Browse's Introduction to the Symptoms & Signs of Surgical Disease

Cover
Half Title
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
Obituary
Foreword
Contributors
1. History-taking and clinical examination
	How to take the history
	A detailed history of pain
	Clinical examination
	History and examination of a lump
	History and examination of an ulcer
2. The heart, lungs and pleura
	Introduction
	Breathlessness
	Pneumothorax
	Pleural effusion
	Mesothelioma
	Empyema
	Pulmonary embolism
	Lung cancer
	Heart failure
	Valvular disease
	Infective endocarditis
	Congenital heart disease
	Left atrial myxoma
	Cough
	Inhaled foreign body
	Pneumonia
	Lung abscess
	Bronchiectasis
	Chest pain
	Chronic stable angina
	Acute coronary syndromes
	Aortic dissection
	Mediastinal masses and tumours
	Other symptoms/signs
	Stridor
	Haemoptysis
	Distended neck veins
	Chest and cardiac trauma
	Chest wall abnormalities
	Finger clubbing
	Ankle swelling
	Cyanosis
	Horner’s syndrome
3. The brain, central nervous system and peripheral nerves
	History
	Neurological symptoms arising from cranial conditions
	Neurological symptoms arising from spinal conditions
	Neurological examination
	Head and spine
	Practical neurological examination
	Specific intracranial conditions
	Head injury
	Brain tumours
	Brain haemorrhage
	Infections of the brain
	Hydrocephalus
	Peripheral nerve injury
4. The skin and subcutaneous tissues
	Anatomy and function
	Diagnosis of skin conditions
	Congenital skin disorders
	Genetic skin disorders
	Non-genetic congenital skin disorders
	Haemangiomas/lymphangiomas
	Acquired dermatological conditions
	Conditions of the skin caused by trauma including burns
	Infections of the skin
	Pruritus
	Benign skin lumps
	Benign subcutaneous swellings
	Tumours of the skin appendages
	Premalignant skin lesions
	Malignant diseases of the skin
	Other common skin conditions sometimes seen in surgical patients
	The fingernails
	The toenails
5. Major injuries
	First aid
	The primary survey and management at the site of the event
	The primary survey in the emergency department
	The secondary survey
	General examination of a conscious patient
	The secondary survey in the unconscious patient
	Tertiary survey
	Assessment of multiple casualties
6. Bones, joints, muscles and tendons
	Common symptoms
	General plan for examining the muscles, bones and joints of a limb
	Examination of the muscles
	Examination of the bones
	Examination of the joints
	General examination of the limb
	Conditions of muscles
	Conditions of fibrous tissue
	Conditions of tendons and tendon sheaths
	Conditions of bones
	Fractures
	Bone diseases and deformities
	Abnormalities of bone metabolism
	Infections of bone
	Miscellaneous conditions of bone
	Conditions of joints
	Congenital/genetic disorders of bones and joints
7. Upper limb
	The shoulder
	Causes of shoulder pain
	The elbow joint
	Causes of elbow pain
	The hand
	Abnormalities and conditions of the hand
	Fractures and dislocations of the upper limb
8. Lower limb
	The hip
	Symptoms
	Plan for examination of the hip joint
	Conditions causing pain in the hip
	The knee joint
	Symptoms
	Plan for examination of the knee joint
	Conditions causing knee pain
	The foot and ankle
	The ankle joint
	The foot arches
	Symptoms
	Plan for examination of the foot and ankle
	Congenital and acquired conditions of the foot and ankle
	Fractures of the lower limb
	Proximal femoral fractures
	Dislocations of the hip
	Fractures of the femoral shaft
	Supracondylar fractures of the femur
	Fractures of the knee, ankle and foot
9. Spine and pelvis
	Symptoms of spinal disorders
	Assessment of spinal problems
	Examination of the cervical spine
	Common conditions of the cervical spine
	Examination of the thoracolumbar–sacral spine
	Common conditions of the thoracolumbar–sacral spine
	Fractures
	Spine and pelvis
	Cervical spine
	Thoracolumbar spine
	Minor fractures
	Sacrum and coccyx
	Pelvic fractures
10. The arteries, veins and lymphatics
	The arteries
	Clinical asse ssment of the arterial circu lation of the lower limb
	Conditions of the arteries
	Chronic arterial insufficiency of the lower limb
	Pulsatile swellings (aneurysms)
	Haemorrhage
	Transient and permanent neurological weakness, paralysis and blindness
	Cold, blue digits, hands and feet
	Large limbs
	Surgically correctable causes of hypertension
	Intestinal ischaemia
	The veins
	Clinical assessment of the venous circulation of the lower limb
	Lower limb venous disease
	The lymphatics
	Conditions affecting the lymph glands
11. The mouth, tongue and lips
	Examination of the mouth, tongue and lips
	Congenital orofacial abnormalities
	Conditions of the lips, buccal mucosa and tongue
	Conditions of the palate
	Conditions of the tonsils
	Conditions of the floor of the mouth
	Conditions of the gums (gingivae)
	Conditions of the jaw
12. The neck
	History and examination of swellings in the neck
	Cervical lymphadenopathy
	Other neck swellings
	The salivary glands
	Conditions of the submandibular salivary gland
	Conditions of the parotid gland
	The thyroid
	Symptoms of thyroid disease
	Conditions of the thyroid gland
	Parathyroid disease and symptoms
13. The breast
	History and examination of breast disease
	Presentation of breast disease
	Carcinoma of the female breast
	Benign breast tumours
	Benign breast disease
	Conditions of the nipple
	Breast abscess
	Pregnancy
	The male breast
14. The abdominal wall, hernias and the umbilicus
	Examination of the abdominal wall
	Abdominal hernia
	Inguinal hernia
	Femoral hernia
	Prevascular hernia
	Umbilical hernia
	Paraumbilical hernia
	Epigastric hernia
	Incisional hernia
	Divarication of the recti
	Rare abdominal hernias
	Conditions of the umbilicus
15. The abdomen
	Examination of the abdomen
	Abdominal pain
	Pathology of the acute abdomen
	Inflammation of a viscus
	Perforation of a viscus
	Obstruction of a viscus/intestinal obstruction
	Infarction of a viscus
	Abdominal pain caused by haemorrhage
	Extra-abdominal and medical conditions causing acute abdominal pain
	Causes of acute upper abdominal pain
	Acute central abdominal pain
	Acute lower abdominal pain
	Chronic abdominal pain
	Chronic central abdominal pain
	Chronic lower abdominal pain
	Conditions presenting with dysphagia
	Conditions presenting with vomiting
	Conditions presenting with haematemesis or melaena
	Conditions presenting with jaundice
	Conditions presenting with diarrhoea
	Abdominal masses
	A mass in the right iliac fossa
	A mass in the left iliac fossa
	A lump in the groin
	Abdominal distension
16. The rectum and anal canal
	Applied anatomy
	Symptoms of anorectal disease
	Technique for digital ano-rectal examination
	Sigmoidoscopy and proctoscopy
	Conditions presenting with rectal bleeding
	Conditions presenting with anal pain
	Conditions presenting as an anal lump with or without pain
	Prolapse of the rectum
	Conditions presenting with pruritus ani
	Conditions presenting with faecal incontinence
17. The kidneys, urinary tract and prostate
	Symptoms of renal and urinary tract disease
	Diseases of the urinary tract
	Retention of urine
	Conditons of the prostate gland
	Conditons of the urethra
	Trauma to the urinary tract
18. The external genitalia
	Examination of the male genitalia
	Conditions of the penis
	Conditions of the scrotal skin
	Conditions of the testes
	Erectile dysfunction
	Male infertility
	Conditions of the female external genitalia
	Intersex conditions
Index