Biomechanics: Current Interdisciplinary Research: Selected proceedings of the Fourth Meeting of the European Society of Biomechanics in collaboration with the European Society of Biomaterials, September 24–26, 1984, Davos, Switzerland

Front Matter....Pages I-XVI
Front Matter....Pages 1-1
Research Management in Biomechanics....Pages 3-14
Dynamics of the Musculoskeletal System....Pages 15-25
Muscular Activity and Surface EMG....Pages 27-35
Periodontal Biomechanics....Pages 37-47
Issues in Sports Biomechanics....Pages 49-60
Potential Applications of Carbon-Carbon Composite Materials for Total Joint Replacement....Pages 61-72
Functional Adaptation and Homeostasis of Bone, Tendons and Ligaments....Pages 73-84
Pressure Distribution Underneath the Human Foot....Pages 85-95
Biomaterial and Biomechanical Considerations in the Development of Composites for the Restoration of Posterior Teeth....Pages 97-107
Front Matter....Pages 109-109
Evaluation of Tissue Tolerance to Carbon-Silicon Carbide, Alumina and PTFE-Grafted Polyethylene Particles....Pages 111-116
Biocompatibility of Implant Materials: Cell Culture Assay....Pages 117-122
Bone Replacement by Hydroxyapatite and Beta-Tricalcium-Phosphate in Rats — An Alternative Method to Demineralized Bone Powder....Pages 123-128
The Ring-On-Disc Method — Clinical Significance of a Wear-Screening Test of Biomaterials for Hip Joint Alloplasty....Pages 129-134
Cement-Free Fixation of Cup-Prosthesis with Glass Ceramic Coating in Dogs....Pages 135-140
Load Pattern Controlled Osseo Integration of Al 2 O 3 Ceramic Hip Sockets and Stepped Stems of a Vanadium-Free Titanium Alloy....Pages 141-146
Fracture of Acrylic Composite Bone Cement....Pages 147-152
Shot Peening as Surface Treatment for Bone Fixation Plates....Pages 153-158
Comparative Properties of Carbon Reinforced Carbon and Stainless Steel Bone Plates in Bending, Torsion and Fatigue....Pages 159-164
Front Matter....Pages 165-165
Global Mechanical Properties of Trabecular Bone: Experimental Determination and Prediction from a Structural Model....Pages 167-172
Relationship Between Mechanical Properties and Distribution of Lamellae in the Human Femoral Shaft....Pages 173-178
Front Matter....Pages 165-165
The Estimation of Inter-Osteonal Mechanical Properties from a Composite Model for Haversian Bone....Pages 179-184
Orientation and Age-Related Dependence of the Fracture Toughness of Cortical Bone....Pages 185-189
Bone Loss after Internal Fixation Using Plates, Determination in Humans Using Computed Tomography....Pages 191-195
Bone Loss in Plated Shaft Bone — A Parametric Study....Pages 197-202
Mechanical Stresses in the Distal Humerus and the Clinical Significance....Pages 203-208
Fracture Site Motion and Infection....Pages 209-214
Bone Remodeling — What are the Parameters?....Pages 215-220
Computer Simulation of Interarticular Fluid Flow....Pages 221-226
Experimental and Theoretical Compression Studies on Porcine Skin....Pages 227-232
Quantitative Estimate of the Variances of the Viscoelastic Properties Upon Physiotherapeutic Treatment of Skin Auto Transplantants of Patients with Thermal Trauma....Pages 233-236
Front Matter....Pages 237-237
The Influence of a Small Stenosis in the Carotid Artery Bulb on Adjacent Axial Velocity Profiles....Pages 239-244
Age-Related Changes in Viscoelasticity of Normal and Arteriosclerotic Human Aortas....Pages 245-250
Elastic Properties of Blood Vessels in Simple Elongation....Pages 251-256
A Non-Linear, Viscoelastic, Axisymmetric, Two-Phase Finite Element Model of the Passive Left-Ventricle....Pages 257-262
Structural Identification of the Lung-Thorax System....Pages 263-268
Front Matter....Pages 269-269
Dental Implants with Flexible Inserts — A Possibility to Improve the Stress Distribution in the Jaw....Pages 271-276
Strength Behaviour of Two Composite Dental Filling Materials Under Cyclic Loading Conditions....Pages 277-282
The Characteristics of Asymetrically Disposed Orthodontic Retraction Loops....Pages 283-288
Computer-Aided Automatic Production of Dental Restorations....Pages 289-294
Front Matter....Pages 295-295
Screw Theory and its Applications to Joint Motion Analysis....Pages 297-302
Front Matter....Pages 295-295
On the Application of a Smoothing Procedure in the Kinematical Study of the Human Wrist Joint In-Vitro....Pages 303-308
The Reproducibility of Passive Human Knee-Joint Motion Characteristics....Pages 309-314
Dynamic Modeling of Human Articulating Joints....Pages 315-320
The Developmental Relationship Between a Joint Torque and its Mass Distribution in Boys, Five to Sixteen years....Pages 321-326
Effects of Specific Muscle Power Increasing upon Patients with Metatarsal Alterations: An Objective Analysis....Pages 327-332
Vectograms to Evaluate Injuries of the Menisci....Pages 333-338
A Structural Model of the Human foot....Pages 339-344
Three Dimensional Structural Analysis of the Locomotor System....Pages 345-350
Front Matter....Pages 351-351
Evaluation of Stresses in Ceramic Hip-Joint....Pages 353-358
On the Loosening of the Iclh Double Cup Hip Prosthesis....Pages 359-364
Biomechanical Evaluation of a High Incidence of Acetabular Cup Fracture after Total Hip Replacement....Pages 365-370
Strain Distribution in the Proximal Femur after Cementless Implantation of Hip Replacements....Pages 371-376
X-Ray Picture Based Computer Follow-up of Patients with GSB Knee Prostheses....Pages 377-382
Finite Element Study of the Anchorage System of the GSB Tibial Prosthesis....Pages 383-388
Front Matter....Pages 389-389
Accuracy Analysis of a Clinical Measurement System for Ap-Laxity in the Human Knee-Joint....Pages 391-396
Anterior-Posterior Knee Instability and Stress Radiography a Prospective Biomechanical Analysis with the Knee in Extension....Pages 397-402
Experimental Determination of the Mechanical Properties of Knee Ligaments....Pages 403-408
Passive Resistance of the Knee after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction....Pages 409-414
Kinematics of the Patellofemoral Joint....Pages 415-420
Biomechanical Studies on the Talofibular Ligaments as Rotatory Stabilizers of the Lateral Malleolus....Pages 421-426
Front Matter....Pages 389-389
Contact Finite Element Stress Analysis of the Hip Joint and the Acetabular Region....Pages 427-432
Front Matter....Pages 433-433
Biomechanical Investigations on the New 3.5 Mm ASIF Cortical Screw....Pages 435-439
Application of Strain Gage Augmeted Screws for Evaluation of Long Bone Internal Fixation....Pages 441-446
Finite Element Models of Implants in Bone: Interfacial Assumptions....Pages 447-452
Initial Load Distribution in Internal Fixation Plates — an in Vitro Study....Pages 453-458
Influence of Unoccupied Holes on the Fatigue Behaviour of Bone Fixation Plates....Pages 459-464
Geometric Fit of the Intramedullary Nail to the Bone Cavity....Pages 465-470
Biomechanical Properties and First Clinical Results of A Newly Designed Intramedullary Fixation Device....Pages 471-474
Biomechanics of Fracture Fixation by Plastic Rods with Transverse Screws....Pages 475-480
A Finite Element Study of the Failures of AO/ASIF Intramedullary Nails....Pages 481-486
Locked Intramedullary Nailing — Improvement of Mechanical Properties....Pages 487-492
Front Matter....Pages 493-493
Stability of the Spine....Pages 495-500
Mechanical Properties of a New Device for Internal Fixation of Spine Fractures: The “Fixateur Interne”....Pages 501-506
In Vivo Measurement of Load on Harrington Distraction Rods in Sheep Spines with and without Fusion....Pages 507-512
Is Spondylolysis Likely to Occur in Normal Spine?....Pages 513-518
On the Initiation of Spondylolysis Through Mechanical Factors....Pages 519-524
Variables Altering the Mechanical Characteristics of Fixator Frames....Pages 525-530
New Concepts in External Fixation of the Lower Leg a Biomechanical Study....Pages 531-536
Front Matter....Pages 537-537
The Gait of Children with Spastic Diplegia — Practical Importance of Higher Frequency Resolution in Kinematic and Kinetic Measurements....Pages 539-542
Gait Parameters of Hemiplegic and Normal Subjects....Pages 543-548
Front Matter....Pages 537-537
Method for Determining the Parameters of Gait Correction in Hemiplegic Patients by Applying Electrical Stimulators....Pages 549-554
Biomechanical Diagnosis and Rehabilitation Control of Pes Equinus Patiens by Computerized Motion Analysis....Pages 555-560
An Ankle-Foot Orthosis for Dymanic Alteration of Varus/Valgus Knee Moments....Pages 561-566
Biomechanical Analysis of Limb Loads in Aided Gait Using Elbow Crutches....Pages 567-572
Prosthetic Knee Joint with Electronic Control....Pages 573-578
The Suitability of the Isokinetic Dydnamometer Cybex II to Obtain Normative Data on Hip Abductor Weakness....Pages 579-584
Front Matter....Pages 585-585
Application of Differentiated EMG in the Evaluation of Force-Length Characteristics of Elbow Flexors....Pages 587-592
Measurement of Joint Forces in the Human Knee by Quantification of EMG-Signals....Pages 593-598
An Approach to Estimate Muscle Force in Dynamics Using Surface EMG....Pages 599-604
The Effect of Muscle Lentgh on Force-Time Integral in Relation to Energy-Rich Phosphate Consumption....Pages 605-610
Electromyography in Back Research — Assessment of Static and Dynamic Conditions....Pages 611-616
The Dynamics of Hill’s Muscle Model — Considerations and Applications....Pages 617-622
Tendon Series Elasticity in Triceps Surae Muscles of Mammalians....Pages 623-628
Isometric Comparison at Optimum Length of Morphology of the Medial Belly of Rat M. Gastrocnemius in the Relaxed and Contracted State....Pages 629-634
Dissipation of Mechanical Energy in Muscles....Pages 635-638
Influence of Stiffness and Damping on Muscular Performance....Pages 639-641
Front Matter....Pages 643-643
Application of a Piezoelectric Polymer in Gait Analysis to Measure the Loads on Selected Foot Areas....Pages 645-650
Cushioning During Running — Material Tests Contra Subject Tests....Pages 651-656
Influence of Shoe Construction on the Supination During Sidewards Movement in Tennis Shoes....Pages 657-662
Forces and Torques During Sports Activities with High Accelerations....Pages 663-668
Front Matter....Pages 643-643
Mechanical Load on the Achilles Tendon During Rapid Dynamic Sport Movements....Pages 669-674
Plantar Flexion Torques in Jumping and in Isokinetic Plantar Flexion, a Comparison....Pages 675-680
The Energetic Cost for Human Running and Walking and the Problem of Hominization....Pages 681-686
Dynamic Loads on the Trunk During a Throwing Activity....Pages 687-692
Investigation of the Hay-Technique of the High Jump by Computer Simulation....Pages 693-698
Peripheral EMG Control of Handpaddle Influence on Swimming Movements....Pages 699-704
Considerations of the Butterfly Kick Based on Hydrodynamical Experiments....Pages 705-710
The Mechanics of the Roller Ski and its Influence on Technique in Cross Country Skiing....Pages 711-716
The Significance of the Triceps Surae Muscle Action as a Determinant in the Biomechanical Genesis of Ski Fall Injuries....Pages 717-722
Front Matter....Pages 723-723
Advances in Photoelasticity Applied to Biomechanical Problems....Pages 725-730
In Vivo Tendon Load and Tendon Strain in the Horse....Pages 731-736
Kinematic and Kinetic Factors of the Loading Work in Aircraft Luggage Compartments....Pages 737-741
The Interaction of Muscular and Passive Elastic Forces During Unloaded Finger Movements: a Computer Graphics Model....Pages 743-748
Back Matter....Pages 749-751