Applied Mathematics and Modelling in Finance, Marketing and Economics (Studies in Computational Intelligence, 1114)

Preface
Contents
High-Precision Method for Space-Time-Fractional Klein-Gordon Equation
	1 Introduction
	2 Description of the Fractional Calculus and Sine Method
		2.1 Description of the Fractional Calculus
		2.2 Description of Sine Method
	3 Application
		3.1 Conformable Space-Time-Fractional Klein-Gordon Equation with Cubic Nonlinearity
		3.2 Implementation of Sine-Cosine Method
		3.3 Two-Dimensional Space-Time Fractional Klein-Gordon Equations
		3.4 Three-Dimensional Space-Time Fractional Klein-Gordon Equations
	4 Numerical Examples and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Construction of a Bivariate C2 Septic Quasi-interpolant Using the Blossoming Approach
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
		2.1 Polynomials on Triangles
		2.2 Blossom of a Polynomial
	3 The Blossom of a Spline
	4 Construction of C2 Septic Quasi-interpolants
		4.1 Construction Algorithm
		4.2 Properties of the Quasi-Interpolation Operator
	5 Numerical Examples
	6 Conclusion
	References
Solving Fuzzy Linear Programming Using the Parametric Form
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusion and Future Perspective
	References
Dynamic and Static Simulated Annealing for Solving the Multi-objective k-Minimum Spanning Tree Problem
	1 Introduction
	2 Problem Formulation
	3 Proposed Approaches
	4 Numerical Experiments
	5 Conclusion
	References
Kantorovich Methods for Urysohn Integral Equations
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries and Method
	3 Convergence Rates
	4 Discrete Methods
	5 Numerical Results
	References
The Maximal Numerical Range of a Quadratic Matrix
	1 Introduction
	2 Maximal Numerical Range of a Quadratic Matrix
	References
The Effect of Change in Basilar Membrane Stiffness on the Micromechanics Cochlear Model
	1 Introduction
	2 Model of Cochlear Mechanics
	3 Materials and Methods
		3.1 Implementation of Cochlear Mechanics Model Using Finite Difference Method
		3.2 Solution of the Coupled Equations Using Cramer's Rule
	4 Results and Discussion
		4.1 Response of Cochlear Partition Model
	5 The Effect of BM Stiffness on the Displacement of the CP
	6 Conclusion
	7 Conflicts of Interest
	References
New Variant of the GOST Digital Signature Protocol
	1 Introduction
	2 Review of Elliptic Curves Theory
		2.1 Group Law
		2.2 Multiplication of a Point by an Integer
		2.3 The Discrete Logarithm Problem
	3 GOST R 34.10-2012 Digital Signature Scheme ch8gost
		3.1 Keys Production
		3.2 The Signature Generation
		3.3 Signature Verification
		3.4 Signature Verification
	4 Our Contribution
		4.1 Keys Production
		4.2 The Signature Equation
		4.3 How Can Alice Generate a Signature
		4.4 Signature Verification
		4.5 Numerical Example
		4.6 Security Analysis
		4.7 Running Time
	5 Conclusion
	References
Existence and Uniqueness Solutions of Fuzzy Fractional Integration-Differential Problem Under Caputo gH-Differentiability
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminaries
	3 Main Results
	4 Illustrations
	5 Conclusions
	References
Social Dilemmas and the Emergence of Cooperation in Financing Public Goods
	1 Introduction
	2 Social Dilemmas and Social Preference Models
		2.1 The Role of Social Preferences
		2.2 Social Preference Models
	3 Social Preferences in Public-Good Games
		3.1 The Public Goods Game
		3.2 Towards Public-Good Games with Social Preferences Theories
	4 Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
Fundamental Systems of Units of Some Imaginary Multiquadratic Fields of Degree 16
	1  Introduction
	2 Preliminary Results
	3 Proof of the Main Theorem
	References
One-Dimensional Inverse Stefan Problem Numerical Approximation Utilizing a Meshless Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Formulation
	3 The Method of Fundamental Solution (MFS)
	4 Numerical Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Comparison Between Gradient Descent and Adam Algorithms for Image Reconstruction in Diffuse Optical Tomography
	1 Introduction
	2 Formulation of the Forward Problem
	3  Inverse Problem
	4 Numerical Results
	5 Conclusion
	References
Modelling and Forecasting Individuals Using the Internet (% of Population) in Morocco
	1 Introduction
	2 The Model and Its Probabilistic Characteristics
		2.1 Analytical Representation of the Model
		2.2 Distribution of the Process
	3 Moments of the Process
	4 Estimation of Parameters
		4.1 Aspects on Optimization Methods
		4.2 Estimated TF and Estimated CTF
	5 Simulation
	6 Application to Real-World Data
		6.1 Comparing the Fitness of the Proposed Model and the Lognormal Model
	7 Conclusion
	References
A Comparative Study of Dam-Break Problem over a Sandy Bottom  by an Unstructured Finite Volume Method
	1 Introduction
	2 Mathematical Model
	3 Numerical Scheme
		3.1 Finite Volume Roe-Scheme
		3.2 Second Order Approximation in Space
		3.3 Second Order Approximation in Time
		3.4 Boundary Conditions
		3.5 Treatment of the Source Term
		3.6 Mesh Adaptation
	4 Numerical Results
		4.1 Test 1
		4.2 Test 2
		4.3 Test 3
	5 Conclusion
	References
Valuing a European Option Under the Heston Model with Interest Rate
	1 Introduction
	2 The Dynamics of the Heston-LS Model
	3 Pricing Formula for European Options
	4 Numerical Experiments
	5 Appendix
	6 Conclusion
	References
A Multi-objective Approach to Energy Efficiency in Cellular Networks
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Work
	3 System Model and Problem Formulation
		3.1 Traffic State of the Mobile Users
		3.2 Approach Proactive
		3.3 Problem Modeling
	4 Simulated Annealing Algorithm Solution
		4.1 The Neighborhood of a Solution
		4.2 SA Algorithm Solution
	5 Simulation Results and Application
		5.1 Description of Data
		5.2 Computational Results
	6 Conclusion
	References
Inverse Problem of 2D Lung Electrical Impedance Tomography
	1 Introduction
	2 Mechanism of Operation
	3 The Forward Problem
		3.1 The Mathematical Model of the Forward Problem
	4 The Inverse Problem
		4.1 The Mathematical Model of Inverse Problem
		4.2 The Numerical Simulations of Inverse Problem
	5 Conclusion
	References
On Local and Global Bisection-Type Mesh Refinements in C Programming Language
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Mesh Generation
		3.1 Mesh Data Structure
		3.2 Rectangular and Triangular Mesh Generation of a Rectangle
	4 Mesh Refinement
		4.1 Global Refinement of a Rectangular, Triangular, and Mixed Meshes
		4.2 Local Refinement of a Triangular Mesh
	5 Refinement Algorithms
		5.1 Algorithms for Global Refinement
		5.2 Algorithms for Local Refinement
	6 Conclusion
	References