Artificial Intelligence For Dummies

Title Page
Copyright Page
Table of Contents
Introduction
	About This Book
	Icons Used in This Book
	Beyond the Book
	Where to Go from Here
Part 1 Introducing AI
	Chapter 1 Introducing AI
		Defining the Term AI
			Discerning intelligence
			Discovering four ways to define AI
		Understanding the History of AI
			Starting with symbolic logic at Dartmouth
			Continuing with expert systems
			Overcoming the AI winters
		Considering AI Uses
		Avoiding AI Hype and Overestimation
			Defining the five tribes and the master algorithm
			Considering sources of hype
			Understanding user overestimation
		Connecting AI to the Underlying Computer
	Chapter 2 Defining the Role of Data
		Finding Data Ubiquitous in This Age
			Understanding Moore’s implications
			Using data everywhere
			Putting algorithms into action
		Using Data Successfully
			Considering the data sources
			Obtaining reliable data
			Making human input more reliable
			Using automated data collection
			Collecting personal data ethically
		Manicuring the Data
			Dealing with missing data
			Considering data misalignments
			Separating useful data from other data
		Considering the Five Mistruths in Data
			Commission
			Omission
			Perspective
			Bias
			Frame of reference
		Defining the Limits of Data Acquisition
		Considering Data Security Issues
			Understanding purposefully biased data
			Dealing with data-source corruption
			Cancelling botnets with sinkholing
	Chapter 3 Considering the Use of Algorithms
		Understanding the Role of Algorithms
			Understanding what algorithm means
			Planning and branching: Trees and nodes
			Extending the tree using graph nodes
			Traversing the graph
			Playing adversarial games
			Using local search and heuristics
		Discovering the Learning Machine
			Leveraging expert systems
			Introducing machine learning
			Touching new heights
	Chapter 4 Pioneering Specialized Hardware
		Relying on Standard Hardware
			Understanding the standard hardware
			Describing standard hardware deficiencies
			Relying on new computational techniques
		Using GPUs
			Considering the von Neumann bottleneck
			Defining the GPU
			Considering why GPUs work well
		Working with Deep Learning Processors (DLPs)
			Defining the DLP
			Using the mobile Neural Processing Unit (NPU)
			Accessing the cloud-based Tenser Processing Unit (TPU)
		Creating a Specialized Processing Environment
		Increasing Hardware Capabilities
		Adding Specialized Sensors
		Devising Methods to Interact with the Environment
Part 2 Considering the Uses of AI in Society
	Chapter 5 Seeing AI Uses in Computer Applications
		Introducing Common Application Types
			Using AI in typical applications
			Realizing AI’s wide range of fields
			Considering the Chinese Room argument
		Seeing How AI Makes Applications Friendlier
		Performing Corrections Automatically
			Considering the kinds of corrections
			Seeing the benefits of automatic corrections
			Understanding why automated corrections don’t work
		Making Suggestions
			Getting suggestions based on past actions
			Getting suggestions based on groups
			Obtaining the wrong suggestions
		Considering AI-based Errors
	Chapter 6 Automating Common Processes
		Developing Solutions for Boredom
			Making tasks more interesting
			Helping humans work more efficiently
			Understanding how AI reduces boredom
			Considering how AI can’t reduce boredom
		Working in Industrial Settings
			Developing various levels of automation
			Using more than just robots
			Relying on automation alone
		Creating a Safe Environment
			Considering the role of boredom in accidents
			Using AI to avoid safety issues
			Understanding that AI can’t eliminate safety issues
	Chapter 7 Using AI to Address Medical Needs
		Implementing Portable Patient Monitoring
			Wearing helpful monitors
			Relying on critical wearable monitors
			Using movable monitors
		Making Humans More Capable
			Using games for therapy
			Considering the use of exoskeletons
		Addressing a Range of Physical Abilities
			Considering the software-based solutions
			Relying on hardware augmentation
			Seeing AI in prosthetics
		Completing Analysis in New Ways
		Relying on Telepresence
			Defining telepresence
			Considering examples of telepresence
			Understanding telepresence limitations
		Devising New Surgical Techniques
			Making surgical suggestions
			Assisting a surgeon
			Replacing the surgeon with monitoring
		Performing Tasks Using Automation
			Working with medical records
			Predicting the future
			Making procedures safer
			Creating better medications
		Combining Robots and Medical Professionals
	Chapter 8 Relying on AI to Improve Human Interaction
		Developing New Ways to Communicate
			Creating new alphabets
			Working with emoji and other meaningful graphics
			Automating language translation
			Incorporating body language
		Exchanging Ideas
			Creating connections
			Augmenting communication
			Defining trends
			Using Multimedia
		Embellishing Human Sensory Perception
			Shifting data spectrum
			Augmenting human senses
Part 3 Working with Software-Based AI Applications
	Chapter 9 Performing Data Analysis for AI
		Defining Data Analysis
			Understanding why analysis is important
			Reconsidering the value of data
		Defining Machine Learning
			Understanding how machine learning works
			Understanding the benefits of machine learning
			Being useful; being mundane
			Specifying the limits of machine learning
		Considering How to Learn from Data
			Supervised learning
			Unsupervised learning
			Reinforcement learning
	Chapter 10 Employing Machine Learning in AI
		Taking Many Different Roads to Learning
			Discovering five main approaches to AI learning
			Delving into the three most promising AI learning approaches
			Awaiting the next breakthrough
		Exploring the Truth in Probabilities
			Determining what probabilities can do
			Considering prior knowledge
			Envisioning the world as a graph
		Growing Trees that Can Classify
			Predicting outcomes by splitting data
			Making decisions based on trees
			Pruning overgrown trees
	Chapter 11 Improving AI with Deep Learning
		Shaping Neural Networks Similar to the Human Brain
			Introducing the neuron
			Starting with the miraculous perceptron
		Mimicking the Learning Brain
			Considering simple neural networks
			Figuring out the secret is in the weights
			Understanding the role of backpropagation
		Introducing Deep Learning
			Explaining the differences between deep learning and other forms of neural networks
			Finding even smarter solutions
		Detecting Edges and Shapes from Images
			Starting with character recognition
			Explaining how convolutions work
			Advancing using image challenges
		Learning to Imitate Art and Life
			Memorizing sequences that matter
			Discovering the magic of AI conversations
			Going for the state of the pretrained art
			Making one AI compete against another AI
			Pondering reinforcement learning
Part 4 Working with AI in Hardware Applications
	Chapter 12 Developing Robots
		Defining Robot Roles
			Overcoming the sci-fi view of robots
			Being humanoid can be hard
			Working with robots
		Assembling a Basic Robot
			Considering the components
			Sensing the world
			Controlling a robot
	Chapter 13 Flying with Drones
		Acknowledging the State of the Art
			Flying unmanned to missions
			Meeting the quadcopter
		Defining Uses for Drones
			Seeing drones in nonmilitary roles
			Powering up drones using AI
			Understanding regulatory issues
	Chapter 14 Utilizing the AI-Driven Car
		Getting a Short History
		Understanding the Future of Mobility
			Climbing the six levels of autonomy
			Rethinking the role of cars in our lives
			Taking a step back from unmet expectations
		Getting into a Self-Driving Car
			Putting all the tech together
			Letting AI into the scene
			Understanding that it’s not just AI
		Overcoming Uncertainty of Perceptions
			Introducing the car’s senses
			Putting together what you perceive
Part 5 Considering the Future of AI
	Chapter 15 Understanding the Nonstarter Application
		Using AI Where It Won’t Work
			Defining the limits of AI
			Applying AI incorrectly
			Entering a world of unrealistic expectations
		Considering the Effects of AI Winters
			Understanding the AI winter
			Defining the causes of the AI winter
			Rebuilding expectations with new goals
		Creating Solutions in Search of a Problem
			Defining a gizmo
			Avoiding the infomercial
			Understanding when humans do it better
			Looking for the simple solution
	Chapter 16 Seeing AI in Space
		Observing the Universe
			Seeing clearly for the first time
			Finding new places to go
			Considering the evolution of the universe
			Creating new scientific principles
		Performing Space Mining
			Harvesting water
			Obtaining rare earths and other metals
			Finding new elements
			Enhancing communication
		Exploring New Places
			Starting with the probe
			Relying on robotic missions
			Adding the human element
		Building Structures in Space
			Taking your first space vacation
			Performing scientific investigation
			Industrializing space
			Using space for storage
	Chapter 17 Engaging in Human Endeavors
		Keeping Human Beings Popular
		Living and Working in Space
		Creating Cities in Hostile Environments
			Building cities in the ocean
			Creating space-based habitats
			Constructing moon-based resources
		Making Humans More Efficient
		Fixing Problems on a Planetary Scale
			Contemplating how the world works
			Locating potential sources of problems
			Defining potential solutions
			Seeing the effects of the solutions
			Trying again
Part 6 The Part of Tens
	Chapter 18 Ten Occupational Categories that AI Can’t Replace
		Performing Human Interaction
			Teaching children
			Nursing
			Addressing personal needs
			Solving developmental issues
		Creating New Things
			Inventing
			Being artistic
			Imagining the unreal
		Making Intuitive Decisions
			Investigating crime
			Monitoring situations in real time
			Separating fact from fiction
	Chapter 19 Ten Substantial Contributions of AI to Society
		Considering Human-Specific Interactions
			Devising the active human foot
			Performing constant monitoring
			Administering medications
		Developing Industrial Solutions
			Using AI with 3-D printing
			Advancing robot technologies
		Creating New Technology Environments
			Developing rare new resources
			Seeing what can’t be seen
		Working with AI in Space
			Delivering goods to space stations
			Mining extraplanetary resources
			Exploring other planets
	Chapter 20 Ten Ways in Which AI Has Failed
		Understanding
			Interpreting, not analyzing
			Going beyond pure numbers
			Considering consequences
		Discovering
			Devising new data from old
			Seeing beyond the patterns
			Implementing new senses
		Empathizing
			Walking in someone’s shoes
			Developing true relationships
			Changing perspective
			Making leaps of faith
Index
EULA