension of time and liquidated damages......Page 383
15.3 Prolongation and disruption......Page 391
15.4 Valuation of instructions......Page 395
16.1 Introduction......Page 399
16.2 Extension of time and liquidated damages......Page 400
16.3 Prolongation and disruption......Page 409
16.4 Valuation of instructions......Page 416
17.1 Introduction......Page 421
17.2 Extension of time and damages......Page 422
17.3 Loss and/or expense......Page 427
17.4 Changes......Page 429
18.1 Introduction......Page 432
18.2 Compensation events......Page 434
18.3 Delay damages......Page 458
19.2 JCT Standard Building Sub-Contract Conditions (SBCSub/C )......Page 460
19.3 JCT Standard Building Sub-Contract with Sub-Contractor’s Design Conditions (SBCSub /D/C)......Page 471
19.4 JCT Intermediate Named Sub-Contract Conditions (ICSubNAM/SC)......Page 472
19.5 JCT Intermediate Sub-Contract Conditions (ICSub/C)......Page 473
19.7 JCT Design and Build Sub-Contract Conditions (DBSub /C)......Page 474
19.8 JCT Management Works Contract Conditions (MCWC/C)......Page 476
19.9 ACA Form of Sub-Contract (ACA /SC)......Page 479
APPENDIX......Page 487
Example of contractor’s claim for reimbursement of direct loss and/or expense under SBC with quantities clauses 4.23–4.26 – architect’s and quantity surveyor’s assessment with commentary......Page 489
Table of cases......Page 512
Table of standard form contract clauses......Page 526
Index......Page 537