Applications in Electronics Pervading Industry, Environment and Society: APPLEPIES 2022

Preface
Contents
Internet of Things
Enabling Predictive Maintenance on Electric Motors Through a Self-sustainable Wireless Sensor Node*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Self-sustainable Wireless Sensor Node
		2.1 Power Consumption Measurement
	3 Conclusion
	References
Efficient Uploading of.Csv Datasets into a Non-Relational Database Management System
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
	3 Designing the Dataset Loading Module
		3.1 Unit Test Dataset
	4 Results
		4.1 Smart City
		4.2 Biomedical Dataset
	5 Conclusions and Future Works
	References
Microcontroller Based Edge Computing for Pipe Leakage Detection
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Multilayer Perceptron
		1.2 Support Vector Machine
		1.3 Decision Tree
	2 Hardware Used
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
eSysId: Embedded System Identification for Vibration Monitoring at the Extreme Edgepg*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 The Software: eSysId Implementing ARMA Models
	3 The Hardware: An Intelligent Accelerometer Sensor
	4 Experimental Validation
		4.1 Effect of Bit–Depth Quantization
		4.2 Cost–Benefit Analysis
	5 Conclusions
	References
Microcontroller Based Portable Measurement System for GaN and SiC Devices Characterization
	1 Introduction
	2 Embedded System Design
		2.1 System Requirements
		2.2 Designed System
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusions
	Appendix: Driving and Sensing Circuits Schematics
	References
Design-Time Tool for Energy Harvesting Solutions
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Main Contributions of This Work
	2 The Developed Design Tool
	3 Decision Logic Algorithm
	4 The Tool at Work: Example of Simulations Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Design and Validation of an Electronic Unit for Monitoring Water Distribution in Plastic Pipes
	1 Introduction
	2 Electronics Design
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Hardware Acceleration
Design and Implementation on FPGA of a HW Accelerator for Post-Quantum RLWE Polynomial Operations
	1 Introduction
	2 Preliminary
		2.1 Ring Learning with Errors
		2.2 Multiplication over Polynomial Rings and Number Theoretic Transform
	3 Hardware Implementation
		3.1 Post-Quantum Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) and Overall Hardware Architecture
		3.2 Demoboard on Intel DE4: NewHope-1024 Use Case
	4 Results and Comparison with State of Art
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Novel Front-End Circuit for the Digital Conversion of QCM-D Responses for FPGA-Based Frequency Measurements
	1 Introduction
	2 Background and Motivation
	3 Proposed Front-End Electronics
	4 Measurement and Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
A FPGA HardWare Architecture for AZSPWM Based on a Taylor Series Decomposition*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Theory of the Proposed AZSPWM
	3 HW Architecture
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Analysis, Design and Synthesis of an Execution Tracing Unit (ETU) Based on AUTOSAR Run-Time Interface (ARTI)
	1 Introduction
		1.1 State of Art for Execution Tracing
		1.2 AUTOSAR Run-Time Interface (ARTI)
		1.3 Innovation Idea of This Work
	2 Design of ETU
		2.1 ETU Registers
		2.2 Buffer
	3 Hardware Synthesis of ETU
	4 Behavioural Simulation of ETU and Buffer
	5 Conclusions
	References
A Side Channel Attack Methodology Applied to Code-Based Post Quantum Cryptography
	1 Introduction
	2 Architecture for Code Based Cryptosystem
	3 Attack Methodology
		3.1 Power Traces Derivation
		3.2 Secret Key Recovery
		3.3 Threshold Frequency Limit Detection
	4 Results Validation and Conclusions
	References
A 2 GHz Wide Tuning Range LC-Tank Digitally Controlled Oscillator in 28 nm CMOS Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 DCO Architecture
		2.1 Coarse and Fine Banks Design
		2.2 Inductor Sizing
		2.3 Current Sink Design
	3 Layout
	4 Post-layout Simulations Results
	5 State-of-the-Art Comparison
	6 Conclusions and Future Developments
	References
Machine Learning
Affordance Segmentation Using RGB-D Sensors for Application in Portable Embedded Systems*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Methods
	3 Experiments and Results
		3.1 Generalization Performance
	4 Deployment
	5 Conclusion
	References
ML-Based Classifier for Precision Agriculture on Embedded Systems
	1 Introduction
	2 Experimental Setting Under Study
	3 Pest Classifier Based on Machine Learning
		3.1 Dataset
	4 Experiments and Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Deep Reinforcement Learning for Automated Car Parking
	1 Introduction
	2 Deep Reinforcement Learning in Unity 3D
	3 Modelling and Training
		3.1 Rewards
		3.2 Training
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Machine Learning Techniques for Anomaly-Based Detection System on CSE-CIC-IDS2018 Dataset
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
		2.1 Dataset Description
		2.2 Data Preprocessing
	3 Experiment Setup
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
AI-Based Sound Event Detection on IoT Nodes: Requirements Evaluation*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Methodology
	3 Implementation and Results
	4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Contextual Bandits Algorithms for Reconfigurable Hardware Accelerators
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
		2.1 Linear UCB Contextual Bandits Algorithms
	3 Methodology
		3.1 Case Study
		3.2 Reward Computation Starting from Performance Data
		3.3 Offline Simulation
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Transport, Energy, Security, Health
Low-Cost Lithium-Ion Battery Characterization Setup Based on Auxiliary Batteries*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Simulation Platform
	3 Theoretical Setup Constrains
	4 Characterization of a 48V Mild Hybrid Battery
	5 Conclusion
	References
Model-Based Vital Control Architecture for Highly Automated Train Operations
	1 Introduction
	2 Model-Based Architecture
		2.1 System Overview
		2.2 VCM Logic
	3 Experimental Results
		3.1 Simulation Environment
		3.2 VCM Intervention Timing: Use-Cases
	4 Conclusions
	References
Exposure of the Human Head to 5G Electromagnetic Radiations: Modeling and Analysis
	1 Introduction
	2 Literature Review
	3 Methodology
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusion
	References
A Short-Range Free-Space Optical Communication System for Space-Assembled Microsatellites
	1 Introduction
	2 System Description
		2.1 System Architecture and Components
		2.2 Prototypes
	3 Experimental Analysis
	4 Conclusions
	References
A Low-Area, Low-Power, Wide Tuning Range Digitally Controlled Oscillator for Power Management Systems in 28 nm CMOS Technology
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed DCO
		2.1 Pseudo Differential Ring Oscillator
		2.2 DAC Architecture
		2.3 Simulation Results
	3 DAC and RO Layout
		3.1 Layout Design
		3.2 Post Layout Simulation Results
	4 State-of-the-Art Comparison
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Sorting of Live/dead Escherichia Coli by Means of Dielectrophoresis for Rapid Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing
	1 Introduction
	2 DEP-Based Microfluidic Channel
	3 Performance Evaluation
	4 Conclusions
	References
Short Contributions
Soluble Mandrel Technology to Produce Parts in Composite Material for Formula 1
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Soluble Mandrels
		1.2 Features
		1.3 Applications
		1.4 Prototypes and Small Series
		1.5 Rapid Prototyping
	2 Conclusions
	References
A Reconfigurable 2D-Convolution Accelerator for DNNs Quantized with Mixed-Precision*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Hardware Architecture
	3 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Diagnostic Analytics for Pixelated Particle Detectors: A Case Study
	1 Introduction
	2 ECAL-2 Calorimeter
		2.1 Calibration, Alignment, and Monitoring
	3 Diagnostic Analytics
		3.1 Pulse Modeling
	4 Results and Discussion
	5 Conclusions
	References
Developing a Toolchain for Synthetic Driving Scenario Datasets
	1 Introduction
	2 System Architecture
		2.1 User Parameter Description
		2.2 Scenario Generator
		2.3 Scenario Simulator
	3 Results and Discussion
	4 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Ticketing Systems for Smart Public Transportation: Tools at the User Side
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Security, Privacy and Ticketing Systems
		1.2 Contribution and Plan of the Paper
	2 Tools at the User Side
		2.1 Smart Cards
		2.2 Smart Card Emulation
		2.3 Lightweight Cryptography
	3 Current Smart Ticketing Proposals
	4 Conclusions
	References
Debris Detection and Tracking Through On-Board LiDAR
	1 Introduction
	2 Analysis of Observing Opportunities Before a Potential Collision
		2.1 Collection and Propagation of Historical Conjunction Events
		2.2 Results: Characteristics of Observing Opportunities
	3 Spaceborne LiDAR for Debris Detection and Tracking
	References
Automatic IP Core Generator for FPGA-Based Q-Learning Hardware Accelerators
	1 Introduction
	2 Hardware Accelerator Architecture
	3 Application Overview
	4 Conclusion
	References
Review of Security Vulnerabilities in LoRaWAN*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Cyber Risks and Threats in LoRaWAN
		2.1 Confidentiality
		2.2 Integrity
		2.3 Availability
	3 Bibliometric Overview
	4 Conclusion
	References
Experiments on Speeding Up the Recursive Fast Fourier Transform by Using AVX-512 SIMD Instructions*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Different Data Layouts: An Overview
	3 The AVX-512 Instruction Set
		3.1 Loop Unrolling
		3.2 Superword Level Parallelism
	4 The Recursive Version of the FFT Algorithm
		4.1 Twiddle Factor: How Memoization Can Help
	5 The Vectorized Version of the Recursive FFT
		5.1 Link to Hadamard Product
		5.2 Base Cases of Recursion
	6 Experimental Results
		6.1 Numerical Results
		6.2 Why Is Block Interleaved not Good Enough in our Setting?
	7 Conclusions
	References
An Image Processing Algorithm to Optimize the Output Configuration of a Photonic Integrated Circuit
	1 Introduction
	2 Related Works
	3 Architecture
	4 Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
Multi-objective Framework for Training and Hardware Co-optimization in FPGAs*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Proposed Methodology
	3 Results
	4 Conclusions
	References
Transiently-Powered Batteryless Device-to-Device Communication Protocol Simulator
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Related Work
		1.2 The Problem Statement and Contributions
	2 Simulator Design
	3 Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Digital Modulation Recognition Method Based on High-Order Cumulant Feature Learning
	1 Introduction
	2 Modulation Recognition Based on High-Order Cumulant
		2.1 Principle of Digital Modulation
		2.2 High-Order Cumulant Learning
		2.3 Classifier Design
		2.4 Modulation Recognition Process
	3 Experiments
		3.1 Experimental Settings
		3.2 Experimental Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Integrated Photonics for NewSpace
	1 Introduction
	2 Integrated Optoelectronic Platforms
	3 Space Applications of Integrated Photonics
		3.1 Microwave Photonics
		3.2 Attitude and Orbit Control Systems (AOCS)
	4 Prospects
	5 Conclusions
	References
Implementation of Dynamic Acceleration Unit Exchange on a RISC-V Soft-Processor
	1 Introduction
	2 Background
		2.1 DFX
		2.2 Klessydra-T13
	3 Klessydra-T13-DFX
		3.1 Architecture
		3.2 Dynamic VCU
		3.3 Simulation Environment
	4 Performance Evaluation of the DFX
	5 Conclusion
	References
Investigating High-Level Decision Making for Automated Driving
	1 Introduction
	2 The Leurent Environment for Automated Driving Based on RL
	3 High-Level Decision-Making Model
		3.1 Driver Decision Maker
		3.2 Behaviour Executor
	4 Experimental Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Work
	References
A Blind Modulation Classification Method Based on Decision Tree and High Order Cumulants
	1 Introduction
	2 Modulation Classification Method Based on Decision Tree and High Order Cumulants
		2.1 System Model Structure
		2.2 MC-SC Block
		2.3 MTC Block
		2.4 MLC Block
	3 Experimental Results and Analysis
		3.1 Experiment Process
		3.2 Signal Waveform Plot
		3.3 Experiment Results and Analysis
	4 Conclusion
	References
Design and FPGA Synthesis of BAN Processing Unit for Non-Archimedean Number Crunching*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Euclidean Numbers and the Alpha Theory
	3 The BAN Format
	4 BAN Processing Unit (BPU) Design
	5 BPU Synthesis and Results
	6 Conclusions
	References
Prototyping and Preliminary Testing of a Revamped Electric Bus with a Fast Recharge System
	1 Introduction
	2 Revamping of the Benchmark Minibus
	3 Preliminary Testing of the System at ENEA Labs
	4 Preliminary Testing of the System on an Internal Circuit at ENEA Casaccia Research Center
	5 Conclusions and Future Developments
	References
On the Deployment of Low-Cost Sensors to Enable Context-Aware Smart Classrooms*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Architecture
		2.1 Sensing Kit
		2.2 Back-End Server
		2.3 Communications
		2.4 Users and Roles
	3 Implementation
	4 Preliminary Results
	5 Conclusions
	References
Modulation Recognition Based on BP Neural Network
	1 Introduction
	2 Feature Learning and Recognition
		2.1 Structure of Modulation Recognition
		2.2 Principle of Digital Signal Modulation
		2.3 Feature Parameter Sets
		2.4 BP Neural Network Classifier
	3 Experimental Results and Analysis
		3.1 Simulation Settings
		3.2 Simulation Results
	4 Conclusion
	References
Towards Efficient Gateways and Servers for Biosensors
	1 Introduction
	2 BGW Driver: Case-Study on BT-To-Ethernet Gateway
	3 Experimental Results and Conclusions - Digital Twin Concept
		3.1 Gateway Metrics: Average Waiting Time vs BGW ECG Rate
		3.2 File Server and Analysis and Animation Application: Security Overheads
	4 Future Work
	References
Improvement of Sodium-Metal Halide Battery Electrical Equivalent Model Including Temperature Dependencypg*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Characterization Test Campaign and Parameter Identification Procedure
	3 Identification Results and Model Verification
	4 Conclusion
	References
Radio Frequency Drying of Wool Fabrics
	1 Introduction
		1.1 Radiofrequency Heating
	2 Electro Magnetic Simulation Model
	3 Thermal Simulation Model
	4 Conclusions and Future Developments
	References
Preliminary Design and Simulation of a Transport and Winding System of an Innovative Radio Frequency Dryer
	1 Introduction
	2 Identification of Wool Fabric Properties
	3 Modelling of the Transmission System
	4 Simulation Results
	5 Conclusions and Future Developments
	References
Design and Test of an LSTM-Based Algorithm for Li-Ion Batteries Remaining Useful Life Estimation
	1 Introduction
	2 Dataset Description
	3 Preliminary Dataset Analysis and Manipulation
	4 LSTM Design and Validation
	5 Conclusion and Future Works
	References
A Clinical Tool for Prognosis and Speech Rehabilitation in Dysarthric Patients: The DESIRE Project*-12pt
	1 Introduction
	2 Materials and Method
	3 Discussion
	4 Conclusion
	References
Author Index