Asphaltenes : chemical transformation during hydroprocessing of heavy oils

 Content: Definition and Structure of Asphaltenes Introduction Variables Affecting the Asphaltenes Precipitation  Reversibility of Asphaltenes Precipitation Elemental Composition of Asphaltenes Asphaltenes Density Characterization of Asphaltenes Role of Resins in Stabilizing Asphaltenes  Hydroprocessing of Heavy Oils Introduction Composition of Heavy Petroleum Feeds Upgrading of Heavy Oils Components of Hydroprocessing Catalyst Effect of Catalyst Properties on Hydroprocessing Activities Catalyst Life (Catalyst Stability)  Changes in Asphaltenes during Hydrotreating Introduction Asphaltenes Characterization after Hydrotreating Influence of Reaction Conditions on Asphaltene Structure  Catalyst Deactivation due to Asphaltenes Introduction Origin of Coke, Mechanism of Its Formation, and Properties The Role of the Asphaltenes in Coke Formation Catalyst Deactivation in Fixed-Bed Reactors Influence of Coke and Metals Deposition on Catalyst Deactivation during Hydroprocessing Characterization of Spent Catalysts Effect of Reaction Conditions on Catalyst Deactivation Catalyst Formulation and Its Effect on Asphaltenes Conversion Alternatives Approaches for Preventing Coke Deposition Regeneration and Rejuvenation of Spent Catalyst  Sediments Formation Introduction Sediments Analysis or Sediment Tests Possible Reaction Mechanism and Compatibilities between the Components Role of Catalyst and Feed on Sediments Formation Effect of Hydroprocessing Reaction Conditions on Sediment Formation Presumptions and Remedies for Sediment Formation  Hydrocracking and Kinetics of Asphaltenes Introduction Effect of Reaction Conditions on Asphaltene Hydrocracking Reaction Pathways of Asphaltene Hydrocracking Kinetic Modeling of Asphaltenes Hydrocracking  Fractionation of Heavy Crudes and Asphaltenes Introduction Distillation and Separation of Crude Oil Fractionation of Asphaltenes by Different Techniques Structure and Composition of Crude and Asphaltenes after Fractionation Concluding Remarks and References appear at the end of each chapter.
 Abstract:             
              During the upgrading of heavy petroleum, asphaltene is the most problematic impurity since it is the main cause of catalyst deactivation and sediments formation. Exploring many aspects related to asphaltenes composition and conversion, this book highlights the changes that these heavy and complex molecules undergo during catalytic hydroprocessing.                 Read more...