Application of Cathodoluminescence Imaging to the Study of Sedimentary Rocks

Cover......Page 1
Half-title......Page 3
Title......Page 5
Copyright......Page 6
Contents......Page 7
Preface......Page 9
Acknowledgments......Page 11
1 Introduction......Page 13
PART 1 Principles and instrumentation......Page 17
Introduction......Page 19
Fundamental causes of cathodoluminescence......Page 21
Extrinsic luminescence centers......Page 24
Intrinsic luminescence centers......Page 26
Summary statement......Page 28
Introduction......Page 31
Optical cathodoluminescence microscopy......Page 32
Principles of SEM-CL imaging......Page 35
Samples and sample preparation......Page 37
Characteristics of SEM–CL images......Page 39
Problems with SEM–CL imaging of carbonate minerals......Page 40
Backscatter imaging in the SEM......Page 41
Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS)......Page 42
Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy......Page 46
Electron probe microanalysis (EPMA)......Page 49
Secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS)......Page 50
Laser-ablation–inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LA–ICP-MS)......Page 53
Proton-induced X-ray emission (Micro-PIXE)......Page 55
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)......Page 56
PART II Applications......Page 59
Introduction......Page 61
Cathodoluminescence color of quartz as a provenance tool......Page 62
Cathodoluminescence color of feldspars......Page 68
Principles......Page 69
Volcanic quartz......Page 74
Plutonic quartz......Page 77
Hydrothermal quartz......Page 83
Metamorphic quartz......Page 84
Cathodoluminescence textures in feldspars......Page 90
Cathodoluminescence features of zircon......Page 91
Shocked quartz......Page 93
Combined provenance techniques......Page 94
Introduction......Page 98
Compaction and porosity loss......Page 99
Mechanical compaction......Page 100
Brittle deformation......Page 102
Chemical compaction (pressure solution)......Page 105
Compaction and grain contacts......Page 106
Cementation......Page 108
Quartz cements......Page 109
Carbonate cements......Page 115
Clay-mineral cements......Page 117
Mineral replacement and neomorphism......Page 119
Introduction......Page 121
Luminescence centers......Page 122
Aragonite......Page 126
Dolomite......Page 127
Luminescence of marine carbonates......Page 128
Carbonate petrology......Page 129
Carbonate diagenesis......Page 130
Cementation and cement stratigraphy......Page 132
Correlation by cement stratigraphy......Page 138
Neomorphism in carbonates......Page 141
Skeletal petrology......Page 146
Carbonate skeletons......Page 147
Study of nonskeletal apatite......Page 148
Applications to sedimentary ore deposits......Page 150
Applications to petroleum geology......Page 152
Applications to archeology......Page 154
Applications to Precambrian rocks......Page 156
References......Page 160
Index......Page 176