Antarctic Nutrient Cycles and Food Webs

Front Matter....Pages I-XIV
Introduction: Antarctic Biology, 1974–1983....Pages 1-3
Front Matter....Pages 5-5
Nutrient Cycles in Antarctic Marine Ecosystems....Pages 6-10
Oceanic Frontal Systems and Biological Enhancement....Pages 11-21
The Distribution of Inorganic Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Silicon and Dissolved Organic Matter in Surface and Deep Waters of the Southern Ocean....Pages 22-29
Trace Element Geochemistry in the Southern Ocean....Pages 30-37
A Contribution to the Oceanology of the Prince Edward Islands....Pages 38-45
Nutrient Upwelling and Its Effects in the Lee of Marion Island....Pages 46-51
Marine Biological and Oceanographical Investigations in Lützow-Holm Bay, Antarctica....Pages 52-59
Light-Dependence of Phytoplankton Photosynthesis in the Antarctic Ocean: Implications for Regulating Productivity....Pages 60-69
Phytoplankton Biomass near a Receding Ice-Edge in the Ross Sea....Pages 70-77
The Influence of Light on Growth and Development of the Sea-Ice Microbial Community of McMurdo Sound....Pages 78-83
Physiological Response of Micro-Algae in the Ice-Platelet Layer to Low-Light Conditions....Pages 84-88
Autumnal Proliferation of Ice-Algae in Antarctic Sea-Ice....Pages 89-92
Growth and Production of the Seaweed, Himantothallus grandifolius , at King George Island....Pages 93-103
Factors Influencing the Production, Decomposition and Distribution of Organic and Inorganic Matter in Admiralty Bay, King George Island....Pages 104-108
Kinetics and Trophic Role of Bacterial Degradation of Macro-Algae in Antarctic Coastal Waters....Pages 109-114
The Role of Bacteria in the Cycling of Nutrients within the Maritime Antarctic Environment....Pages 115-122
Heterotrophic Processes in a Kerguelen Mussel-Bed....Pages 123-127
Front Matter....Pages 128-135
Nutrient Cycling in Relation to Biological Productivity in Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems....Pages 137-137
Front Matter....Pages 138-155
The Role of Pygoscelid Penguin Rookeries in Nutrient Cycles at Admiralty Bay, King George Island....Pages 137-137
Ornithogenic Phosphates on King George Island in the Maritime Antarctic....Pages 156-162
Chemical Composition of Guano of Burrowing Petrel Chicks (Procellariidae) at Marion Island....Pages 163-168
The Influence of Elephant Seals on the Terrestrial Ecosystem at Marion Island....Pages 169-172
A Preliminary Study of the Action of Crustose Lichens on Rock Surfaces in Antarctica....Pages 173-179
Heterotrophic Acetylene Reduction in Soils at Marion Island....Pages 180-185
Cellulose Decomposition and Its Relationship to Nutrient Cycling at South Georgia....Pages 186-191
Bryophyte Production at Marion Island....Pages 192-199
Comparative Microbiology of Moss-Peat Decomposition on the Scotia Arc and Antarctic Peninsula....Pages 200-203
Decomposition and Nutrient Cycling in Rostkovia magellanica from Two Contrasting Bogs on South Georgia....Pages 204-210
Growth and Production of Poa flabellata in Relation to Soil Nutrient Status and Exposure at South Georgia....Pages 211-220
Methanogenesis and the Anaerobic Micro-Biology of a Wet Moss Community at Signy Island....Pages 221-228
The Influence of Iron and Manganese on Nutrient Cycling in Shallow Freshwater Antarctic Lakes....Pages 229-233
Paucity of Nutrient Cycling and Absence of Food Chains in the Unique Lakes of Southern Victoria Land....Pages 234-237
Factors Controlling Phytoplankton Populations in Maritime Antarctic Lakes....Pages 238-244
Decomposition Processes in Maritime Antarctic Lakes....Pages 245-252
Interactions of Bacterio- and Phyto-Plankton in Nutrient Cycling Within Eutrophic Heywood Lake, Signy Island....Pages 253-260
Front Matter....Pages 261-264
Antarctic Marine Food Webs....Pages 265-265
Choanoflagellates in the Antarctic Marine Food Chain....Pages 266-270
Alternate Carbon Pathways at Lower Trophic Levels in the Antarctic Food Web....Pages 271-276
Front Matter....Pages 277-283
Spatial Variability of Phytoplankton and the Distribution and Abundance of Krill in the Indian Sector of the Southern Ocean....Pages 265-265
Abundance, Distribution and Behaviour of Euphausia superba in the Southern Ocean Between 15° and 30° E During FIBEX....Pages 284-293
Variation in Geographical Distribution and Abundance of Larvae of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba , in the Southern Atlantic Ocean....Pages 294-303
Vertical Distribution of Larvae of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba ....Pages 304-307
Feeding by Euphausia superba and Copepod Species in Response to Varying Concentrations of Phytoplankton....Pages 308-310
Metabolism of Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba , and Its Tropho-Dynamic Implications....Pages 311-323
Aspects of the Nutritional Metabolism of Two Antarctic Euphausiids: Euphausia superba and Thysanoessa macrura ....Pages 324-329
Moult and Growth in Euphausiids....Pages 330-338
Structural and Functional Analyses of the Feeding Appendages of Krill Larvae....Pages 339-345
Marine Macro-Plankton of Two Sub-Antarctic Islands....Pages 346-354
The Relationship Between Krill Food Requirements and Phytoplankton Production in a Sector of the Southern Indian Ocean....Pages 355-361
Feeding by Antarctic Krill, Euphausia superba : Does Size Matter?....Pages 362-371
Nutrition of Allotanais hirsutus (Crustacea: Tanaidacea) at Kerguelen Island....Pages 372-377
The Trophic Role of the Stone Crab, Lithodes murrayi , in the Benthic Ecosystem of the Crozet Islands....Pages 378-380
The Energy Budget of a Population of the Antarctic Isopod Serolis polita ....Pages 381-388
Non-Cold-Adapted Metabolism in the Decapod Chorismus antarcticus and Other Sub-Antarctic Marine Crustaceans....Pages 389-396
Food Webs and Functional Aspects of the Kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera , Community in the Beagle Channel, Chile....Pages 397-406
Aspects of the Roles of Squid in Food Chains of Marine Antarctic Ecosystems....Pages 407-414
The Role of Zooplankton in the Diets of Certain Sub-Antarctic Marine Fish....Pages 415-420
The Evolution of Neutrally Buoyant Notothenioid Fishes: Their Specializations and Potential Interactions in the Antarctic Marine Food Web....Pages 421-429
Front Matter....Pages 430-436
Krill Consumption by Antarctic Notothenioid Fish....Pages 265-265
The Early Life-History of the High-Antarctic Silverfish, Pleuragramma antarcticum ....Pages 437-444
Trophic Relationships Between Pelagic Fish and Euphausiids in Antarctic Waters....Pages 445-451
Chick Energy Balance in the Whitechinned Petrel, Procellaria aequinoctialis ....Pages 452-459
Energy and Food Requirements of Pelagic Aerial Seabirds in Different Regions of the African Sector of the Southern Ocean....Pages 460-465
Population and Energetic Aspects of the Relationship Between Blackbrowed and Greyheaded Albatrosses and the Southern Ocean Marine Environment....Pages 466-472
The Foraging Zones of Seabirds in the Crozet Islands Sector of the Southern Ocean....Pages 473-477
A Preliminary Comparison of Marine Bird Biomass and Food Consumption Between the Southeastern Bering Sea and Parts of the Southern Ocean....Pages 478-486
The Use of Lipid Profiles in Comparing the Diet of Seabirds....Pages 487-492
Biomass of Birds and Mammals in the Ross Sea....Pages 493-497
Relationships Between Prey Life-Cycles and the Extent, Nature and Timing of Seal and Seabird Predation in the Scotia Sea....Pages 498-515
The Role of Giant Petrels in the Southern Ocean Ecosystem....Pages 516-533
Diet and Energy Budget of the Antarctic Fur Seal, Arctocephalus gazella , at South Georgia....Pages 534-542
Cephalopod Prey of the Sub-Antarctic Fur Seal, Arctocephalus tropicalis , at Gough Island....Pages 543-550
The Role of the Leopard Seal in the Tropho-Dynamics of the Antarctic Marine Ecosystem....Pages 551-554
Weddell Seal — Antarctic Cod Interactions in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica....Pages 555-560
A Review of the Food Habits of the Small Cetaceans of the Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic....Pages 561-565
Energy Flow in the Southern Ocean Food Web....Pages 566-572
Front Matter....Pages 573-580
Terrestrial Food Webs in the Sub-Antarctic: Island Effects....Pages 581-581
Wind Transport of Electrostatically Charged Particles and Minute Organisms in Antarctica....Pages 582-591
Front Matter....Pages 592-596
Succession in the Microflora of Leaves and Litter of Three Plant Species at Sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island....Pages 581-581
Organization and Dynamics of Oligochaeta and Diptera on Possession Island....Pages 597-605
Arthropod Interactions in an Antarctic Terrestrial Community....Pages 606-613
The Feeding Ecology of a Decreasing Feral House Cat, Felis catus , Population at Marion Island....Pages 614-619
Front Matter....Pages 620-624
Interactions Between Antarctic and Sub-Antarctic Marine, Freshwater and Terrestrial Organisms....Pages 625-625
The Intertidal and Shallow Subtidal Food Web at Marion Island....Pages 626-629
 Durvillaea antarctica Production in Relation to Nutrient Cycling at Marion Island....Pages 630-636
Impact of Fur Seals on the Terrestrial Environment at South Georgia....Pages 637-640
Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Seabird Eggs from the Southern Atlantic and Indian Oceans....Pages 641-646
Organochlorines and Heavy Metals in Seals and Birds from the Weddell Sea....Pages 647-651
Metal Concentrations in Antarctic Zooplankton Species....Pages 652-655
The Interaction of Soil and Lake Microflora at Signy Island....Pages 656-661
Trends in Crabeater Seal Age at Maturity: An Insight into Antarctic Marine Interactions....Pages 662-668
Summary and Conclusions....Pages 669-675
Back Matter....Pages 676-682
....Pages 683-702