Barkhausen noise for non-destructive testing and materials characterization in low carbon steels

Front Matter......Page 2
Copyright......Page 4
Contributors......Page 5
Preface......Page 6
Acknowledgment......Page 7
 Brief history of Barkhausen noise......Page 8
  Magnetic domains and domain walls......Page 10
  Domain wall motion and domain rotation process......Page 12
  Pining sites in low-carbon steels......Page 14
  Dynamics of the interaction between domain walls and pinning sites......Page 17
  Dynamics of domain nucleation and growth......Page 19
 Spatial distribution and detection of BN......Page 21
 Relationship between Barkhausen noise and hysteresis......Page 23
 Stochastic vs. deterministic nature of Barkhausen noise......Page 24
  Barkhausen noise for materials characterization......Page 26
  Barkhausen noise for nondestructive evaluation......Page 27
 References......Page 28
 Further reading......Page 30
 Historical overview......Page 32
  Direct coil magnetization......Page 39
   Homogeneous magnetization......Page 41
   Local magnetization......Page 49
  Rotational magnetization......Page 51
 Barkhausen noise detection......Page 54
  Sample-wrapping coil......Page 56
  Surface-mounted coil......Page 59
 Signal processing......Page 63
 Measurement repeatability......Page 69
 References......Page 74
 Magnitudes that characterize the BN signal......Page 79
  Signal envelope......Page 80
  Falling sheet envelope method......Page 82
 BN jump parameters......Page 87
 Probabilistic neural networks (PNN)......Page 90
 Feature extraction......Page 91
 The general self-organizing maps (SOM) algorithm......Page 92
 Deep neural networks......Page 94
 References......Page 98
 Introduction......Page 101
  Microstructure of API 5L steels......Page 102
 Methods for the investigation of low-carbon steels......Page 109
  X-ray global texture......Page 110
   Texture components in pipeline steels......Page 111
   Analysis of X-ray macrotexture measurements in pipeline steels......Page 113
  EBSD microtexture measurements......Page 115
 Further reading......Page 120
 Advantages and disadvantages of BN for material characterization......Page 121
 Dependence of BN on grain size......Page 122
 Influence of the carbon content on BN......Page 126
 Influence of applied tensile stress on BN......Page 131
 Influence of the uniaxial applied tensile stress on the BN signal......Page 132
 Influence of applied tensile stress on the angular dependence of BN......Page 134
 Influence of the uniaxial plastic deformation on the BN......Page 140
 Dependence of BN on plastic deformation and carbon content......Page 145
 Concluding remarks......Page 149
 References......Page 150
 Further reading......Page 152
 Introduction......Page 153
 MAE in a crystal......Page 154
  MAE from X-ray global texture......Page 156
  MAE from X-ray texture measurements in API 5L steels......Page 159
  MAE determination using direct method......Page 164
  Comparison between the MAEs derived from EBSD and X-ray texture......Page 167
   Number of grains for the accurate estimation of MAE......Page 169
   Equivalent orientations for the MAE estimation......Page 172
   MAE analysis in different sample planes......Page 173
  Determination of MAE from Barkhausen noise......Page 175
  Correlation between MAE and BN in circular samples......Page 177
 Correlation between EBSD microtexture-derived MAE and Barkhausen noise measurements......Page 182
 References......Page 186
 Introduction......Page 189
  Analytical and phenomenological models of Barkhausen noise......Page 190
   Experimental evidence of nucleation of reverse domains in low-carbon steels......Page 196
 Modeling the BN time-dependent signal......Page 197
  Model validation......Page 203
  Modeling BN jumps without the pinning site sharp approximation......Page 204
 Modeling the average MAE from Barkhausen noise......Page 208
   Nucleation of domains at grain boundaries......Page 209
   Modeling and simulation of magnetic free poles at grain boundaries......Page 210
   Modeling the average MAE from Barkhausen noise......Page 211
   Nucleation of domains at grain boundaries......Page 215
  Model validation......Page 219
   Explanation of the correlation between MAE and BN......Page 222
 Concluding remarks......Page 225
 References......Page 226
 Introduction......Page 229
 Eddy current testing......Page 230
 Magnetic incremental permeability......Page 232
  Single needle probe method......Page 235
  Double needle probe method......Page 237
 Magnetic Barkhausen noise nondestructive testing method......Page 238
 Conclusion......Page 240
 References......Page 242
 Further reading......Page 244
 Introduction......Page 245
  Landing gear airbus inspection......Page 246
  Barkhausen noise for gear transmission quality control......Page 247
  In-line stress measurement for pipeline inspection......Page 248
  Inspection of Flexible oil risers......Page 249
  Quantitative prediction of properties......Page 251
  Barkhausen noise for rail ways track application......Page 253
  Nondestructive evaluation of surface stress in pipelines using rotational continuous BN......Page 254
  Evaluation of the local stress on crack propagation......Page 255
 Concluding remarks......Page 256
 References......Page 257
 B......Page 260
 E......Page 261
 J......Page 262
 M......Page 263
 N......Page 264
 S......Page 265
 U......Page 266
 X......Page 267