Atlas of Pediatric Emergency Medicine.

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Contents
Contributing Authors
Photo Contributors
Preface
Acknowledgments
Chapter 1 Child Maltreatment
	Child Abuse
	Cutaneous Manifestations of Child Abuse
	Inflicted Burns
	Skeletal Manifestations of Child Abuse
	Femur Fractures
	Rib Fractures Due to Abuse
	Skull Fractures Due to Abuse
	Abusive Head Trauma
	Infanticide Versus Sudden Infant Death Syndrome
Chapter 2 Conditions Mistaken for Child Abuse and Sexual Abuse
	Mongolian Spots
	Folk Healing Practices
	Cold Panniculitis
	Nevi of Ota and Ito
	Port-Wine Stain
	Phytophotodermatitis
	Raccoon Eye
	Hair-Tourniquet Syndrome
	Nutritional Vitamin D Deficiency Rickets
	Osteogenesis Imperfecta
	Lichen Sclerosus Et Atrophicus
	Perianal Streptococcal Dermatitis
	Labial Adhesion
	Urethral Prolapse
	Straddle Injury
Chapter 3 Infectious Diseases
	Streptococcal Pharyngitis And Scarlet Fever
	Impetigo
	Ecthyma
	Erysipelas
	Necrotizing Fasciitis
	Ecthyma Gangrenosum
	Toxic Shock Syndrome
	Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome
	Meningococcemia
	Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
	Cat-Scratch Disease
	Chickenpox
	Herpes Zoster
	Oropharyngeal Herpes Simplex Virus Infection
	Herpetic Whitlow
	Mumps
	Roseola Infantum
	Measles
	Rubella
	Infectious Mononucleosis
	Erythema Infectiosum
	Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease
	Herpangina
	Cutaneous Larvae Migrans
	Ascariasis
	Malaria
Chapter 4 Sexual Abuse, Gynecology, and Sexually Transmitted Infections
	Sexual Abuse and Sexually Transmitted Infections
	Condylomata Acuminata
	Trichomoniasis
	Congenital Syphilis
	Primary and Secondary Syphilis
	Gonorrhea
	Genital Herpes
	Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding
	Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
	Ectopic Pregnancy
Chapter 5 Cardiology
	Bradycardia
	First-Degree Atrioventricular Block
	Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block
	Third-Degree Atrioventricular Block
	Long Qt Syndrome
	Syncope
	Sinus Tachycardia
	Supraventricular Tachycardia
	Atrial Flutter
	Premature Ventricular Contractions
	Hypercyanotic Spell of Tetralogy of Fallot
	Ductal-Dependent Cardiac Lesions/Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome
	Infective Endocarditis
	Acute Pericarditis
	Acute Myocarditis
	Acute Rheumatic Fever
	Chest Pain
	Congestive Heart Failure
Chapter 6 Respiratory Disorders
	Tracheobronchial Foreign Bodies
	Pertussis
	Croup
	Bacterial Tracheitis
	Epiglottitis
	Bronchiolitis
	Bacterial Pneumonia
	Viral Pneumonia
	Pulmonary Tuberculosis
	Milliary Tuberculosis
	Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
	Asthma
	Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
	Pulmonary Embolism
Chapter 7 Dermatology
	Urticaria
	Angioedema
	Serum Sickness/Serum Sickness–Like Reactions
	Erythema Multiforme
	Stevens-Johnson Syndrome and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis
	Drug-Induced Hypersensitivity Syndrome
	Henoch-Schönlein Purpura
	Seborrheic Dermatitis
	Allergic Contact Dermatitis
	Atopic Dermatitis
	Eczema Herpeticum
	Psoriasis
	Guttate Psoriasis
	Pityriasis Rosea
	Granuloma Annulare
	Scabies
	Tinea Versicolor
	Tinea Capitis
	Tinea Corporis
	Tinea Cruris
	Tinea Pedis
	Tinea Unguium
	Warts
	Molluscum Contagiosum
	Acropustulosis of Infancy
	Erythema Toxicum Neonatorum
	Epidermolysis Bullosa
	Infantile Hemangioma
	Mastocytosis
	Café Au Lait Spots
	Erythema Nodosum
	Acanthosis Nigricans
	Hidradenitis Suppurativa
	Transient Neonatal Pustular Melanosis
	Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis of the Newborn
	Candida Diaper Dermatitis
	Perioral Dermatitis
Chapter 8 Ophthalmology
	Orbital Cellulitis
	Preseptal Cellulitis
	Hordeolum and Chalazion
	Acute Conjunctivitis
	Ophthalmia Neonatorum (Newborn Conjunctivitis)
	Leukocoria
	Infantile Glaucoma
	Corneal Foreign Body
	Corneal Abrasion
	Corneal Ulcer
	Hypopyon
	Hyphema
	Subconjunctival Hemorrhage
	Eyelid Laceration
	Traumatic Globe Rupture
	Chemical Burns
Chapter 9 Otolaryngology
	Acute Otitis Media
	Complications of Otitis Media
	Otitis Externa
	Perichondritis
	Auricular Foreign Body
	Auricular Hematoma
	Epistaxis
	Nasal Foreign Bodies
	Acute Sinusitis
	Chronic Sinusitis
	Deep Neck Space Infection
	Peritonsillar Abscess
	Lemierre Syndrome
Chapter 10 Surgery and Genitourinary
	Intussusception
	Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
	Acute Nonperforated Appendicitis
	Perforated Appendicitis
	Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia
	Testicular Torsion
	Testicular Trauma
	Epididymo-Orchitis
	Torsion of the Appendix Testis
	Vaginal Foreign Body in a Prepubertal Child
	Congenital Imperforate Hymen with Hematometrocolpos
	Paraphimosis
	Ovarian Torsion
	Malrotation and Volvulus
	Umbilical Granuloma
	Umbilical Hernia
Chapter 11 Hematology and Oncology
	Sickle Cell Anemia with Fever
	Sickle Cell Anemia with Acute Pain
	Sickle Cell Anemia with Acute Chest Syndrome
	Sickle Cell Anemia and Cerebrovascular Disease
	Sickle Cell Anemia with Priapism
	Sickle Cell Anemia with Right Upper Quadrant Syndrome
	Sickle Cell Anemia and Transient Aplastic Crisis
	Sickle Cell Anemia and Acute Splenic Sequestration Crisis
	Newly Diagnosed Immune Thrombocytopenia
	Hemophilia
	Abdominal Mass
	Lymphadenopathy
	Osteosarcoma
	Ewing Sarcoma
	Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia
	Ovarian Tumors
Chapter 12 Rheumatology
	Kawasaki Disease
	Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
	Neonatal Lupus
	Raynaud Phenomenon
	Lyme Disease
Chapter 13 Neurology
	Bacterial Meningitis
	Raised Intracranial Pressure
	Altered Mental Status
	Febrile Seizures
	Seizures and Epilepsy
	Status Epilepticus
	Stroke in Children
	Neurocysticercosis
	Bell Palsy
	Headache
	Brain Tumors
	Hydrocephalus
	Spinal Cord Lesions (Non-Traumatic)
	Guillain-Barré Syndrome
	Myasthenia Gravis
Chapter 14 Endocrinology
	Diabetic Ketoacidosis
	Addison Disease
	Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
	Hypothyroidism and Myxedema
	Thyroid Storm and Thyrotoxicosis
Chapter 15 Gastrointestinal Disorders
	Esophageal Foreign Bodies
	Battery Ingestions
	Retained Bones
	Stomach and Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Foreign Bodies
	Sharp Object Foreign Body
	Anorectal Foreign Bodies
	Constipation
	Gastrointestinal Bleeding
Chapter 16 Nephrology
	Proteinuria
	Hematuria
	Minimal Change Nephrotic Syndrome
	Acute Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis
	Urinary Tract Infection
	Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
	Obstructive Uropathy
	Hypertensive Emergencies
	Nephrolithiasis
Chapter 17 Toxicology
	The Poisoned Patient: General Approach and Gastrointestinal Decontamination
	Acute Acetaminophen Toxicity
	Acute Salicylate Toxicity
	Iron Toxicity
	Opioid Toxicity
	Cocaine Toxicity
	Methemoglobinemia
	Organophosphate and Carbamate Insecticide Toxicity
	Castor Bean and Rosary Pea Ingestion
	Phenothiazine Toxicity
	Anticholinergic Drug and Plant Toxicity
	Acute Isoniazid Toxicity
	Camphor Toxicity
	Hydrocarbon and Naphthalene Toxicity
	Ecstasy Toxicity
	Ketamine Toxicity
	Dextromethorphan Toxicity
	Marijuana Toxicity
	Ethylene Glycol Toxicity
	Methanol Toxicity
	Ethanol Toxicity
	Prescription Drugs of Abuse
	Beta-Blockers and Calcium Channel Blocker Toxicity
	Clonidine Toxicity
	Cyclic Antidepressant Toxicity
	Lead Toxicity
	Caustics
Chapter 18 Environmental Emergencies
	Thermal Burns
	Peripheral Cold Injuries
	Anaphylaxis
	Brown Recluse Spider Envenomation
	Black Widow Spider Envenomation
	Scorpion Envenomation
	Dog Bites
	Rabies Exposure and Vaccine Prophylaxis
	Cat Bites
	Human Bites
	Venomous Marine Animals: Stinging Marine Animals—Corals, Sea Anemones, Hydroids, and Fire Coral
	Stinging Marine Animals: Box Jellyfish, True Jellyfish, and Portuguese Man-of-War
	Stinging Marine Animals: Sponges (Phylum Poriphera)
	Stabbing Marine Animals: Starfish, Sea Urchins, and Crown-of-Thorns Starfish
	Stabbing Marine Animals: Stonefish and Scorpionfish (Family Scorpaenidae)
	Stabbing Marine Animals: Stingray
	Stabbing Marine Animals: Cone Shells (Family Conidae)
	Biting Marine Animals: Blue-Ringed Octopus
	Lightning Injuries
	Snake Envenomations
	Altitude Sickness
Chapter 19 Orthopedics
	Fractures and Fracture Classification
	Tuft Fractures
	Phalanx Fractures
	Mallet Finger
	Bennett Fracture and Rolando Fracture
	Boxer’s Fracture
	Fractures of Carpal Bones (Scaphoid or Navicular Fracture)
	Distal Radius Fractures
	Galeazzi Fracture Dislocation and Monteggia Fracture Dislocation
	Olecranon Fracture
	Radial Head Fracture
	Supracondylar Fracture
	Humerus Fracture
	Clavicle Fracture
	Scapular Fracture
	Femur Fracture
	Patella Fractures
	Maisonneuve Fracture
	Ankle Fracture and Sprain
	Calcaneal Fracture
	Jones Fracture
	Lisfranc Fracture
	Stress Fracture
	Dislocations: Interphalangeal Joint Dislocation
	Lunate and Perilunate Dislocations
	Elbow Dislocation
	Anterior and Posterior Glenohumeral Joint Dislocations
	Hip Dislocation
	Knee Dislocation
	Ankle Dislocation
	Patella Dislocation
	Musculoskeletal Injuries: Gamekeeper’s Thumb
	Nursemaid’s Elbow
	Acromioclavicular Injuries
	Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis
	Legg-Calvé-Perthes Disease
	Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear
	Osgood-Schlatter Disease
	Achilles Tendon Rupture
	Foreign Bodies and Penetrating Injuries
	Hand Infections: Paronychia
	Flexor Tenosynovitis
	Bone and Joint Infections: Acute Osteomyelitis
	Chronic Osteomyelitis
	Osteomyelitis in Sickle Cell Disease
	Septic Arthritis
	Neonatal Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis
	Spinal Tuberculosis (Pott Disease)
Chapter 20 Trauma
	Head Trauma
	Skull Fractures
	Basilar Skull Fracture
	Acute Subdural Hematoma
	Epidural Hematoma
	Cerebral Contusion
	Cerebral Concussion
	Nasal Septal Hematoma
	Nasal Fractures
	Mandible Fractures
	Midfacial Fractures (Maxillary/Le Fort, Frontal Sinus, Nasoorbital Ethmoid)
	Orbital Trauma
	Fractures of the Zygomatic Complex and Zygomatic Arch
	Soft Tissue Trauma
	Lip Laceration Involving the Vermilion Border
	Tongue Laceration
	Traumatic Temporomandibular Joint Dislocation
	Penetrating Neck Injury
	Cervical Spine Injuries
	Jefferson (4-Part) Burst Fractures
	Odontoid Fractures
	Traumatic Spondylolisthesis of C2
	Extension Teardrop Fracture
	Anterior Flexion Fractures (Flexion Teardrop)
	Atlanto-Occipital Dislocation
	Spinal Cord Injury without Radiographic Abnormality (Sciwora)
	Bilateral Facet Dislocation
	Unilateral Facet Dislocation
	Anterior Subluxation
	Spinal Process (Clay Shoveler’s) Fracture
	Dental Caries and Dentoalveolar Abscess
	Dental Trauma
	Thoracic Trauma: Rib Fractures and Flail Chest
	Pneumothorax and Tension Pneumothorax
	Hemothorax
	Pulmonary Contusion
	Traumatic Airway Obstruction
	Aortic Disruption
	Traumatic Diaphragm Rupture
	Tracheobronchial Tree Injury
	Abdominal Trauma
	Splenic Injuries
	Hepatic Injuries
	Other Intra-abdominal Trauma Including Seatbelt Injuries
	Pelvic Fractures
	Ring Incarceration
	Nail Bed Injury
	Subungual Hematoma
	Digital Amputation
	Degloving Injury
	Penetrating Hand/Foot Injury
	Traumatic Extremity Amputation
	Fishhook Removal
	Zipper Injury
Chapter 21 Emergency Ultrasound
	Trauma
	Appendicitis
	Intussusception
	Pyloric Stenosis
	Biliary Ultrasound
	First Trimester Pregnancy
	Pediatric Lung Ultrasound
	Abscesses and Cellulitis
	Pediatric Hip Ultrasound
	Pediatric Fractures
Index
	A
	B
	C
	D
	E
	F
	G
	H
	I
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	S
	T
	U
	V
	W
	Z