Build a Frontend Web Framework (From Scratch)

Build a Frontend Web Framework (From Scratch)
contents
preface
acknowledgments
about this book
	Who should read this book
	How this book is organized: A road map
	About the code
	liveBook discussion forum
	Other online resources
about the author
about the cover illustration
Part 1—No framework
	1 Are frontend frameworks magic to you?
		1.1 Why build your own frontend framework?
		1.2 The framework we’ll build
			1.2.1 Features
			1.2.2 Implementation plan
		1.3 Overview of how a frontend framework works
			1.3.1 The developer’s side
			1.3.2 The browser side of an SPA
			1.3.3 The browser and server sides of an SSR application
		Summary
	2 Vanilla JavaScript— like in the old days
		2.1 The assignment: A TODOs app
		2.2 Writing the application
			2.2.1 Project setup
			2.2.2 The HTML markup
			2.2.3 The JavaScript code
		Summary
Part 2—A basic framework
	3 Rendering and the virtual DOM
		3.1 Separating concerns: DOM manipulation vs. application logic
		3.2 The virtual DOM
		3.3 Getting ready
		3.4 Types of nodes
		3.5 Element nodes
			3.5.1 Conditional rendering: Removing null values
			3.5.2 Mapping strings to text nodes
		3.6 Text nodes
		3.7 Fragment nodes
			3.7.1 Implementing fragment nodes
			3.7.2 Testing the virtual DOM functions
		3.8 Components: The cornerstone of frontend frameworks
			3.8.1 What is a component?
			3.8.2 The virtual DOM as a function of the state
			3.8.3 Composing views: Components as children
		Summary
	4 Mounting and destroying the virtual DOM
		4.1 Mounting the virtual DOM
			4.1.1 Mounting virtual nodes into the DOM
			4.1.2 Mounting text nodes
			4.1.3 Mounting fragment nodes
			4.1.4 Mounting element nodes
			4.1.5 Adding event listeners
			4.1.6 Setting the attributes
			4.1.7 A mountDOM() example
		4.2 Destroying the DOM
			4.2.1 Destroying a text node
			4.2.2 Destroying an element
			4.2.3 Destroying a fragment
		Summary
	5 State management and the application’s lifecycle
		5.1 The state manager
			5.1.1 From JavaScript events to application domain commands
			5.1.2 The reducer functions
			5.1.3 The dispatcher
			5.1.4 Result
		5.2 Assembling the state manager into the framework
			5.2.1 The application instance
			5.2.2 The application instance’s renderer
			5.2.3 The application instance’s state manager
			5.2.4 Components dispatching commands
			5.2.5 Unmounting the application
			5.2.6 Result
		Summary
	6 Publishing and using your framework’s first version
		6.1 Building and publishing the framework
		6.2 A short example
		6.3 Refactoring the TODOs app
			6.3.1 Defining the state
			6.3.2 Defining the reducers
			6.3.3 Defining the view
		Summary
	7 The reconciliation algorithm: Diffing virtual trees
		7.1 The three key functions of the reconciliation algorithm
		7.2 Comparing two virtual DOM trees
			7.2.1 Finding the differences
			7.2.2 Applying the changes
		7.3 Changes in the rendering
		7.4 Diffing objects
		7.5 Diffing arrays
		7.6 Diffing arrays as a sequence of operations
			7.6.1 Defining the operations you can use
			7.6.2 Finding the sequence of operations: The algorithm
			7.6.3 An example by hand
			7.6.4 Implementing the algorithm
		Summary
	8 The reconciliation algorithm: Patching the DOM
		8.1 Mounting the DOM at an index
			8.1.1 The insert() function
			8.1.2 Text nodes
			8.1.3 Element nodes
			8.1.4 Fragment nodes
		8.2 Patching the DOM
			8.2.1 The reconciliation algorithm
			8.2.2 Virtual node equality
			8.2.3 Subtree change
			8.2.4 Patching text nodes
			8.2.5 Patching element nodes
			8.2.6 Patching child nodes
		8.3 Publishing the framework’s new version
		8.4 The TODOs application
			8.4.1 Inspecting the DOM tree changes
			8.4.2 Using the paint-flashing tool (Chrome only)
		Summary
Part 3—Improving the framework
	9 Stateful components
		9.1 Anatomy of a stateful component
			9.1.1 The properties of a stateful component
			9.1.2 The methods of a stateful component
		9.2 Components as classes
		9.3 Components with state
			9.3.1 Updating the state and patching the DOM
			9.3.2 Result
			9.3.3 The component’s offset
			9.3.4 Patching the DOM using the component’s offset
		Summary
	10 Component methods
		10.1 Component methods
		10.2 Binding event handlers to the component
		10.3 Mounting the DOM with a host component
		10.4 Patching the DOM with a host component
		Summary
	11 Subcomponents: Communication via props and events
		11.1 Adding components as a new virtual DOM type
			11.1.1 Updating the elements getter
			11.1.2 Mounting component virtual nodes
			11.1.3 Destroying component virtual nodes
			11.1.4 Patching component virtual nodes
			11.1.5 A rendering optimization (optional)
		11.2 Events
			11.2.1 Saving the event handlers inside the component
			11.2.2 Extracting the props and events for a component
			11.2.3 Wiring the event handlers
			11.2.4 Emitting events
		Summary
	12 Keyed lists
		12.1 The key attribute
			12.1.1 Component nodes equality
			12.1.2 Using the key attribute
			12.1.3 Removing the key attribute from the props object
		12.2 Extending the solution to element nodes
		12.3 Using the key attribute
			12.3.1 Mistake 1: Using the index as key
			12.3.2 Mistake 2: Using the same key for different elements
		12.4 The application instance
		12.5 Publishing the framework
		Summary
	13 The component lifecycle hooks and the scheduler
		13.1 The component lifecycle
		13.2 Implementing the mounted and unmounted lifecycle hooks
			13.2.1 Hooks asynchronicity
			13.2.2 Hooks execution context
			13.2.3 Dealing with asynchronicity and execution context
		13.3 The scheduler
			13.3.1 A simple solution that doesn’t quite work
			13.3.2 Tasks, microtasks, and the event loop
			13.3.3 The event loop cycle
			13.3.4 The fundamentals of the scheduler
			13.3.5 Implementing a scheduler
			13.3.6 Scheduling the lifecycle hooks execution
		13.4 Publishing version 4 of the framework
		Summary
	14 Testing asynchronous components
		14.1 Testing components with asynchronous behavior: nextTick()
			14.1.1 Testing a component with an asynchronous onMounted() hook
			14.1.2 The fundamentals behind the nextTick() function
			14.1.3 Implementing the nextTick() function
		14.2 Publishing version 4.1 of the framework
		14.3 Where to go from here
		Summary
appendix—Setting up the project
	A.1 Where to find the source code
		A.1.1 Checking out the code for each chapter
		A.1.2 A note on the code
		A.1.3 Reporting problems in the code
		A.1.4 Fixing a bug yourself
	A.2 Solutions to the exercises
	A.3 Advanced topics
	A.4 Note on the technologies used
		A.4.1 Package manager: NPM
		A.4.2 Bundler: Rollup
		A.4.3 Linter: ESLint
		A.4.4 (Optional) Testing: Vitest
		A.4.5 Language: JavaScript
	A.5 Read the docs
	A.6 Structure of the project
	A.7 Finding a name for your framework
	A.8 Option A: Using the CLI tool
	A.9 Option B: Configuring the project from scratch
		A.9.1 The examples folder
		A.9.2 Creating the runtime package
	A.10 Publishing your framework to NPM
		A.10.1 Creating an NPM account
		A.10.2 Logging in to NPM
		A.10.3 Publishing your framework
	A.11 Using a CDN to import the framework
index
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