Bernstein to Brandt: A Short History of German Social Democracy

Contents
	Acknowledgements
	Abbreviations
	Notes on Contributors
	Foreword
	Willy Brandt
	Introduction
Part I: The Birth of a Movement
	1	The Beginnings of German Social Democracy, 1835—1875
	John Breuilly
	The Response to the Failure of Revolution, 1850-62
	The Development of an Independent Political Labour Party, 1862—75
	2	Working-Class Culture in Imperial Germany
	Dick Geary
	The Culture of Organized German Labour
	Politics and Working-Class Culture
	Labour-Movement Culture versus Working-Class Culture
	3	The SPD in Imperial Germany, 1871-1914
	Susan Tegel
	The Transformation to a Mass Party, 1890-1914
	Reformist possibilities
	4	Socialist T rade Unionism in Imperial Germany, 1871-1914
	John A. Moses
	Trade-Union Beginnings in a Reactionary State
	The Preconditions for ‘Positive Integration’
	5	Women Workers, Workers’ Wives and Social Democracy in Imperial Germany
	Ute Fr evert
	Industrial Women’s Work: Bone of Contention for Early Workers’ Associations and Trade Unions
	Socialist Concepts of Theory and Organization
	Women Social Democrats in Action: Welfare, Family Care, Women Workers’ Protection
	6	The Life and Work of Eduard Bernstein
	Roger Fletcher
	Life of Bernstein
	Bernstein and Revisionism
	Bernstein as Practical Politician
	Conclusion
Part II: The Crucible of War
	7 Everyday Life and the German Working Class, 1914-1918
	Volker Ullrich
	The Development of the Material Situation of the Working Class in Wartime
	Social Restructuring Processes within the Working Class
	Social Protest during the War
	Social Protest and Social Criticism: The Politicization of the Mass Movements
	8	The SPD in War and Revolution, 1914—1919
	Geoff Eley
	The November Revolution
	The Balance Sheet of Revolution
	9	The Socialist Trade Unions in War and Revolution, 1914-1919
	Hans-Joachim Bieber
	The Decision of 4 August 1914
	The Working Class and the Trade Unions, 1914-16
	The State, Industry and the Labour Movement, 1914-16
	The Mass Protests and Domestic Political Stagnation of 1917
	Peace Treaties in the East and Continuity in Trade-Union War Policy
	Mass Strikes and the Decline of Trade-Union Authority in 1918
	November 1918: Military Collapse and Political Revolution
	Co-operation with Industry or Socialization?
	The Trade Unions’ Successes and Failings in the November Revolution
	10	The Social Democratic Women’s Movement in Germany, 1914—1918
	Alfred. G. Meyer
	Welfare Work - a Novel Task
	Long-Term Results
	11 The Politics of Rationing versus the Politics of Subsistence: Working-Class Women in Germany, 1914—1918
	Ute Daniel
	Rationing and Price Control
	Subsistence Strategies
	12	Bernstein’s Political Position, 1914—1920
	Susanne Miller
	Bernstein’s Response to the Great War
	Bernstein’s Response to the Revolution of 1918
Part III: Triumph and Tragedy
	13	Working-Class Culture and Working-Class Politics in the Weimar Republic
	Dieter Langewiesche
	In Search of New Programmes
	Working-Class Education
	Cultural Socialism
	Culture in Everyday Life
	Cinema and Working-Class Culture
	Radio and the Labour Movement
	14	The SPD in German Politics and Society, 1919—1929
	Detlef Lehnert
	SPD Peace and Military Policy Between the World Wars
	Parliamentarism Without a Democratic Political Culture
	Welfare-State Problems in Times of Economic Hardship
	15 The Socialist Trade Unions in the Weimar Republic
	Klaus Schönhoven
	The Breakdown of Co-operation between Labour and Capital, 1918-24
	The Trade-Union Road to Impotence, 1929-33
	16 ‘Equal but not the Same’: The Social Democratic Women’s Movement in the Weimar Republic
	Karen Hagemann
	Female Agitation in the SPD
	17 The SPD and the Economic Depression, 1930—1933
	Harold James
	The Unions and ‘Labourist’ Politics
	A Problem of Identity
	The Politics of Re-employment Strategies
	18	The SPD and the Collapse of the Weimar Republic
	Peter D. Stachura
	The ‘Party of State’
	Lost Opportunities
	The Totalitarian Challenge
	Conclusion
	19	Eduard Bernstein Critic of Weimar Social Democracy
	Heinrich August Winkler
	The Choice Between Sectarian Dogmatism and the Realities of Power
	The Social Democratic Dilemma: Coalition or Opposition?
	Bernstein’s Plea for a Realistic Approach to the ‘War-Guilt’ Question
	20	The SPD in Emigration and Resistance, 1933^45
	Anthony Glees
Part IV: Renewal and Rebirth
	21	German Social Democracy since 1945
	William Carr
	A New Beginning
	Disillusionment
	The SPD Re-emerges
	The End of the Adenauer Era
	The End of the Adenauer Era
	The SPD-FDP Coalition
	Foreign Affairs
	Law and Order
	Economic Policy
	Reform Programme
	The End of the Coalition and the Future
	22	Democratic Socialism in the Contemporary World
	Neil Elder
	Germany
	Scandinavia
	Britain
	The Mediterranean Countries
Part V: Epilogue
	Marxism, Communism and Social Democracy
	Eugene Kamenka
	Marx and Las salle
	Murderous Utopias
	End of Ideology?
	Bibliography
	Index