Biotechnology fundamentals

Cover
Half Title
Title
Copyright
Contents
Preface
Author
Chapter 1 Introduction to Biotechnology
	1.1 What Is Biotechnology?
	1.2 Microbial Biotechnology
	1.3 Animal Biotechnology
	1.4 Plant Biotechnology
	1.5 Nanobiotechnology
	1.6 Environmental Biotechnology
	1.7 Medical Biotechnology
	1.8 Industrial Biotechnology
	1.9 History of Biotechnology
	1.10 Human Genome Project
	1.11 Major Scientific Discoveries in Biotechnology
	1.12 Biotechnology as the Science of Integration
	1.13 Bio-Revolution
	1.14 Future of Biotechnology
Chapter 2 Genes and Genomics
	2.1 Introduction
	2.2 Cell as the Building Block of Life
	2.3 Classification of Cells
	2.4 Extracellular Components
	2.5 Intracellular Components
	2.6 Epigenetics
	2.7 Genes and Genetics
	2.8 Cell Division
	2.9 DNA Replication
	2.10 DNA Interactions with Proteins
	2.11 DNA-Modifying Enzymes
	2.12 DNA Methylation
	2.13 DNA Mutation
	2.14 Polymerase Chain Reaction
Chapter 3 Proteins and Proteomics
	3.1 Introduction
	3.2 Significance of Proteins
	3.3 Protein Biosynthesis
	3.4 Protein Folding
	3.5 Protein Modification
	3.6 Protein Transport
	3.7 Protein Dysfunction and Degradation
	3.8 Regulation of Protein Synthesis
	3.9 Protein Purification
	3.10 Tools of Proteomics
Chapter 4 Recombinant DNA Technology
	4.1 Introduction
	4.2 Making Recombinant DNA
	4.3 Development of Recombinant DNA Technology
	4.4 Significance of Restriction Enzymes in Recombinant DNA Technology
	4.5 Steps in Gene Cloning
	4.6 PCR and Gene Cloning
	4.7 Significance of Vectors in Recombinant DNA Technology
	4.8 Integration of the DNA Insert into the Vector
	4.9 Introduction of the Recombinant DNA into the Suitable Host
	4.10 Increased Competence of E. coli by CaCl2 Treatment
	4.11 Infection by Recombinant DNAs Packaged as Virions
	4.12 Selection of Recombinant Clones
	4.13 Identification of Clones Having Recombinant DNAs
	4.14 Selection of Clones Containing a Specific DNA Insert
	4.15 Recombinant DNA Products
	4.16 Advanced Techniques
Chapter 5 Microbial Biotechnology
	5.1 Introduction
	5.2 Anatomy of Microbes
	5.3 Microbial Metabolism
	5.4 Microbial Cell Culture and Growth
	5.5 Microbial Genetics
	5.6 Genetic Recombination in Bacteria
	5.7 Transposable Genetic Elements
	5.8 Use of E. coli in Microbial Cloning
	5.9 Pathogenic Bacteria
	5.10 Application of Microbes
	5.11 Food Microbiology
	5.12 Microbial Biotechnology
Chapter 6 Plant Biotechnology
	6.1 Introduction
	6.2 Plant Breeding
	6.3 Applications of Molecular and Genetic Tools in Agriculture
	6.4 Herbicide-Tolerant Plants
	6.5 Pigmentation in Transgenic Plants
	6.6 Altering the Food Content of Plants
	6.7 Gene Transfer Methods in Plants
	6.8 Target Cells for Gene Transformation
	6.9 Vectors for Gene Transfer
	6.10 Transformation Techniques Using Agrobacterium
	6.11 β-Glucuronidase GUS Gene
	6.12 Agroinfection and Gene Transfer
	6.13 DNA-Mediated Gene Transfer
	6.14 Electroporation for Gene Transfer
	6.15 Liposome-Mediated Gene Transfer
	6.16 Gene Transformation Using Pollen
	6.17 Applications of Transgenic Plants
	6.18 How Safe Are Transgenic Plants?
	6.19 Bioengineered Plants
	6.20 Terminator Technology
Chapter 7 Animal Biotechnology
	7.1 Introduction
	7.2 History of the Use of Animals in Research
	7.3 Drug Testing in Animals Is Mandatory
	7.4 Most Commonly Used Animals in Research
	7.5 Application of Animal Models
	7.6 Animal Models
	7.7 Animal Biotechnology
	7.8 Biotechnology and Fish Farming
	7.9 Regulation of Animal Testing
Chapter 8 Environmental Biotechnology
	8.1 Introduction
	8.2 Factors Affecting the Environment
	8.3 Environmental Protection by Biotechnology
Chapter 9 Medical Biotechnology
	9.1 Introduction
	9.2 Vaccines
	9.3 Vaccine Production
	9.4 Large-Scale Production of Vaccines
	9.5 Trends in Vaccine Research
	9.6 Issues Related to Vaccines
	9.7 Synthetic Peptides as Vaccines
	9.8 Antibody Production
	9.9 Gene Therapy
	9.10 Organ Transplant
	9.11 Cloning
	9.12 Human Embryonic Stem Cells
Chapter 10 Nanobiotechnology
	10.1 Introduction
	10.2 Nanotechnology
	10.3 Nanobiotechnology
	10.4 Applications of Nanobiotechnology
	10.5 Nanoparticles
	10.6 Nanotechnology in the Food Industry
	10.7 Water Pollution and Nanotechnology
	10.8 Research Trends
Chapter 11 Product Development in Biotechnology
	11.1 Introduction
	11.2 Methods of Scientific Enquiry
	11.3 Commercialization of Scientific Discovery
	11.4 Business Plan
	11.5 Biotechnology Product Development
	11.6 Phases of Biotechnology Product Development
	11.7 Biotechnology Entrepreneurship
	11.8 Capital Investment in Biotechnology
	11.9 Mergers and Acquisitions of Biotechnology Companies
	11.10 Biotechnology Products and Intellectual Property Rights
	11.11 Biotechnology Stock Investment: Pros and Cons
	11.12 Role of Regulators in Biotechnology Product Development
Chapter 12 Trends in Biotechnology
	12.1 Introduction
	12.2 Forensic Science
	12.3 Regenerative Medicine
	12.4 Bioinformatics
	12.5 Synthetic Biology
	12.6 Biosimilars
Chapter 13 Industrial Biotechnology
	13.1 Introduction
	13.2 Fermenter or Bioreactor
	13.3 Principle of Fermentation
	13.4 Production of Biomolecules Using Fermenter Technology
	13.5 Development Process of Microbial Products
	13.6 Upstream Bioprocess
	13.7 Downstream Bioprocess
	13.8 Industrial Production of Healthcare Products
Chapter 14 Ethics in Biotechnology
	14.1 Introduction
	14.2 Genetically Modified Foods and Plants
	14.3 Use of Animals as Experimental Models
	14.4 Use of Humans as Experimental Models
	14.5 Xenotransplantation
	14.6 Genetic Screening
	14.7 Biometrics
	14.8 DNA Fingerprinting
	14.9 Organ Donation and Transplantation
	14.10 Euthanasia
	14.11 Neuroethics
	14.12 Assisted Reproductive Technology
	14.13 Embryonic Stem Cells
	14.14 Human Cloning
Chapter 15 Careers in Biotechnology
	15.1 Introduction
	15.2 Career Opportunities in Biotechnology
	15.3 Entry-Level Job Positions in Biotechnology
	15.4 Which Job Is Good for Me?
	15.5 Why Are Research and Development Jobs the Most Challenging?
	15.6 Salary and Incentives in Biotechnology
Index