Aortic Valve Transcatheter Intervention: Complications and Solutions

Cover
Title Page
Copyright Page
Contents
List of Contributors
Foreword
Chapter 1 Introduction
	References
Part I General Complications
	Chapter 2 Vascular Complications
		Introduction
		Preventing and Managing Vascular Complications
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 3 Annular Rupture
		Introduction
		Anatomy of the Aortic Valvar Complex
		Pathophysiology of Annular Rupture
		Sites and Classification of Annular Rupture
		MDCT Assessment of the Aortic Annulus
		Management of Annular Rupture
		Prevention of Aortic Rupture
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 4 Coronary Obstruction
		Introduction
		Risk Factors and Mechanism
		Clinical Presentation
		Preventive Measures and Treatment
		Take Home Message
		References
	Chapter 5 Cerebrovascular Events
		Introduction
		Definition of Stroke and Epidemiology
		Silent Stroke
		Postprocedural Stroke Predictors
		Predictors of Stroke in the Acute Phase
		Predictors of Tardive Stroke
		Postprocedural Stroke Prevention
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 6 Ventricular Perforation
		Introduction
		General Mechanisms and Clinical Presentation of VP
		Risk Factors for Ventricular Perforation
		Clinical Factors
		Anatomical Factors
		Procedural Factors
		Aortic Valve Crossing
		Wire Exchange
		THV Pre-deployment and Deployment
		Right Ventricular Perforation
		Management of Ventricular Perforation
		LV Perforation and Surgical Repairing Techniques
		Outcomes of Ventricular Perforations
		Prevention of Ventricular Perforations
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 7 Valve Migration
		Introduction
		Clinical Relevance
		Monitoring
		Treatment
		Conclusion
		Acknowledgements
		References
	Chapter 8 Paravalvular Leaks
		Clinical Relevance
		Prevention
		Monitoring
		Treatment
		Valve-In-Valve Implantation (ViV)
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 9 Conduction Disturbances
		Introduction
		Mechanism
		Incidence
		Predictors
		Predictors of New-Onset LBBB
		Role of Electrophysiology Studies and Management of Conduction Disturbances After TAVI
		Summary
		References
	Chapter 10 Leaflet Thrombosis
		Background
		Diagnosis
		Incidence
		Predictors
		Clinical Consequences
		Management
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 11 Bleeding
		Introduction
		Clinical Relevance
		Prevention
		Treatment
		References
	Chapter 12 Renal Dysfunction
		Clinical Relevance
		Prevention
		Monitoring
		Treatment
		References
Part II Specific Complications
	Chapter 13 Bicuspid Valve
		Clinical Relevance
		Prevention
		Monitoring
		Treatment
		References
	Chapter 14 Degenerated Aortic Bioprosthesis
		Introduction
		Definition of Structural Valve Degeneration
		Diagnosis of SVD
		Durability of Bioprosthesis
		Transcatheter Bioprosthesis
		Management of SVD
		References
	Chapter 15 Low-Flow Low-Gradient Aortic Stenosis
		Introduction
		References
	Chapter 16 Concomitant Mitral Regurgitation
		Introduction and Clinical Relevance
		Mitral Regurgitation Assessment in Patients with Concomitant Aortic Stenosis
		Prognostic Impact of Concomitant Mitral Regurgitation
		How to Treat Patients with Severe Aortic Stenosis and Concomitant Mitral Regurgitation
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 17 Alternative Transcatheter Approaches
		The Need for Alternative Vascular Access
		The Transapical Access
		The Transaortic Access
		The Subclavian Access
		Subclavian Access: Procedural Technique
		Subclavian Access: tips ’n tricks in Specific Conditions
		The Transcarotid Access
		The Transcaval Access
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 18 Transapical and Direct Aortic Approach
		Transapical Access
		Sudden Death and Low Ejection Fraction
		Pericardial Effusion or Pericardial Tamponade
		Coronary Injury
		Mitral Insufficiency
		Respiratory Failure
		Wound Infection
		Transaortic Access
		References
	Chapter 19 Patients Needing Hemodynamic Support
		Background
		Devices for Mechanical Circulatory Support
		Impella
		Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
		TandemHeart
		Choice of the Device
		Technical Considerations
		Choice and Management of the Access Site
		Prophylactic Use of MCS in TAVI
		Emergent Use of MCS in TAVI
		Mechanical Circulatory Support Device-Related Complications
		Final Considerations
		References
	Chapter 20 Coronary Angiography and Interventions After TAVI
		Coronary Access After Self-Expandable EVOLUT R/PRO Valve
		Coronary Access After Balloon-Expandable SAPIEN 3 Valve
		Coronary Access after Other Transcatheter Valves
		Coronary Access After TAVI for Degenerated Bioprosthetic Surgical Valve (ViV)
		Coronary Access After TAVI-in-TAVI
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 21 Complex Femoral Accesses
		Introduction
		Ilio-Femoral Atherosclerotic Disease
		Concomitant Aortic Aneurisms
		Severe Iliofemoral Tortuosity
		High Bifurcation
		Conclusions
		References
	Chapter 22 Low-Risk Patients
		Introduction
		Historical Perspective
		Low-Risk TAVI Trials
		Future Challenges
		Conclusion
		Declarations of Interest
		References
	Chapter 23 Gender Peculiarities
		Introduction
		Gender Peculiarities Among TAVI Candidates
		Gender Differences in TAVI complications
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 24 The Pathologist Perspective
		Introduction
		Infective Endocarditis
		Leaflet Thrombosis
		Neointimal Coverage and Pannus Formation
		Leaflet Calcification
		Structural Changes (Leaflet Tears)
		Conclusion
		References
	Chapter 25 Conclusion: What We Learnt from Clinical Trials and Real-World Experience
		Bleeding
		Vascular Complications
		Paravalvular Leaks
		Permanent Pacemaker Implantation
		Acute Kidney Injury
		Cerebrovascular Events
		Coronary Occlusion
		Annular Rupture and Ventricular Perforation
		Device Embolization
		Conclusions
		References
Index
EULA